Lateral Meniscus Allograft Transplantation in Combination with BMAC (Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate) Injection: Biologic Augmentation of the Allograft

Bone Regeneration: A Review of Current Treatment Strategies

Bone regeneration has emerged as a critical research and clinical advancement field, fueled by the growing demand for effective treatments in orthopedics and oncology. Over the past two decades, significant progress in biomaterials and surgical techniques has led to the development of novel solutions for treating bone defects, surpassing the use of traditional autologous grafts. This review aims to assess the latest approaches in bone regeneration, including autologous, allogenic, and xenogenic grafts, naturally derived biomaterials, and innovative synthetic substitutes such as bioceramics, bioactive glasses, metals, polymers, composite materials, and other specialized applications. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, focusing on studies published between 2019 and 2024, including meta-analyses, reviews, and systematic reviews. The review evaluated a range of bone regeneration strategies, examining the clinical outcomes, materials used, surgical techniques, and the effectiveness of various approaches in treating bone defects. The search identified numerous studies, with the inclusion criteria focused on those exploring innovative bone regeneration strategies. These studies provided valuable insights into the clinical and biological outcomes of different biomaterials and graft types. Results indicated that while advancements in synthetic and naturally derived biomaterials show promising potential, challenges remain in optimizing therapeutic strategies across diverse patient populations and clinical settings. The findings emphasize the need for an integrated approach that combines scientific research, clinical practice, and technological innovation to improve bone regeneration therapies. Further research is required to establish standardized protocols and determine the optimal application of various materials and techniques to enhance patient outcomes and the quality of care.

Meniscus Allograft Transplantation Augmented With Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate

Meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT) has been shown to be a feasible surgical option for younger patients, below 50 years of age who have meniscal insufficiency and have failed conservative treatment measures. In this technical note, we describe a procedure of harvesting and injecting bone marrow aspirate concentrate in a meniscus allograft during a MAT procedure, which may allow for longer lasting transplants and improve patient outcomes. In this technical note, bone marrow aspirate concentrate is harvested arthroscopically from the intercondylar notch at the surgical site, which prevents additional donor site morbidity, as seen with harvesting from other locations, such as the iliac crest. This also reduces operating time, since harvesting from the iliac crest requires different patient positioning and usually additional anesthesia. The authors of this surgical technique believe that biological augmentation during MATs will assist surgeons in maximizing graft survivorship and, ultimately, lead to better patient outcomes.

Minced Meniscus: Biologic Augmented Meniscal Implant Treatment

Applications of meniscus scaffolds are crucial for preserving articular cartilage tissue, restoring normal joint mechanics, and stabilizing joints with partial meniscus deficits. Studies are still being conducted to determine how meniscus scaffold applications can create viable and durable tissue. The surgical procedure described in this study uses the meniscus scaffold and minced meniscus tissue.

Segmental Medial Meniscus Transplantation in Combination With BMAC (Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate) Injection to Improve Healing and Prevent Extrusion

In recent years, the lack of permanent protection of meniscus scaffold applications in partial and segmental loss of meniscus tissue and the low rates of long-term survival of meniscus transplantation have brought partial meniscus transplantation applications into question. This technique aims to accelerate the capsular healing and prevent future extrusion of the segmental piece by performing biological augmentation with bone marrow aspirate concentrate together with a stable fixation of the partial meniscus allograft.