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Karamizadeh M, Akbarzadeh M, Pourghassem Gargari B, Mahdavi R, Nikniaz Z. Association between hedonic hunger and body mass index in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite 2024; 199:107395. [PMID: 38718576 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Hedonic hunger has been proposed as one of the important causes of obesity in recent years. In the present study, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the relationship between hedonic hunger and body mass index (BMI) in healthy adults. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched until January 19, 2023. All English-language original observational studies conducted on healthy adult subjects, which used the Power of Food Scale (PFS) to evaluate hedonic hunger were included. Quality assessment was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, and StataMP-17 software was used for the meta-analysis. After screening, 25 observational studies with a total of 14457 participants were included. Twenty-four studies were cross-sectional, and one was a cohort study. Twenty-two studies examined both sexes, two studies were conducted only on women, and one study conducted analysis separately on men and women. The results of the meta-analysis showed a positive and significant association between hedonic hunger and BMI with a small effect size (r = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.18). In addition, a positive significant association was observed between subscales of PFS ("food available", "food present", and "food tasted") and BMI. The association between hedonic hunger and BMI was not affected by the results of meta-regression analysis of %female, mean age & BMI, and sample size. In conclusion, there was a positive significant association between hedonic hunger and BMI, but the effect size was weak. Considering the low quality of included studies, we need longitudinal design studies considering the association between these two variables as a primary outcome for a more accurate conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Karamizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Say YH, Nordin MS, Ng ALO. Cross-sectional association study of hedonic hunger, self-control, cognitive distortion, and well-being with adiposity measures among a sample of urban Malaysian adults. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:193. [PMID: 38589962 PMCID: PMC11003038 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the association of hedonic hunger, self-control (impulsivity and restraint), cognitive distortion (CD), and well-being with adiposity measures such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body mass index (BMI), total body fat (TBF), subcutaneous fat (SF), visceral fat level (VFL), skeletal muscle percentage (SM), and resting metabolism (RM), among a sample of urban Malaysian adults at Sunway University and Sunway College, Selangor, Malaysia. METHODS Among 186 participants (M/F = 51/135; aged 22.1 ± 5.0), psychometrics were assessed using Power of Food Scale (PFS), Brief Self-Control Scale, CD Questionnaire (CD-Quest), and WHO-5 Well-being Index. Blood pressures, anthropometrics and body compositions were also measured using standard methods and bioimpedance. RESULTS Men had significantly higher well-being, but lower overall self-control, impulsivity and Food Available hedonic hunger. Those with moderate/severe CD had higher odds ratio (OR) of having high central adiposity, compared with those with absent/slight CD (OR: 2.52;95% CI: 1.14, 5.61; p = 0.023 for WC and OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.19, 5.23; p = 0.015 for WHR). Higher CD and PFS scores were strongly significantly correlated with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), WC, WHR, WHtR, BMI, TBF, SF, VFL and RM. Lower self-control was weakly correlated with higher WC, while lower impulsivity and restraint were weakly correlated with higher VFL. Those who were overweight, obese, and in high TBF class had significantly higher PFS Aggregate Factor scores. Food Available and Food Present scores, but not Food Tasted, were also significantly higher among overweight participants. CONCLUSIONS Higher hedonic hunger and CD were associated with higher SBP and all adiposity measures. Overweight participants had higher hedonic hunger in the context of ready availability and physical presence of highly palatable foods. Lower self-control was weakly correlated with higher central adiposity; lower impulsivity and restraint were weakly correlated with higher visceral adiposity. These findings have provided some insights into the cognitive factors underlying adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mimi Shamirah Nordin
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alvin Lai Oon Ng
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Andrade ALP, Temple JL, Balantekin KN. The relationship among disordered eating behavior, power of food scale and sensitization of the reinforcing value of food. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101878. [PMID: 38696869 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disordered eating behaviors are a current public health concern since their progression can lead to the development of a full criteria eating disorder. Sensitization to repeated intake of high energy density (HED) foods is associated with excess weight gain over time, but less is known about relationships with assessments of disordered eating. Thus, this study aims to understand how disordered eating behaviors refunlate to the influence of the food environment and sensitization. METHOD 163 adolescents - 50 % female and 13.2 mean age - were followed for 24 months. Sensitization was assessed by comparing the relative reinforcing value (RRV) of HED food at baseline and after two weeks of daily intake; sensitization was defined as RRV of food after repeated intake. Study participants also completed the EDE-Q, and Power of Food Scale (PFS). We conducted multivariate general linear models to examine these associations. RESULTS Sensitization status and PFS scores at baseline were positively associated with EDE-Q subscale scores cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally, at baseline and 24 months. We found that sensitization to HED food and higher susceptibility to food cues relates to increased disordered eating behaviors and both at baseline and at 24-months. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that sensitization to repeated HED food intake and the food environment might be a risk factor for later engagement in disordered eating behaviors. Future studies should address the temporal relationships among these factors and the role that social norms around body weight and weight stigma may play in the development of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Letícia Pereira Andrade
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States of America.
| | - Jennifer L Temple
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States of America; Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States of America.
| | - Katherine N Balantekin
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States of America.
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Baboumian S, Puma L, Swencionis C, Astbury NM, Ho J, Pantazatos SP, Geliebter A. Binge Eating (BE) and Obesity: Brain Activity and Psychological Measures before and after Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB). Nutrients 2023; 15:3808. [PMID: 37686840 PMCID: PMC10490010 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain activity in response to food cues following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in binge eating (BE) or non-binge eating (NB) individuals is understudied. Here, 15 RYGB (8 BE; 7 NB) and 13 no treatment (NT) (7 BE; 6 NB) women with obesity underwent fMRI imaging while viewing high and low energy density food (HEF and LEF, respectively) and non-food (NF) visual cues. A region of interest (ROI) analysis compared BE participants to NB participants in those undergoing RYGB surgery pre-surgery and 4 months post. Results were corrected for multiple comparisons using liberal (p < 0.006 uncorrected) and stringent (p < 0.05 FDR corrected) thresholds. Four months following RYGB (vs. no treatment (NT) control), both BE and NB participants showed greater reductions in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals (a proxy of local brain activity) in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in response to HEF (vs. LEF) cues (p < 0.006). BE (vs. NB) participants showed greater increases in the precuneus (p < 0.006) and thalamic regions (p < 0.05 corrected) to food (vs. NF). For RYGB (vs. NT) participants, BE participants, but not NB participants, showed lower BOLD signal in the middle occipital gyrus (p < 0.006), whilst NB participants, but not BE participants, showed lower signal in inferior frontal gyrus (p < 0.006) in response to HEF (vs. LEF). Results suggest distinct neural mechanisms of RGYB in BE and may help lead to improved clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunte Baboumian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside, 1111 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Lauren Puma
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside, 1111 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Charles Swencionis
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 500 West 185th Street, New York, NY 10033, USA
| | - Nerys M. Astbury
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK
| | - Jennifer Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside, 1111 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Spiro P. Pantazatos
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Allan Geliebter
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Morningside, 1111 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10025, USA
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Exploring the pathways from the power of food to food cravings in a sample of Brazilian young adults. Appetite 2023; 181:106381. [PMID: 36410563 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study has three main objectives: a) to analyse, for the first time, the factor structure of the Control of Eating Questionnaire (CoEQ) in a Brazilian sample; b) to explore, through in-depth interviews, motivators and consequences of food cravings among participants with high scores on the CoEQ; and c) to analyse whether and how the power of food is related to food cravings. The study involved 335 young adults aged 18-30 years, balanced for sex. The CoEQ and the Power of Food Scale (PFS) were used in an online survey. The CoEQ and PFS were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with a subsample (n = 20) with high CoEQ scores. The Socratic questioning method was used for the interviews. The interviews were transcribed and analysed according to thematic content analysis. The PFS and the CoEQ showed adequate factor structure with reliable factors. The results of the qualitative analysis showed that both food availability and seeking relief from stressors serve as motives for food cravings. Concern for health and weight gain were cited as consequences of cravings, as was seeking distraction to cope with these cravings. It was found that the PFS aggregate factor was a significant influencing factor for craving control (β = 0.604; p < 0.001), craving for savoury (β = 0.382; p < 0.001), craving for sweet (β = 0.414; p < 0.001) and positive mood (β = -0.198; p < 0.001). The findings suggest that the relationship between food cravings and the power of food is significant in today's obesogenic environment.
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Xiao H, Song J, Han X, Ye Z, Serier KN, Belon KE, Loor JM, Smith JE, Cui T, He J. Assessing hedonic hunger among Chinese adults using the Power of Food Scale: Psychometric properties and cross-cultural invariance between China and the US. Eat Behav 2023; 48:101703. [PMID: 36681015 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hedonic hunger refers to food consumption for pleasure without biological energy deficits. The Power of Food Scale (PFS) is a well-developed self-report instrument assessing hedonic hunger. The present study aimed to translate and validate the PFS into simplified Chinese (C-PFS) and examine its psychometric properties among Chinese adults. A total of 773 participants (51.1 % men, M age = 24.98 years, SD = 6.10) were recruited in the present study from college and community populations. Consistent with the previous studies, confirmatory factor analysis showed that the C-PFS had three factors: food present, food available, and food tasted. In addition, a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 and an ICC of 0.86 suggested that the C-PFS has good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. In terms of convergent validity, the scores of C-PFS correlated significantly with disordered eating symptomatology and loss of control over eating. Measurement invariance tests showed that the C-PFS was invariant across gender and sample source groups in the Chinese sample. In addition, a U.S. sample of 490 college students (26.6 % men, M age = 21.41 years, SD = 5.45) was used to test the measurement invariance across countries, and results suggested a partial invariance across college students from China and those from the U.S. In conclusion, the C-PFS can be a useful tool for measuring hedonic hunger among adults in China, and there may be cultural differences in the measurement of the PFS in college students across China and the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 517182, China
| | - Jianwen Song
- Department of Educational Psychology, Baylor University Graduate School, United States of America
| | - Xinni Han
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 517182, China
| | - Zhengyan Ye
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 517182, China
| | - Kelsey N Serier
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, United States of America; National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, United States of America
| | | | - Jamie M Loor
- University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, United States of America
| | - Jane Ellen Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Tianxiang Cui
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 517182, China
| | - Jinbo He
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 517182, China.
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Gabe KT, Jaime PC. Convergent validity and invariance analysis of a scale to measure adherence to eating practices recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720220009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the convergent validity and invariance of a scale to measure adherence to eating practices recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population. Methods: A subsample (n=1309) of the NutriNet-Brasil cohort (self-filled web-based study) answered the 24-items scale based on the Guide, as well as socioeconomic and dietary questionnaires. The score in the scale (eGuia) was compared by Spearman’s correlation with scores of fresh and minimally processed foods (eG1) and ultra-processed foods (eG4) consumption, both composed of the average number of food items consumed in three random days. Correlations’ direction and strength were observed to infer convergent validity. A multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess scale invariance at the configural, factorial and metric levels, between subgroups of sex (men/women), age (≤37/>37, being 37 the median) and years of schooling (≤11/>11). The model was invariant when the goodness-of-fit indices varied within acceptable ranges compared to the previous level. Results: Participants were on average 39 years old (sd=13.7), 53% were women and 69% had more than 11 years of education. Correlations between eGuia and eG1, and between eGuia and eG4 were 0.56 and -0.51 (p<0.001), respectively. In all sociodemographic groups, the goodness-of-fit indices varied within acceptable ranges. Conclusion: The correlations show that the eating practices measured by the scale are aligned with a healthy food consumption, showing its convergent validity. In this sample, the scale measured the same dimensions, showed equivalence of items’ factor loadings, and generated comparable scores between subgroups of sex, age, and education.
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Gabe KT, Jaime PC. Validade convergente e análise de invariância de uma escala de adesão a práticas alimentares recomendadas pelo Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2022; 25:e220009. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720220009.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar a validade convergente e a invariância de uma escala de adesão a práticas alimentares recomendadas pelo Guia Alimentar para a População Brasileira. Métodos: Uma subamostra (n=1.309) da coorte NutriNet-Brasil (estudo online autopreenchido) respondeu à escala baseada no guia (24 itens) e a questionários socioeconômicos e alimentares. O escore na escala (eGuia) foi comparado por meio de correlação de Spearman a escores de consumo de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados (eG1) e ultraprocessados (eG4), compostos do número médio de alimentos desses grupos consumidos em três dias aleatórios. Para inferência de validade convergente, observaram-se o sentido e a magnitude das correlações. Empregou-se análise fatorial confirmatória com múltiplos grupos para avaliar a invariância nos níveis configural, fatorial e escalar, entre subgrupos de sexo (homens/mulheres), idade (≤37/>37, sendo 37 a mediana) e anos de estudo (≤11/>11). Considerou-se o modelo invariante quando os índices de ajuste variaram nos limites aceitáveis ante o nível anterior. Resultados: Os participantes tinham em média 39 anos (desvio padrão — DP=13,7), 53% eram mulheres e 69% tinham mais de 11 anos de estudo. As correlações entre eGuia e eG1 e eGuia e eG4 foram 0,56 e -0,51 (p<0,001), respectivamente. Em todos os subgrupos, os índices de ajuste variaram nos limites aceitáveis. Conclusão: As correlações mostram que as práticas alimentares medidas pela escala estão associadas ao consumo alimentar saudável, demonstrando validade convergente. Nessa amostra, a escala mediu as mesmas dimensões, apresentou equivalência nas cargas fatoriais dos itens e gerou escores comparáveis entre diferentes subgrupos de sexo, idade e escolaridade.
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Examining the ecological validity of the Power of Food Scale. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:717-721. [PMID: 32107744 PMCID: PMC8667200 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Appetite for palatable foods may impact eating-related behaviors in everyday life. The present study evaluated the real-world predictive validity of the Power of Food Scale (PFS) using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). METHODS 30 women who reported binge eating completed the PFS and related measures. Subsequently, during a 14-day assessment period, participants completed five daily EMA surveys of appetite and binge eating via text message and web. RESULTS Results of generalized estimating equations showed that higher PFS scores were associated with higher momentary levels of hunger, eagerness to eat, and urge to eat but were unrelated to fullness, preoccupation with thoughts of food, and binge eating. CONCLUSION This study supported the ecological validity of the PFS by demonstrating its association with momentary measures of appetite in everyday life using EMA. Although the PFS may not be predictive of binge eating, future research should investigate PFS as a dispositional moderator, and explore associations between the PFS and overeating (i.e., binge eating without the loss of control component) and loss of control eating in non-clinical samples. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, multiple time series.
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