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Martins CF, Santiago Filho A, Ferreira MB, Fernandes CEDS, Monreal ACD, Souza CGD, Chagas RAD, Vargas Junior FMD. Reproductive behavior of Pantaneiros sheep, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.57518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective was to evaluate fertility, cyclicality behavior, and sexual performance of Pantaneiro sheep throughout the year’s photoperiods in Mato Grosso do Sul - Brazil. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment one, the ewes used aged between 2 and 4 years, distributed in three homogeneous groups of 54 animals and subjected to reproductive evaluation in three different predefined luminosity periods, consisting of autumn (11h 45 min.), spring (12h 30 min.), and summer (12h 55 min.). The characteristics studied were body weight (BW), body condition score (BCC), estrus distribution (EST), percentage of pregnant females per cycle (%P), plasma progesterone (PP), and fertility (F) in the three predefined seasons. The mating system used was controlled natural nocturnal and lasted for 45 days. Experiment two, evaluated the ram sexual activity. The males (10) were individually exposed to four ovariectomized ewes. The ewes cycled during evaluated seasons, and the highest fertility was observed in animals with BCC >2.75. The PP concentration differed among periods, and higher conception rates (F) were observed in autumn and spring. The rams (75%) had a medium of sexual performance when they performed more than two ejaculations in 20 min throughout the seasons. Pantaneiro sheep of both genders had a similar fertility index, with early and constant activity throughout the year, displaying no photoperiodism or seasonality.
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Badr O, El-Shawaf I, Khalil M, Refaat M, Ramadan S. Molecular genetic diversity and conservation priorities of Egyptian rabbit breeds. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2019.8923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
<p>The limited rabbit resources in Egypt are threatened by the danger of extinction, whereas genetic diversity studies of native breeds could play a vital role in conservation and improvement of these breeds. In this study, 3 native rabbit breeds: Gabali (G), Baladi Red (BR) and Baladi Black (BB), in addition to New Zealand White (NZW), were genotyped using 12 microsatellite markers. All the typed microsatellites were polymorphic by average number of alleles 5.25 per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosity per locus averaged 0.62 and 0.68, respectively. The average polymorphic information content was 0.71 and the highest polymorphic information content was recorded in locus SOL33 by 0.85. All the studied loci except SAT7 and SAT2 showed deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with significant level. The inbreeding coefficient of the individuals relative to the total population was 0.07. The within-population heterozygote deficit averaged 0.07 and ranged from 0.141 in BR to 0.015 in BB breeds. The highest pairwise differentiation among the populations was recorded between BB and NZW (0.071), while the lowest value was recorded between BR and both of G (0.038) and BB (0.039). The lowest pairwise Nei’s genetic distance was recorded between BR and BB (0.190), while the highest was recorded between NZW and BB breeds (0.409). BR and G populations were clustered together forming an admixed mosaic cluster. BR recorded the highest contribution in the aggregate genetic diversity based on the three prioritisation methods used.</p>
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Nigussie H, Mwacharo JM, Osama S, Agaba M, Mekasha Y, Kebede K, Abegaz S, Pal SK. Genetic diversity and matrilineal genetic origin of fat-rumped sheep in Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1393-1404. [PMID: 30798433 PMCID: PMC7826308 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ethiopia is home to a diverse gene pool of indigenous sheep populations. Therefore, a better understanding of genetic variation holds the key to future utilization through conservation. Three of these breeds, Afar, Blackhead Somali, and Hararghe Highland, are found in eastern Ethiopia where they contribute significantly to the livelihood of most pastoralist, agro-pastoralist, and smallholder farmers. These indigenous sheep are recognized on the basis of morphotype and their genetic distinction remains unknown. Here, to assess genetic variation, and matrilineal genetic origin and relationship of fat-rumed sheep found in eastern Ethiopia, 300 individuals from the three breeds were genotyped for 22 microsatellite markers and sequenced for the mitochondrial DNA displacement loop (mtDNA d-loop) region. The overall HO and HE were 0.57 and 0.75, respectively. Differentiation statistics revealed that a high proportion (97%) of the total genetic variation was explained by differences between individuals within populations. Genotype assignment independent of the population of origin showed K = 2 to be the optimum number of genetic backgrounds present in the dataset. This result was further confirmed by mtDNA D-loop sequences comparison in which the matrilineal genetic origin of eastern Ethiopia sheep is from two haplotype groups (types A and B) among the five haplotypes globally observed. Taken together, our findings suggest that the sheep populations from three breeds originated from two ancestral genetic backgrounds that may have diverged prior to their introduction to Ethiopia. However, to obtain a complete picture of the evolutionary dynamics of Ethiopian indigenous sheep, more samples and populations from within and outside of the country will need to be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Nigussie
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Joram M Mwacharo
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) c/o ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sarah Osama
- Biosciences eastern and central Africa (BecA-ILRI), International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Morris Agaba
- The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Yoseph Mekasha
- The Agricultural Transformation Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kefelegn Kebede
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the tropics and Sub tropics- 490h, University of Hohenheim Garrbenstr, 17/70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Solomon Abegaz
- Ethiopian Institutes of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 32, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Sanjoy Kumar Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical & Allied Medical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, CT University, Jagraon Ludhiana, Punjab, 142024, India
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Dossybayev K, Orazymbetova Z, Mussayeva A, Saitou N, Zhapbasov R, Makhatov B, Bekmanov B. Genetic diversity of different breeds of Kazakh sheep using microsatellite analysis. Arch Anim Breed 2019; 62:305-312. [PMID: 31807641 PMCID: PMC6852843 DOI: 10.5194/aab-62-305-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 75 individuals from five sheep populations in Kazakhstan
were investigated based on 12 STR (short tandem repeat, also known as microsatellite) markers in order to study their genetic
structure and phylogenetic relationship based on genetic distances. These
sheep had a high level of genetic diversity. In total, 163 alleles were
found in all the populations using 12 microsatellite loci. The mean
number of alleles, effective number of alleles, and polymorphism information content (PIC) values per loci were
13.4, 5.9, and 0.78, respectively. Comparing the allelic diversity between
the populations, the highest genetic diversity was observed in the Edilbay-1 sheep breed (8.333±0.644), and the lowest parameter was for Kazakh
Arkhar-Merino (7.083±0.633). In all populations, there is a
deficiency of heterozygosity. The largest genetic diversity was found in
loci INRA023 and CSRD247 with 16 alleles, and the smallest polymorphism was noted for the
locus D5S2 with 8 alleles. The level of observed heterozygosity was in the range 0.678±0.051 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and 0.767±0.047 for
Kazakh fat-tailed coarse wool. The expected heterozygosity level range was from
0.702±0.033 for Kazakh Arkhar-Merino to 0.777±0.023 for
Edilbay-1. When 12 microsatellite loci are compared, the OarFCB20 locus showed the
highest level of genetic variability. Excess of heterozygosity was observed
at three loci; MAF065, McM042, and OarFCB20.
The highest genetic distance was observed between
Kazakh Arkhar-Merino and Edilbay-1, whereas the genetic distance between
Edilbay-1 and Edilbay-2 is the smallest using Nei's standard genetic
distance. The Edilbay-1 sheep breed possesses the largest genetic diversity
among these five populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kairat Dossybayev
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Faculty of Bioresources and Technology, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zarina Orazymbetova
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aizhan Mussayeva
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Naruya Saitou
- Population Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Rakhymbek Zhapbasov
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Bolathan Makhatov
- Faculty of Bioresources and Technology, Kazakh National Agrarian University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakytzhan Bekmanov
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Vajed Ebrahimi MT, Mohammadabadi M, Esmailizadeh A. Using microsatellite markers to analyze genetic diversity in 14 sheep types in Iran. Arch Anim Breed 2017. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-60-183-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. Investigation of genetic relationship among populations has been traditionally based on the analysis of allele frequencies at different loci. The prime objective of this research was to measure the genetic polymorphism of five microsatellite markers (McMA2, BM6444, McMA26, HSC, and OarHH35) and study genetic diversity of 14 sheep types in Iran. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of 565 individuals using an optimized salting-out DNA extraction procedure. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was successfully performed with the specific primers. Some locus–population combinations were not at Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0. 05). The microsatellite analysis revealed high allelic and gene diversity in all 14 breeds. Pakistani and Arabi breeds showed the highest mean number of alleles (11.8 and 11 respectively), while the highest value for polymorphic information content was observed for the Arabi breed (0.88). A UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) dendrogram based on the Nei's standard genetic distance among studied breeds showed a separate cluster for Arabi and Pakistani breeds and another cluster for other breeds. The Shannon index (H0) for McMA2, BM6444, McMA26, HSC, and OarHH35 was 2.31, 2.17, 2.27, 2.04 and 2.18, respectively, and polymorphic information content (PIC) values were 0.88, 0.92, 0.87, 0.84, and 0.86 for McMA2, BM6444, McMA26, HSC, and OarHH35, respectively. The high degree of variability demonstrated within the studied sheep types implies that these populations are rich reservoirs of genetic diversity that must be preserved.
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