1,2,3-Triazol-carboxanilides and 1,2,3-triazol-(N-benzyl)-carboxamides as BK-potassium channel activators. XII

Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Substituted Chalcone-Linked 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents: In Vitro Antitumor Activity and Molecular Docking Studies

The synthesis of (E)-1-(1-benzyl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-one derivatives was carried out in two steps, using benzylic chloride derivatives as starting material. The structural determination of intermediates and final products was performed by spectroscopic methods: infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (IR, NMR, and MS). In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic activity on adherent and non-adherent cells showed that triazole chalcones exhibited significant activity against three of the five cell lines studied: non-Hodgkin lymphoma U937, glioblastoma multiform tumor T98G, and gallbladder cancer cells Gb-d1. In contrast, the cytotoxic activity observed for cervical cancer HeLa and gallbladder adenocarcinoma G-415 was considerably lower. Additionally, in the cell lines where activity was observed, some compounds demonstrated an In vitro inhibitory effect superior to that of the control, paclitaxel. Molecular docking studies revealed specific interactions between the synthesized ligands and therapeutic targets in various cell lines. In U937 cells, compounds 4a and 4c exhibited significant inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) kinase, correlating with their biological activity. This effect was attributed to favorable interactions with key residues in the binding site. In T98G cells, compounds 4r and 4w showed affinity for transglutaminase 2 (TG2) protein, driven by their ability to form hydrophobic interactions. In Gb-d1 cells, compounds 4l and 4p exhibited favorable interactions with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) protein, similar to those observed with the known inhibitor selumetinib. In HeLa cells, compounds 4h and 4g showed activity against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) protein, driven by hydrogen bonding interactions and favorable aromatic ring orientations. On the other hand, compounds 4b and 4t exhibited no activity, likely due to unfavorable interactions related to halogen substitutions in the aromatic rings.

Direct Organocatalytic Chemoselective Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Active 1,2,3-Triazoles and 4,5'-Bitriazoles

Carbonyl-containing 1,4,5-trisubstituted- and 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles are well-known for their wide range of applications in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry, but their high-yielding metal-free synthesis has always remained challenging, as no comprehensive protocol has been outlined to date. Owing to their structural and medicinal importance, herein, we synthesized various carbonyl-containing 1,4,5-trisubstituted- and 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles and unsymmetrical 4,5'-bitriazoles with high yields and chemo-/regioselectivity from the library of 2,4-diketoesters and azides in a sequential one-pot manner through the combination of organocatalytic enolization, in situ [3 + 2]-cycloaddition, and hydrolysis reactions. The commercial availability of the starting materials/catalysts, diverse substrate scope, performance in a one-pot manner, chemo-/regioselectivity of organo-click reaction, quick synthesis of unsymmetrical 4,5'-bitriazoles, a large number of synthetic applications, and numerous medicinal applications of carbonyl-containing 1,2,3-triazoles are the key attractions of this metal-free organo-click work.

Crystal structure, computational study and Hirshfeld surface analysis of ethyl (2S,3R)-3-(3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-hy-droxy-3-phenyl-propano-ate

In the title mol-ecule, C13H16N4O3, the mean planes of the phenyl and triazole rings are nearly perpendicular to one another as a result of the intra-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π(ring) inter-actions. In the crystal, layers parallel to (101) are generated by O-H⋯N, N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The layers are connected by inversion-related pairs of C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The experimental mol-ecular structure is close to the gas-phase geometry-optimized structure calculated by DFT methods. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important inter-action involving hydrogen in the title compound is the H⋯H contact. The contribution of the H⋯O, H⋯N, and H⋯H contacts are 13.6, 16.1, and 54.6%, respectively.

Design, synthesis, antiviral and cytostatic evaluation of novel isoxazolidine nucleotide analogues with a 1,2,3-triazole linker

Azidation (TMSN(3), SnCl(4)) of a 9:1 mixture of trans- and cis-5-acetoxy-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl-3-phosphonates at the anomeric carbon atom led to the formation of the equimolar mixture of cis- and trans-5-azido-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl-3-phosphonates, which were efficiently separated. The 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of pure trans- and cis-5-azidoisoxazolidin-3-yl-3-phosphonates with selected alkynes gave the respective nucleoside mimetics containing a 1,2,3-triazole linker. The (1,2,3-triazolyl)isoxazolidine phosphonates obtained herein were evaluated in vitro for activity against a variety of DNA and RNA viruses. None of the compounds were endowed with antiviral activity at subtoxic concentrations. Compounds 15f-j and 16f-j were cytostatic in the higher micromolar range.