1
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Chen X, Wang J, Mo Z, Han L, Cheng K, Xie C, Liu G, Jiang L, Wang K, Pan J. Development of Ru-polypyridyl complexes for real-time monitoring of Aβ oligomers and inhibition of Aβ fibril formation. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1449-1453. [PMID: 38390765 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01929b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) is one of the important pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease. Ruthenium(II) complexes have good stability, low cytotoxicity, a high fluorescence quantum yield, and a good Stokes shift as fluorescent probes. Based on this, we constructed a fluorescent probe for in vivo real-time imaging and inhibition of Aβ-fibril formation using a complex of Ru polypyridine with organic fluorophores (N,N-dimethylaniline) and hydrophobic peptides (KLVFF). DLS and TEM studies have shown that Ru-YH has an inhibitory effect on the fibrotic aggregation of Aβ. Both in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that Ru-WJ and Ru-YH can quickly cross the blood-brain barrier and successfully detect Aβ in early (2.5-month old) transgenic mouse models. In summary, we have explored the potential of Ru complex based biological probes for early diagnosis and inhibition of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaoyang Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenzhuo Mo
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Han
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Kaiqing Cheng
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Cheng Xie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Genyan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Pan
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
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2
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Grcic L, Leech G, Kwan K, Storr T. Targeting misfolding and aggregation of the amyloid-β peptide and mutant p53 protein using multifunctional molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1372-1388. [PMID: 38204416 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05834d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biomolecule misfolding and aggregation play a major role in human disease, spanning from neurodegeneration to cancer. Inhibition of these processes is of considerable interest, and due to the multifactorial nature of these diseases, the development of drugs that act on multiple pathways simultaneously is a promising approach. This Feature Article focuses on the development of multifunctional molecules designed to inhibit the misfolding and aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the mutant p53 protein in cancer. While for the former, the goal is to accelerate the removal of the Aβ peptide and associated aggregates, for the latter, the goal is reactivation via stabilization of the active folded form of mutant p53 protein and/or aggregation inhibition. Due to the similar aggregation pathway of the Aβ peptide and mutant p53 protein, a common therapeutic approach may be applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn Grcic
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Grace Leech
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Kalvin Kwan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
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3
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La Manna S, Di Natale C, Panzetta V, Leone M, Mercurio FA, Cipollone I, Monti M, Netti PA, Ferraro G, Terán A, Sánchez-Peláez AE, Herrero S, Merlino A, Marasco D. A Diruthenium Metallodrug as a Potent Inhibitor of Amyloid-β Aggregation: Synergism of Mechanisms of Action. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:564-575. [PMID: 38117944 PMCID: PMC10777406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of paddlewheel diruthenium compounds are highly dependent on the nature of the ligands surrounding the bimetallic core. Herein, we compare the ability of two diruthenium compounds, [Ru2Cl(D-p-FPhF)(O2CCH3)3]·H2O (1) (D-p-FPhF- = N,N'-bis(4-fluorophenyl)formamidinate) and K3[Ru2(O2CO)4]·3H2O (2), to act as inhibitors of amyloid aggregation of the Aβ1-42 peptide and its peculiar fragments, Aβ1-16 and Aβ21-40. A wide range of biophysical techniques has been used to determine the inhibition capacity against aggregation and the possible mechanism of action of these compounds (Thioflavin T fluorescence and autofluorescence assays, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and electron scanning microscopy). Data show that the most effective inhibitory effect is shown for compound 1. This compound inhibits fiber formation and completely abolishes the cytotoxicity of Aβ1-42. The antiaggregatory capacity of this complex can be explained by a binding mechanism of the dimetallic units to the peptide chain along with π-π interactions between the formamidinate ligand and the aromatic side chains. The results suggest the potential use of paddlewheel diruthenium complexes as neurodrugs and confirm the importance of the steric and charge effects on the properties of diruthenium compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Panzetta
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Irene Cipollone
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE
Biotecnologie
Avanzate “Franco Salvatore” S.c.a r.l., 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo A. Netti
- Department
of Chemical, Materials, and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary
Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Aarón Terán
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana E. Sánchez-Peláez
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Herrero
- MatMoPol
Research Group, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical
Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
“Federico II”, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico
II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute
of Biostructures and Bioimaging - CNR, 80145 Naples, Italy
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4
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Pourtaher H, Hasaninejad A, Zare S, Tanideh N, Iraji A. The anti-Alzheimer potential of novel spiroindolin-1,2-diazepine derivatives as targeted cholinesterase inhibitors with modified substituents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11952. [PMID: 37488177 PMCID: PMC10366214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new series of spiro indolin-1,2-diazepine were designed, synthesized, and screened for their cholinesterase inhibitory activities. A novel, green, high-yielding approach was constructed to synthesize spiro indolin-1,2-diazepine derivatives through a cascade reaction of different isatins, malononitrile and 1,1-enediamines (EDAMs) via sequential four-component reactions to produce the target compounds with good to excellent yields. Next the inhibitory potencies of all derivatives were determined spectroscopically at 415 nm using the modified Ellman method. The results of the in vitro screening indicated that 5l with spiroindolin-1,2-diazepine core bearing 5-NO2 at R1 and 4-OH at R2 was the most potent and selective AChE inhibitor with an IC50 value of 3.98 ± 1.07 µM with no significant inhibition against BChE while 5j was the most active analog against both AChE and BChE enzymes. The structure-activity relationships suggested the variation in the inhibitory activities of derivatives was affected by different substitutions on the indolinone ring as well as the phenyl moiety. The enzyme kinetic studies of the most potent compound 5l at five different concentrations and acetylthiocholine substrate (0.1-1 mM) by Ellman's method revealed that it inhibited AChE in a mixed mode with a Ki of 0.044 μM. A molecular docking study was performed via induced fit docking protocol to predict the putative binding interaction. It was shown that the moieties used in the initial structure design play a fundamental role in interacting with the enzyme's binding site. Further, molecular dynamics simulations with the Schrödinger package were performed for 5l in a complex with AChE and revealed that compound 5l formed the stable complex with the enzyme. The MTT toxicity assessments against the neuroblastoma cell line were executed, and no toxicity was seen for 5l under the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hormoz Pourtaher
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
| | - Alireza Hasaninejad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Novel Organoruthenium(II) Complex C1 Selectively Inhibits Butyrylcholinesterase without Side Effects on Neuromuscular Transmission. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032681. [PMID: 36769002 PMCID: PMC9916964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) shows increased activity in some brain regions after progression of Alzheimer's disease and is therefore one of the therapeutic targets for symptomatic treatment of this neurodegenerative disorder. The organoruthenium(II) complex [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(II)(1-hydroxy-3-methoxypyridine-2(1H)-thionato)pta]PF6 (C1) was designed based on the results of our previous structure-activity studies. Inhibitory activity toward cholinesterase enzymes shows that this complex selectively, competitively, and reversibly inhibits horse serum BChE (hsBChE) with an IC50 value of 2.88 µM. When tested at supra-pharmacological concentrations (30, 60, 90, and 120 µM), C1 had no significant effect on the maximal amplitude of nerve-evoked and directly elicited single-twitch and tetanic contractions. At the highest tested concentration (120 µM), C1 had no effect on resting membrane potential, but significantly decreased the amplitude of miniature end-plate potentials (MEPP) without reducing their frequency. The same concentration of C1 had no effect on the amplitude of end-plate potentials (EPP), however it shortened the half-decay time of MEPPs and EPPs. The decrease in the amplitude of MEPPs and shortening of the half-decay time of MEPPs and EPPs suggest a possible weak inhibitory effect on muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). These combined results show that, when applied at supra-pharmacological concentrations up to 120 µM, C1 does not importantly affect the physiology of neuromuscular transmission and skeletal muscle contraction.
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6
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Wu CY, Chen HJ, Wu YC, Tsai SW, Liu YH, Bhattacharya U, Lin D, Tai HC, Kong KV. Highly Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generation by BODIPY-Ruthenium(II) Complexes for Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and Suppressing Tau Protein Aggregation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1102-1112. [PMID: 36622931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1O2) has been recently identified as a key molecule against toxic Aβ aggregation, which is associated with the currently incurable Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, limited research has studied its efficiency against tau protein aggregation, the other major hallmark of AD. Herein, we designed and synthesized boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-ruthenium conjugates and isolated three isomers. Under visible-light irradiation, the ε isomer can be photoactivated and efficiently generate singlet oxygen. Particularly, the complex demonstrated successful results in attenuating tauopathy─an appreciable decrease to 43 ± 2% at 100 nM. The photosensitizer was further found to remarkably promote neurite outgrowth and significantly increased the length and number of neurites in nerve cells. As a result of effective photoinduced singlet oxygen generation and proactive neurite outgrowth, the hybrid design has great potential for therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Jou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Duo Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hwan-Ching Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Xu Y, Xiong H, Zhang B, Lee I, Xie J, Li M, Zhang H, Seung Kim J. Photodynamic Alzheimer’s disease therapy: From molecular catalysis to photo-nanomedicine. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Britten NS, Butler JA. Ruthenium metallotherapeutics: novel approaches to combatting parasitic infections. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5159-5178. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220401105444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human parasitic infections cause a combined global mortality rate of over one million people per annum and represent some of the most challenging diseases for medical intervention. Current chemotherapeutic strategies often require prolonged treatment, coupled with subsequent drug-induced cytotoxic morbidity to the host, while resistance generation is also a major concern. Metals have been used extensively throughout the history of medicine, with more recent applications as anticancer and antimicrobial agents. Ruthenium metallotherapeutic antiparasitic agents are highly effective at targeting a range of key parasites, including the causative agents of malaria, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, amoebiasis, toxoplasmosis and other orphan diseases, while demonstrating lower cytotoxicity profiles than current treatment strategies. Generally, such compounds also demonstrate activity against multiple cellular target sites within parasites, including inhibition of enzyme function, cell membrane perturbation, and alterations to metabolic pathways, therefore reducing the opportunity for resistance generation. This review provides a comprehensive and subjective analysis of the rapidly developing area of ruthenium metal-based antiparasitic chemotherapeutics, in the context of rational drug design and potential clinical approaches to combatting human parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S. Britten
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A. Butler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Lima M, Marchi RC, Cardoso C, Cook N, Pazin W, Kock F, Venancio T, Martí A, Carlos RM. Bidentate Coordination of 2Apy in cis‐[Ru(phen)2(2Apy)]2+ Aiming at Photobiological Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Lima
- IFPI: Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia do Piaui Chemistry BRAZIL
| | | | - Carolina Cardoso
- Instituto Federal de Educacao Ciencia e Tecnologia de Sao Paulo chemistry BRAZIL
| | | | | | - Flavio Kock
- UFSCar: Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos Chemistry BRAZIL
| | - Tiago Venancio
- UFSCar: Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos Chemistry BRAZIL
| | | | - Rose Maria Carlos
- Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos Química Rod Washington Luis Km 235 13565-905 São Carlos-SP BRAZIL
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Photoactivable Ruthenium-Based Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles for Light-Induced Chemotherapy. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113089. [PMID: 34835853 PMCID: PMC8617783 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Green light photoactive Ru-based coordination polymer nanoparticles (CPNs), with chemical formula [[Ru(biqbpy)]1.5(bis)](PF6)3 (biqbpy = 6,6'-bis[N-(isoquinolyl)-1-amino]-2,2'-bipyridine; bis = bis(imidazol-1-yl)-hexane), were obtained through polymerization of the trans-[Ru(biqbpy)(dmso)Cl]Cl complex (Complex 1) and bis bridging ligands. The as-synthesized CPNs (50 ± 12 nm diameter) showed high colloidal and chemical stability in physiological solutions. The axial bis(imidazole) ligands coordinated to the ruthenium center were photosubstituted by water upon light irradiation in aqueous medium to generate the aqueous substituted and active ruthenium complexes. The UV-Vis spectral variations observed for the suspension upon irradiation corroborated the photoactivation of the CPNs, while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) of irradiated particles in physiological media allowed for the first time precisely quantifying the amount of photoreleased complex from the polymeric material. In vitro studies with A431 and A549 cancer cell lines revealed an 11-fold increased uptake for the nanoparticles compared to the monomeric complex [Ru(biqbpy)(N-methylimidazole)2](PF6)2 (Complex 2). After irradiation (520 nm, 39.3 J/cm2), the CPNs yielded up to a two-fold increase in cytotoxicity compared to the same CPNs kept in the dark, indicating a selective effect by light irradiation. Meanwhile, the absence of 1O2 production from both nanostructured and monomeric prodrugs concluded that light-induced cell death is not caused by a photodynamic effect but rather by photoactivated chemotherapy.
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11
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Trobec T, Sepčić K, Žužek MC, Kladnik J, Podjed N, Cardoso Páscoa C, Turel I, Frangež R. Fine Tuning of Cholinesterase and Glutathione-S-Transferase Activities by Organoruthenium(II) Complexes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091243. [PMID: 34572429 PMCID: PMC8467340 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterases (ChEs) show increased activities in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and remain one of the main therapeutic targets for treatment of this neurodegenerative disorder. A library of organoruthenium(II) complexes was prepared to investigate the influence of their structural elements on inhibition of ChEs, and on another pharmacologically important group of enzymes, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Two groups of organoruthenium(II) compounds were considered: (i) organoruthenium(II) complexes with p-cymene as an arene ligand, and (ii) organoruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes as CO-releasing molecules. Eight organoruthenium complexes were screened for inhibitory activities against ChEs and GSTs of human and animal origins. Some compounds inhibited all of these enzymes at low micromolar concentrations, while others selectively inhibited either ChEs or GSTs. This study demonstrates the importance of the different structural elements of organoruthenium complexes for their inhibitory activities against ChEs and GSTs, and also proposes some interesting compounds for further preclinical testing as ChE or GST inhibitory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaž Trobec
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.T.); (M.C.Ž.)
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (I.T.); (R.F.); Tel.: +386-1-3203419 (K.S.); +386-1-4798525 (I.T.); +386-1-4779131 (R.F.)
| | - Monika Cecilija Žužek
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.T.); (M.C.Ž.)
| | - Jerneja Kladnik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.K.); (N.P.); (C.C.P.)
| | - Nina Podjed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.K.); (N.P.); (C.C.P.)
| | - Catarina Cardoso Páscoa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.K.); (N.P.); (C.C.P.)
- NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Iztok Turel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.K.); (N.P.); (C.C.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (I.T.); (R.F.); Tel.: +386-1-3203419 (K.S.); +386-1-4798525 (I.T.); +386-1-4779131 (R.F.)
| | - Robert Frangež
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (T.T.); (M.C.Ž.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (I.T.); (R.F.); Tel.: +386-1-3203419 (K.S.); +386-1-4798525 (I.T.); +386-1-4779131 (R.F.)
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12
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Almeida MP, Kock FVC, de Jesus HCR, Carlos RM, Venâncio T. Probing the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of a novel Ru(II) polypyridyl complex and the supramolecular interaction by (STD)-NMR. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 224:111560. [PMID: 34399231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Currently, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are the only anti-Alzheimer drugs commercially available. Despite their wide use those drugs are all dose dependent and their effect last for no longer than two years, with several side effects. The search of novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors remains as the main scientific route. Here we describe the synthesis, characterization, biological activity and an NMR binding-target study of a novel cis-[Ru(Bpy)2(EtPy)2]2+, (RuEtPy), Bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and EtPy = 4,2-Ethylamino-pyridine) as a potential AChE inhibitor. The classic Ellman's colorimetric assay suggests that the RuEtPy exhibits a high inhibitory activity, following a competitive mechanism, with a remarkable low inhibition constant (Ki ≈ 16.8 μM), together with a IC50 = 39 μM. Hence, we have studied the spatial interactions for this novel candidate towards the human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) using saturation transfer difference (STD)-NMR, in order to describe the mechanism of the interaction. NMR binding-target results shows that the 4,2-Ethylamino-Pyridine group is spatially closer to hAChE surface chemical arrangement than 2,2' bipyridine counterpart, exerting an efficient intermolecular interaction, with a low dissociation constant (KD ≈ 55 μM), probing that 4,2-Ethylamino-pyridine motif plays a key role in the inhibitory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon P Almeida
- Chemistry Department of Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio V C Kock
- Chemistry Department of Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo C R de Jesus
- Chemistry Department of Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Centre, 4.420 Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rose M Carlos
- Chemistry Department of Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Chemistry Department of Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Wall BJ, Will MF, Yawson GK, Bothwell PJ, Platt DC, Apuzzo CF, Jones MA, Ferrence GM, Webb MI. Importance of Hydrogen Bonding: Structure-Activity Relationships of Ruthenium(III) Complexes with Pyridine-Based Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10124-10138. [PMID: 34197109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, where one of the pathological hallmarks of AD is extracellular protein deposits, the primary component of which is the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ). Recently, the soluble form of Aβ has been recognized as the primary neurotoxic species, making it an important target for therapeutic development. Metal-based drugs are promising candidates to target Aβ, as the interactions with the peptide can be tuned by ligand design. In the current study, 11 ruthenium complexes containing pyridine-based ligands were prepared, where the functional groups at the para position on the coordinated pyridine ligand were varied to determine structure-activity relationships. Overall, the complexes with terminal primary amines had the greatest impact on modulating the aggregation of Aβ and diminishing its cytotoxicity. These results identify the importance of specific intermolecular interactions and are critical in the advancement of metal-based drugs for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J Wall
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Mark F Will
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Gideon K Yawson
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Paige J Bothwell
- Core Microscope Facility, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - David C Platt
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - C Fiore Apuzzo
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Marjorie A Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Gregory M Ferrence
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
| | - Michael I Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160, United States
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Bataglioli JC, Gomes LMF, Maunoir C, Smith JR, Cole HD, McCain J, Sainuddin T, Cameron CG, McFarland SA, Storr T. Modification of amyloid-beta peptide aggregation via photoactivation of strained Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7510-7520. [PMID: 34163842 PMCID: PMC8171320 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive and irreversible damage to the brain. One of the hallmarks of the disease is the presence of both soluble and insoluble aggregates of the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide in the brain, and these aggregates are considered central to disease progression. Thus, the development of small molecules capable of modulating Aβ peptide aggregation may provide critical insight into the pathophysiology of AD. In this work we investigate how photoactivation of three distorted Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes (Ru1-3) alters the aggregation profile of the Aβ peptide. Photoactivation of Ru1-3 results in the loss of a 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl (6,6'-dmb) ligand, affording cis-exchangeable coordination sites for binding to the Aβ peptide. Both Ru1 and Ru2 contain an extended planar imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline ligand, as compared to a 2,2'-bipyridine ligand for Ru3, and we show that the presence of the phenanthroline ligand promotes covalent binding to Aβ peptide His residues, and in addition, leads to a pronounced effect on peptide aggregation immediately after photoactivation. Interestingly, all three complexes resulted in a similar aggregate size distribution at 24 h, forming insoluble amorphous aggregates as compared to significant fibril formation for peptide alone. Photoactivation of Ru1-3 in the presence of pre-formed Aβ1-42 fibrils results in a change to amorphous aggregate morphology, with Ru1 and Ru2 forming large amorphous aggregates immediately after activation. Our results show that photoactivation of Ru1-3 in the presence of either monomeric or fibrillar Aβ1-42 results in the formation of large amorphous aggregates as a common endpoint, with Ru complexes incorporating the extended phenanthroline ligand accelerating this process and thereby limiting the formation of oligomeric species in the initial stages of the aggregation process that are reported to show considerable toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza M F Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Camille Maunoir
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Jason R Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
| | - Houston D Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Julia McCain
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia Canada B4P 2R6
| | - Tariq Sainuddin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia Canada B4P 2R6
| | - Colin G Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Sherri A McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas Arlington Texas USA 76019
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University BC Canada V5A-1S6
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15
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Malki Y, Martinez J, Masurier N. 1,3-Diazepine: A privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2247-2315. [PMID: 33645848 DOI: 10.1002/med.21795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Privileged structures have been widely used as effective templates for drug discovery. While benzo-1,4-diazepine constitutes the first historical example of such a structure, the 1,3 analogue is just as rich in terms of applications in medicinal chemistry. The 1,3-diazepine moiety is present in numerous biological active compounds including natural products, and is used to design compounds displaying a large range of biological activities. It is present in the clinically used anticancer compound pentostatin, in several recent FDA approved β-lactamase inhibitors (e.g., avibactam) and also in coformycin, a natural product known as a ring-expanded purine analogue displaying antiviral and anticancer activities. Several other 1,3-diazepine containing compounds have entered into clinical trials. This heterocyclic structure has been and is still widely used in medicinal chemistry to design enzyme inhibitors, GPCR ligands, and so forth. This review endeavours to highlight the main use of the 1,3-diazepine scaffold and its derivatives, and their applications in medicinal chemistry, drug design, and therapy. We will focus more particularly on the development of enzyme inhibitors incorporating this scaffold, with a strong emphasis on the molecular interactions involved in the inhibition mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Malki
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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16
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Tang Y, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Gong X, Chang Y, Ren B, Zheng J. Introduction and Fundamentals of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Inhibitors. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8286-8308. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Tang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
| | - Yanxian Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
| | - Yonglan Liu
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
| | - Xiong Gong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-0301, United States
| | - Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Baiping Ren
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3906, United States
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17
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Structural Isomerism and Enhanced Lipophilicity of Pyrithione Ligands of Organoruthenium(II) Complexes Increase Inhibition on AChE and BuChE. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165628. [PMID: 32781544 PMCID: PMC7460603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases requires the development of new improved drug candidates, possessing the ability of more efficient treatment as well as less unwanted side effects. Cholinesterase enzymes are highly associated with the development of AD and thus represent important druggable targets. Therefore, we have synthesized eight organoruthenium(II) chlorido complexes 1a–h with pyrithione-type ligands (pyrithione = 1-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione, a), bearing either pyrithione a, its methyl (b-e) or bicyclic aromatic analogues (f–h) and tested them for their inhibition towards electric eel acetylcholinesterase (eeAChE) and horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (hsBuChE). The experimental results have shown that the novel complex 1g with the ligand 1-hydroxyquinoline-2-(1H)-thione (g) improves the inhibition towards eeAChE (IC50 = 4.9 μM) and even more potently towards hsBuChE (IC50 = 0.2 μM) in comparison with the referenced 1a. Moreover, computational studies on Torpedo californica AChE have supported the experimental outcomes for 1g, possessing the lowest energy value among all tested complexes and have also predicted several interactions of 1g with the target protein. Consequently, we have shown that the aromatic ring extension of the ligand a, though only at the appropriate position, is a viable strategy to enhance the activity against cholinesterases.
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18
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Metal complexes that bind to the amyloid-β peptide of relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213255
expr 886172045 + 931245952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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19
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Gomes LM, Bataglioli JC, Storr T. Metal complexes that bind to the amyloid-β peptide of relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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20
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Bondžić AM, Lazarević-Pašti TD, Leskovac AR, Petrović SŽ, Čolović MB, Parac-Vogt TN, Janjić GV. A new acetylcholinesterase allosteric site responsible for binding voluminous negatively charged molecules - the role in the mechanism of AChE inhibition. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 151:105376. [PMID: 32492460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are important in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Two inhibitors, 12-tungstosilicic acid (WSiA) and 12-tungstophosphoric acid (WPA), which have polyoxometalate (POM) type structure, have been shown to inhibit AChE activity in nM concentration. Circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that the AChE inhibition was not accompanied by significant changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme. The molecular docking approach has revealed a new allosteric binding site, termed β-allosteric site (β-AS), which is considered responsible for the inhibition of AChE by POMs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a new allosteric site that is considered responsible for AChE inhibition by voluminous and negatively charged molecules such as POMs. The selected POMs were further subjected to genotoxicity testing using human peripheral blood cells as a model system. It was shown that WSiA and WPA induced a mild cytostatic but not genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes, which indicates their potential to be used as medicinal drugs. The identification of non-toxic compounds capable of binding to an allosteric site that so far has not been considered responsible for enzyme inhibition could be fundamental for the development of new drug design strategies and the discovery of more efficient AChE modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Bondžić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences- National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tamara D Lazarević-Pašti
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences- National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andreja R Leskovac
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences- National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sandra Ž Petrović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences- National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana B Čolović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences- National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Goran V Janjić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia.
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21
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Structural and functional characterization of an organometallic ruthenium complex as a potential myorelaxant drug. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110161. [PMID: 32380389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to antibacterial and antitumor effects, synthetic ruthenium complexes have been reported to inhibit several medicinally important enzymes, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE). They may also interact with muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and thus affect the neuromuscular transmission and muscle function. In the present study, the effects of the organometallic ruthenium complex of 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (nitrophen) were evaluated on these systems. The organoruthenium-nitrophen complex [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(nitrophen)Cl]Cl; C22H21Cl2N3O2Ru (C1-Cl) was synthesized, structurally characterized and evaluated in vitro for its inhibitory activity against electric eel acetylcholinesterase (eeAChE), human recombinant acetylcholinesterase (hrAChE), horse serum butyrylcholinesterase (hsBChE) and horse liver glutathione-S-transferase. The physiological effects of C1-Cl were then studied on isolated mouse phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm muscle preparations, by means of single twitch measurements and electrophysiological recordings. The compound C1-Cl acted as a competitive inhibitor of eeAChE, hrAChE and hsBChE with concentrations producing 50 % inhibition (IC50) of enzyme activity ranging from 16 to 26 μM. Moreover, C1-Cl inhibited the nerve-evoked isometric muscle contraction (IC50 = 19.44 μM), without affecting the directly-evoked muscle single twitch up to 40 μM. The blocking effect of C1-Cl was rapid and almost completely reversed by neostigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. The endplate potentials were also inhibited by C1-Cl in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 7.6 μM) without any significant change in the resting membrane potential of muscle fibers up to 40 μM. Finally, C1-Cl (5-40 μM) decreased (i) the amplitude of miniature endplate potentials until a complete block by concentrations higher than 25 μM and (ii) their frequency at 10 μM or higher concentrations. The compound C1-Cl reversibly blocked the neuromuscular transmission in vitro by a non-depolarizing mechanism and mainly through an action on postsynaptic nAChRs. The compound C1-Cl may be therefore interesting for further preclinical testing as a new competitive neuromuscular blocking, and thus myorelaxant, drug.
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22
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Bondžić AM, Senćanski MV, Vujačić Nikezić AV, Kirillova MV, André V, Kirillov AM, Bondžić BP. Aminoalcoholate-driven tetracopper(II) cores as dual acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: Experimental and theoretical elucidation of mechanism of action. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 205:110990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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23
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Ganeshpurkar A, Swetha R, Kumar D, Gangaram GP, Singh R, Gutti G, Jana S, Kumar D, Kumar A, Singh SK. Protein-Protein Interactions and Aggregation Inhibitors in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:501-533. [PMID: 30836921 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190304153353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a multifaceted disorder, involves complex pathophysiology and plethora of protein-protein interactions. Thus such interactions can be exploited to develop anti-AD drugs. OBJECTIVE The interaction of dynamin-related protein 1, cellular prion protein, phosphoprotein phosphatase 2A and Mint 2 with amyloid β, etc., studied recently, may have critical role in progression of the disease. Our objective has been to review such studies and their implications in design and development of drugs against the Alzheimer's disease. METHODS Such studies have been reviewed and critically assessed. RESULTS Review has led to show how such studies are useful to develop anti-AD drugs. CONCLUSION There are several PPIs which are current topics of research including Drp1, Aβ interactions with various targets including PrPC, Fyn kinase, NMDAR and mGluR5 and interaction of Mint2 with PDZ domain, etc., and thus have potential role in neurodegeneration and AD. Finally, the multi-targeted approach in AD may be fruitful and opens a new vista for identification and targeting of PPIs in various cellular pathways to find a cure for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Ganeshpurkar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rayala Swetha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gore P Gangaram
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ravi Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gopichand Gutti
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Srabanti Jana
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sushil K Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, India
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24
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Sales TA, Prandi IG, Castro AAD, Leal DHS, Cunha EFFD, Kuca K, Ramalho TC. Recent Developments in Metal-Based Drugs and Chelating Agents for Neurodegenerative Diseases Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081829. [PMID: 31013856 PMCID: PMC6514778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain has a unique biological complexity and is responsible for important functions in the human body, such as the command of cognitive and motor functions. Disruptive disorders that affect this organ, e.g. neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), can lead to permanent damage, impairing the patients' quality of life and even causing death. In spite of their clinical diversity, these NDDs share common characteristics, such as the accumulation of specific proteins in the cells, the compromise of the metal ion homeostasis in the brain, among others. Despite considerable advances in understanding the mechanisms of these diseases and advances in the development of treatments, these disorders remain uncured. Considering the diversity of mechanisms that act in NDDs, a wide range of compounds have been developed to act by different means. Thus, promising compounds with contrasting properties, such as chelating agents and metal-based drugs have been proposed to act on different molecular targets as well as to contribute to the same goal, which is the treatment of NDDs. This review seeks to discuss the different roles and recent developments of metal-based drugs, such as metal complexes and metal chelating agents as a proposal for the treatment of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Sales
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Ingrid G Prandi
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre A de Castro
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Daniel H S Leal
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus/ES, 29932-540, Brazil.
| | - Elaine F F da Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic..
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Czech Republic.
| | - Teodorico C Ramalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras/MG, 37200-000, Brazil.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Czech Republic..
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25
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Demirbaş Ü, Barut B, Yalçın İ, Değirmencioğlu İ, Yıldırmış S, Özel A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Investigation of Cholinesterase Inhibitory Properties of Novel Phthalocyanines. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ümit Demirbaş
- Faculty of Science, Department of ChemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
| | - Burak Barut
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
| | - İzzet Yalçın
- Faculty of Science, Department of ChemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
| | - İsmail Değirmencioğlu
- Faculty of Science, Department of ChemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
| | - Sermet Yıldırmış
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
| | - Arzu Özel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of BiochemistryKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon 61080 Turkey
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26
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Ristovski S, Uzelac M, Kljun J, Lipec T, Uršič M, Zemljič Jokhadar Š, Žužek MC, Trobec T, Frangež R, Sepčić K, Turel I. Organoruthenium Prodrugs as a New Class of Cholinesterase and Glutathione-S-Transferase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2166-2176. [PMID: 30126080 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A small library of 17 organoruthenium compounds with the general formula [RuII (fcl)(chel)(L)]n+ (in which fcl=face capping ligand, chel=chelating bidentate ligand, and L=monodentate ligand) were screened for inhibitory activity against cholinesterases and glutathione-S-transferases of human and animal origins. Compounds were selected to include different chelating ligands (i.e., N,N-, N,O-, O,O-, S,O-) and monodentate ligands that can modulate the aquation rate of the metal species. Compounds with a labile ruthenium chloride bond that provided rapid aquation were found to inhibit both sets of enzymes in reversible competitive modes and at pharmaceutically relevant concentrations. When applied at concentrations that completely abolish the activity of human acetylcholinesterase, the lead compound [(η6 -p-cymene)Ru(pyrithionato)Cl] (C1 a) showed no undesirable physiological responses on the neuromuscular system. Finally, C1 a was not cytotoxic against non-transformed cells at pharmaceutically relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ristovski
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Monika Uzelac
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Lipec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matija Uršič
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Zemljič Jokhadar
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Monika C Žužek
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Trobec
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Frangež
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Turel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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27
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Vyas NA, Singh SB, Kumbhar AS, Ranade DS, Walke GR, Kulkarni PP, Jani V, Sonavane UB, Joshi RR, Rapole S. Acetylcholinesterase and Aβ Aggregation Inhibition by Heterometallic Ruthenium(II)-Platinum(II) Polypyridyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7524-7535. [PMID: 29893118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two heteronuclear ruthenium(II)-platinum(II) complexes [Ru(bpy)2(BPIMBp)PtCl2]2+ (3) and [Ru(phen)2(BPIMBp)PtCl2]2+ (4), where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and BPIMBp = 1,4'-bis[(2-pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl]-1,1'-biphenyl, have been designed and synthesized from their mononuclear precursors [Ru(bpy)2(BPIMBp)]2+ (1) and [Ru(phen)2(BPIMBp)]2+ (2) as multitarget molecules for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The inclusion of the cis-PtCl2 moiety facilitates the covalent interaction of Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes with amyloid β (Aβ) peptide. These multifunctional complexes act as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Aβ aggregation, and Cu-induced oxidative stress and protect neuronal cells against Aβ-toxicity. The study highlights the design of metal based anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilima A Vyas
- Department of Chemistry , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Sushma B Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Avinash S Kumbhar
- Department of Chemistry , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Dnyanesh S Ranade
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411004 , India
| | - Gulshan R Walke
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411004 , India
| | - Prasad P Kulkarni
- Bioprospecting Group, Agharkar Research Institute , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411004 , India
| | - Vinod Jani
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Uddhavesh B Sonavane
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Rajendra R Joshi
- Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Sciences , Savitribai Phule Pune University , Pune - 411007 , India
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28
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Amyloid β-targeted metal complexes for potential applications in Alzheimer's disease. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:679-701. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently an incurable neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people around the world. The aggregation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ), one of the primary pathological hallmarks of AD, plays a key role in the AD pathogenesis. In this regard, Aβ aggregates have been considered as both biomarkers and drug targets for the diagnosis and therapy of AD. Various Aβ-targeted metal complexes have exhibited promising potential as anti-AD agents due to their fascinating physicochemical properties over the past two decades. This review classifies the complexes into three groups based on their potential applications in AD including therapy, diagnosis and theranosis. The recent representative examples are highlighted in terms of design rationale, working mechanism and potential applications.
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29
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Synthesis and activity towards Alzheimer's disease in vitro: Tacrine, phenolic acid and ligustrazine hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:238-254. [PMID: 29466774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel tacrine-phenolic acid dihybrids and tacrine-phenolic acid-ligustrazine trihybrids were synthesized, characterized and screened as novel potential anti-Alzheimer drug candidates. These compounds showed potent inhibition activity towards cholinesterases (ChEs), among of them, 9i was the most potent one towards acetylcholinesterase (eeAChE, IC50 = 3.9 nM; hAChE, IC50 = 65.2 nM). 9i could also effectively block β-amyloid (Aβ) self-aggregation with an inhibition ratio of 47% at 20 μM. In addition, its strong anti-oxidation activity could protect PC12 cells from CoCl2-damage in the experimental condition while no neurotoxicity. Furthermore, its hepatotoxicity was lower than tacrine in vitro and in vivo. Kinetic and molecular modeling studies revealed that 9i worked in a mixed-type way, could interact simultaneously with catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. Therefore, 9i was a promising multifunctional candidate for the treatment of AD.
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30
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Son G, Lee BI, Chung YJ, Park CB. Light-triggered dissociation of self-assembled β-amyloid aggregates into small, nontoxic fragments by ruthenium (II) complex. Acta Biomater 2018; 67:147-155. [PMID: 29221856 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides into highly stable plaques is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we report visible light-driven dissociation of β-sheet-rich Aβ aggregates into small, nontoxic fragments using ruthenium (II) complex {[Ru(bpy)3]2+} that functions as a highly sensitive, biocompatible, photoresponsive anti-Aβ agent. According to our multiple analyses using thioflavin T, bicinchoninic acid, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, circular dichroism, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, [Ru(bpy)3]2+ successfully disassembled Aβ aggregates by destabilizing the β-sheet secondary structure under illumination of white light-emitting diode light. We validated that photoexcited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ causes oxidative damages of Aβ peptides, resulting in the dissociation of Aβ aggregates. The efficacy of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ is attributed to reactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, generated from [Ru(bpy)3]2+ that absorbed photon energy in the visible range. Furthermore, photoexcited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ strongly inhibited the self-assembly of Aβ monomers even at concentrations as low as 1 nM and reduced the cytotoxicity of Aβ aggregates. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Alzheimer's disease is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease, affecting more than 13% of the population over age 65. Over the last decades, researchers have focused on understanding the mechanism of amyloid formation, the hallmark of various amyloid diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. In this paper, we successfully demonstrate the dissociation of β-Amyloid (Aβ) aggregates into small, less-amyloidic fragments by photoexcited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ through destabilization of β-sheet secondary structure. We validated the light-triggered dissociation of amyloid structure using multiple analytical tools. Furthermore, we confirmed that photoexcited [Ru(bpy)3]2+ reduces cytotoxicity of Aβ aggregates. Our work should open a new horizon in the study of Alzheimer's amyloid aggregation by showing the potential of photoexcited dye molecules as an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease in future.
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31
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Arslan T, Keleş T, Barut B, Özel A, Biyiklioglu Z. Synthesis of novel monostyryl and distyryl boron dipyrromethenes bearing 4-((2-hydroxyethyl)(methyl)amino group as cholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibitors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Haribabu J, Ranade DS, Bhuvanesh NSP, Kulkarni PP, Karvembu R. Ru(II)-p
-cymene Thiosemicarbazone Complexes as Inhibitors of Amyloid β (Aβ) Peptide Aggregation and Aβ-Induced Cytotoxicity. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
| | - Dnyanesh S. Ranade
- Bioprospecting Group; Agharkar Research Institute; G. G. Agarkar Road Pune 411004 India
| | | | - Prasad P. Kulkarni
- Bioprospecting Group; Agharkar Research Institute; G. G. Agarkar Road Pune 411004 India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
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33
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Sundaraneedi MK, Tedla BA, Eichenberger RM, Becker L, Pickering D, Smout MJ, Rajan S, Wangchuk P, Keene FR, Loukas A, Collins JG, Pearson MS. Polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes exert anti-schistosome activity and inhibit parasite acetylcholinesterases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0006134. [PMID: 29240773 PMCID: PMC5746282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis affects over 200 million people and there are concerns whether the current chemotherapeutic control strategy (periodic mass drug administration with praziquantel (PZQ)-the only licenced anti-schistosome compound) is sustainable, necessitating the development of new drugs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We investigated the anti-schistosome efficacy of polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes and showed they were active against all intra-mammalian stages of S. mansoni. Two compounds, Rubb12-tri and Rubb7-tnl, which were among the most potent in their ability to kill schistosomula and adult worms and inhibit egg hatching in vitro, were assessed for their efficacy in a mouse model of schistosomiasis using 5 consecutive daily i.v. doses of 2 mg/kg (Rubb12-tri) and 10 mg/kg (Rubb7-tnl). Mice treated with Rubb12-tri showed an average 42% reduction (P = 0.009), over two independent trials, in adult worm burden. Liver egg burdens were not significantly decreased in either drug-treated group but ova from both of these groups showed significant decreases in hatching ability (Rubb12-tri-68%, Rubb7-tnl-56%) and were significantly morphologically altered (Rubb12-tri-62% abnormal, Rubb7-tnl-35% abnormal). We hypothesize that the drugs exerted their activity, at least partially, through inhibition of both neuronal and tegumental acetylcholinesterases (AChEs), as worms treated in vitro showed significant decreases in activity of these enzymes. Further, treated parasites exhibited a significantly decreased ability to uptake glucose, significantly depleted glycogen stores and withered tubercules (a site of glycogen storage), implying drug-mediated interference in this nutrient acquisition pathway. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our data provide compelling evidence that ruthenium complexes are effective against all intra-mammalian stages of schistosomes, including schistosomula (refractory to PZQ) and eggs (agents of disease transmissibility). Further, the results of this study suggest that schistosome AChE is a target of ruthenium drugs, a finding that can inform modification of current compounds to identify analogues which are even more effective and selective against schistosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu K. Sundaraneedi
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Bemnet A. Tedla
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ramon M. Eichenberger
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luke Becker
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Darren Pickering
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael J. Smout
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Siji Rajan
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - F. Richard Keene
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - J. Grant Collins
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Mark S. Pearson
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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34
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Sundaraneedi M, Eichenberger RM, Al-Hallaf R, Yang D, Sotillo J, Rajan S, Wangchuk P, Giacomin PR, Keene FR, Loukas A, Collins JG, Pearson MS. Polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes exert in vitro and in vivo nematocidal activity and show significant inhibition of parasite acetylcholinesterases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2017; 8:1-7. [PMID: 29207309 PMCID: PMC5724747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Over 4.5 billion people are at risk of infection with soil transmitted helminths and there are concerns about the development of resistance to the handful of frontline nematocides in endemic populations. We investigated the anti-nematode efficacy of a series of polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes and showed they were active against L3 and adult stages of Trichuris muris, the rodent homologue of the causative agent of human trichuriasis, T. trichiura. One of the compounds, Rubb12-mono, which was among the most potent in its ability to kill L3 (IC50 = 3.1 ± 0.4 μM) and adult (IC50 = 5.2 ± 0.3 μM) stage worms was assessed for efficacy in a mouse model of trichuriasis by administering 3 consecutive daily oral doses of the drug 3 weeks post infection with the murine whipworm Trichuris muris. Mice treated with Rubb12-mono showed an average 66% reduction (P = 0.015) in faecal egg count over two independent trials. The drugs partially exerted their activity through inhibition of acetylcholinesterases, as worms treated in vitro and in vivo showed significant decreases in the activity of this class of enzymes. Our data show that ruthenium complexes are effective against T. muris, a model gastro-intestinal nematode and soil-transmitted helminth. Further, knowledge of the target of ruthenium drugs can facilitate modification of current compounds to identify analogues which are even more effective and selective against Trichuris and other helminths of human and veterinary importance. The effect of ruthenium complexes on Trichuris muris parasites were investigated. The drugs killed L3 and adult worms in vitro at low micromolar concentrations. The compounds partially exerted activity through acetylcholinesterase inhibition. When given to infected mice, Rubb12-mono significantly reduced parasite burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Sundaraneedi
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW (ADFA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2612, Australia
| | - Ramon M Eichenberger
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - Rafid Al-Hallaf
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - Dai Yang
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - Javier Sotillo
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - Siji Rajan
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW (ADFA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2612, Australia
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - Paul R Giacomin
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - F Richard Keene
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia; School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia
| | - J Grant Collins
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW (ADFA), Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2612, Australia
| | - Mark S Pearson
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, 4878, Australia.
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35
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Banik D, Kundu S, Banerjee P, Dutta R, Sarkar N. Investigation of Fibril Forming Mechanisms of l-Phenylalanine and l-Tyrosine: Microscopic Insight toward Phenylketonuria and Tyrosinemia Type II. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:1533-1543. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Banik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Sangita Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Pavel Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Rupam Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
| | - Nilmoni Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, WB, India
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36
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Gong G, Wang W, Du W. Binuclear ruthenium complexes inhibit the fibril formation of human islet amyloid polypeptide. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28107a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Binuclear ruthenium complexes reverse the aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehui Gong
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing
- China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing
- China
| | - Weihong Du
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing
- China
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37
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Silva DES, Cali MP, Pazin WM, Carlos-Lima E, Salles Trevisan MT, Venâncio T, Arcisio-Miranda M, Ito AS, Carlos RM. Luminescent Ru(II) Phenanthroline Complexes as a Probe for Real-Time Imaging of Aβ Self-Aggregation and Therapeutic Applications in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Med Chem 2016; 59:9215-9227. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debora E. S. Silva
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Mariana P. Cali
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Wallance M. Pazin
- Departamento de
Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Estevão Carlos-Lima
- Departamento
de Biofísica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Salles Trevisan
- Departamento
de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Ceará Fortaleza, 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Manoel Arcisio-Miranda
- Departamento
de Biofísica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Amando S. Ito
- Departamento de
Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Rose M. Carlos
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
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38
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Vyas NA, Ramteke SN, Kumbhar AS, Kulkarni PP, Jani V, Sonawane UB, Joshi RR, Joshi B, Erxleben A. Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes with hydrophobic ancillary ligand as Aβ aggregation inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:793-802. [PMID: 27406812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, spectral and electrochemical characterization of the complexes of the type [Ru(NN)2(txbg)](2+) where NN is 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) (1), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) (2), dipyrido [3,2-d:2',3f] quinoxaline (dpq) (3), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz) (4) which incorporate the tetra-xylene bipyridine glycoluril (txbg) as the ancillary ligand are described in detail. Crystal structures of ligand txbg and complex 2 were solved by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results indicated that at micromolar concentration all complexes exhibit significant potential of Aβ aggregation inhibition, while the ligand txbg displayed weak activity towards Aβ aggregation. Complex 1 showed relatively low inhibition (70%) while complexes 2-4 inhibited nearly 100% Aβ aggregation after 240 h of incubation. The similar potential of complexes 2-4 and absence of any trend in their activity with the planarity of polypyridyl ligands suggests there is no marked effect of planarity of coligands on their inhibitory potential. Further studies on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition indicated very weak activity of these complexes against AChE. Detailed interactions of Aβ with both ligand and complex 2 have been studied by molecular modeling. Complex 2 showed interactions involving all three polypyridyl ligands with hydrophobic region of Aβ. Furthermore, the toxicity of these complexes towards human neuroblastoma cells was evaluated by MTT assay and except complex 4, the complexes displayed very low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilima A Vyas
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | | | - Avinash S Kumbhar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
| | | | - Vinod Jani
- Bioinformatics Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Uddhavesh B Sonawane
- Bioinformatics Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Rajendra R Joshi
- Bioinformatics Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Bimba Joshi
- Bioprospecting, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, 411004, India
| | - Andrea Erxleben
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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39
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Stark MJ, Shaw MJ, Rath NP, Bauer EB. Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Catalytic Activity of Indenyl Tris(
N
‐pyrrolyl)phosphine Complexes of Ruthenium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Stark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA, http://www.eike‐bauer.net
| | - Michael J. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL 62025, USA
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA, http://www.eike‐bauer.net
- Center for Nanoscience, University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eike B. Bauer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri – St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA, http://www.eike‐bauer.net
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40
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Laramée-Milette B, Hanan GS. Ruthenium bistridentate complexes with non-symmetrical hexahydro-pyrimidopyrimidine ligands: a structural and theoretical investigation of their optical and electrochemical properties. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:12507-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02408d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The optical and electronic properties of six Ru complexes with non-symmetrical tridentate ligands have been investigated and, as corroborated by electrochemical data, the presence of the hpp ligand strongly affects the oxidation potential of the metal ion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Garry S. Hanan
- Département de Chimie
- Université de Montréal
- Montréal
- Canada
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42
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Lu L, Zhong HJ, Wang M, Ho SL, Li HW, Leung CH, Ma DL. Inhibition of Beta-Amyloid Fibrillation by Luminescent Iridium(III) Complex Probes. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14619. [PMID: 26419607 PMCID: PMC4588514 DOI: 10.1038/srep14619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the application of kinetically inert luminescent iridium(III) complexes as dual inhibitors and probes of beta-amyloid fibrillogenesis. These iridium(III) complexes inhibited Aβ1–40 peptide aggregation in vitro, and protected against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal cells. Furthermore, the complexes differentiated between the aggregated and unaggregated forms of Aβ1–40 peptide on the basis of their emission response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Jing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Modi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - See-Lok Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Wing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
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43
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Editorial of Special Issue Ruthenium Complex: The Expanding Chemistry of the Ruthenium Complexes. Molecules 2015; 20:17244-74. [PMID: 26393560 PMCID: PMC6332046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent trends in Ru complex chemistry are surveyed with emphasis on the development of anticancer drugs and applications in catalysis, polymers, materials science and nanotechnology.
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Wang X, Zhu D, Zhao C, He L, Du W. Inhibitory effects of NAMI-A-like ruthenium complexes on prion neuropeptide fibril formation. Metallomics 2015; 7:837-46. [PMID: 25856332 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of infectious and fatal neurodegenerative disorders caused by the conformational conversion of a cellular prion protein (PrP) into its abnormal isoform PrP(Sc). PrP106-126 resembles PrP(Sc) in terms of physicochemical and biological characteristics and is used as a common model for the treatment of prion diseases. Inhibitory effects on fibril formation and neurotoxicity of the prion neuropeptide PrP106-126 have been investigated using metal complexes as potential inhibitors. Nevertheless, the binding mechanism between metal complexes and the peptide remains unclear. The present study is focused on the interaction of PrP106-126 with NAMI-A and NAMI-A-like ruthenium complexes, including KP418, KP1019, and KP1019-2. Results demonstrated that these ruthenium complexes could bind to PrP106-126 in a distinctive binding mode through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. NAMI-A-like ruthenium complexes can also effectively inhibit the aggregation and fibril formation of PrP106-126. The complex KP1019 demonstrated the optimal inhibitory ability upon peptide aggregation, and cytotoxicity because of its large aromatic ligand contribution. The studied complexes could also regulate the copper redox chemistry of PrP106-126 and effectually inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species. Given these findings, ruthenium complexes with relatively low cellular toxicity may be used to develop potential pharmaceutical products against prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Ma L, Fu Y, Yu L, Li X, Zheng W, Chen T. Ruthenium complexes as inhibitors of human islet amyloid polypeptide aggregation, an effect that prevents beta cell apoptosis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15152f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we show that ruthenium complexes could inhibit fibrosis of hIAPP and protect the hIAPP-induced cell damage by suppressing ROS generation, indicating the application potential of the complexes in treatment of T2DM by targeting hIAPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Yuanting Fu
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Lianling Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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