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Oh Y, An DE, Park J, Koh B, Cho KJ, Jeon H. Synthesis and evaluation of KX-01 analogs with an exploration of linker attachment points for antibody-drug conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2025; 120:130114. [PMID: 39880175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2025.130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2024] [Revised: 12/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
KX-01 (tirbanibulin, Klisyri®) is a recently FDA-approved drug for treating actinic keratosis, with a distinct dual mechanism of action combining microtubule disruption and non-ATP-competitive Src inhibition. This unique mechanism and novel chemotype highlight KX-01's potential as a payload for antibody-drug conjugates. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated KX-01 derivatives to enhance anticancer potency and explore functional groups suitable for antibody conjugation. Notably, replacing the morpholine group with an N-benzoylpiperazine scaffold resulted in an analog with significantly improved in vitro antiproliferative activity, attributed to enhanced microtubule disruption and Src inhibition. Furthermore, introducing a phenol or aniline functionality as a common linker attachment point preserved substantial cytotoxicity. These results suggest the potential of KX-01 derivatives for future use as ADC payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeju Oh
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea; Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Da Eun An
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebeom Park
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea
| | - Byumseok Koh
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea; Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Cho
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea.
| | - Hongjun Jeon
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114 Republic of Korea; Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea.
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2
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Li T, Yu X, Wan X, Liu J, Zheng J, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Chen J, Chen H, Yang Y, Jiang B. Exploiting synthetic lethality in PDAC with antibody drug conjugates and ATR inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2025; 286:117305. [PMID: 39874630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Revised: 01/10/2025] [Accepted: 01/18/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal malignancy with poor prognosis. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and their combinations with various anti-tumor drugs have made great progress. Camptothecin, and its derivatives (Dxd, SN-38 or exatecan) targeted TOP1 are effective payloads due to their potent anti-tumor activity. ADCs offer a promising avenue, particularly when integrated with synthetic lethality strategies. In this study, the ADC SA-7-49 is engineered by conjugating exatecan to an anti-TROP2 antibody. The synthetic lethality between camptothecin and the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and rad3-related (ATR) inhibitors in PDAC cells has been identified through a comprehensive screening of DNA damage response pathways. Drug interactions are quantified using Zero interaction potency (ZIP) scores. RNA sequencing is employed to elucidate the mechanisms driving synergistic effects. ATR inhibitors synergize with camptothecin by inducing apoptosis via ATR-Chk1 pathway inhibition. Knockdown of ATR enhances the sensitivity of PDAC cells to camptothecin and SA-7-49. SA-7-49 selectively targets and eradicates PDAC cells and xenografts without side effects, augmenting anti-tumor activity via synthetic lethality. Our findings reveal a novel therapeutic strategy by integrating ADC technology with synthetic lethality in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xianqiang Yu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xinyao Wan
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ziyu Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jiakang Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Yifeng Yang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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3
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Zhao YC, Yan LQ, Xu Y. Recent advances of selenized tubulin inhibitors in cancer therapy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2025; 116:130037. [PMID: 39581555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.130037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 11/17/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment always a huge challenge amidst the resistance and relapse caused by the various treatments. Inhibitors targeting mitosis have been considered as promising therapeutic drugs in clinic, of which tubulins play an important role. Selenium (Se) as an essential microelement in humans and animals, playing a crucial role in the formation of anti-oxidase (glutathione peroxidase) and selenoprotein, also attracted broad attention in cancer therapy. Because the introduction of Se atom could change the length and angle of chemical bond and alter their functional properties, regulating selenized chemotherapeutics has become one of the hot spots. However, little attention has been paid to studying the combination of Se and tubulin inhibitors. Herein, we review the latest research results of selenized tubulin inhibitors in cancer therapy, including its mechanisms, categories and biological activities, providing a theoretical basis for different selenized microtubules inhibitors therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Liang-Qing Yan
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou 317600, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, China.
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4
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Fantacuzzi M, Carradori S, Giampietro L, Maccallini C, De Filippis B, Amoroso R, Ammazzalorso A. A novel life for antitumor combretastatins: Recent developments of hybrids, prodrugs, combination therapies, and antibody-drug conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2025; 281:117021. [PMID: 39500065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.117021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2024] [Revised: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 12/02/2024]
Abstract
Since their discovery from natural sources, the potent cytotoxic effects of combretastatins were widely studied for the application in antitumor therapy. However, major pharmacokinetic issues as low water solubility and chemical instability of the double bond configuration prevented their use in therapy. A lot of efforts have been directed towards the search of novel strategies, allowing a safer use of combretastatins as anticancer agents. This review analyses the recent landscape in combretastatin research, characterized by the identification of hybrids, prodrugs, and novel combination treatments. Interestingly, the potent cytotoxic agent combretastatin A4 (CA4) was recently proposed as payload in the construction of novel antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), allowing an efficient targeting of the cytotoxic agent to specific tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialuigia Fantacuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Letizia Giampietro
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosa Amoroso
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ammazzalorso
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
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5
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Mao Y, Wei D, Fu F, Wang H, Sun Z, Huang Z, Wang Y, Zhang G, Zhang X, Jiang B, Chen H. Development of a MMAE-based antibody-drug conjugate targeting B7-H3 for glioblastoma. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115489. [PMID: 37235999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
B7-H3 (immunoregulatory protein B7-homologue 3) is overexpressed in many cancer cells with limited expression in normal tissues, considered to be a promising target for tumor therapeutics. Clinical trials of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) against different targets for glioblastoma have been investigated and showed potent efficacies. In this study, we developed a homogeneous ADC 401-4 with a drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) of 4, which was prepared by conjugation of Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) to a humanized anti-B7-H3 mAb 401, through a divinylsulfonamide-mediated disulfide re-bridging approach. In vitro studies, 401-4 displayed specific killing against B7-H3-expressing tumors and was more effective in cells with higher levels of B7-H3 for different glioblastoma cells. 401-4 was furthered labeled with Cy5.5 to yield a fluorescent conjugate 401-4-Cy5.5. The in vivo imaging studies showed that the conjugate accumulated in tumor regions and exhibited the ability to target-specific delivery. In addition, significant antitumor activities for 401-4 was observed against U87-derived tumor xenografts in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Mao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ding Wei
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Fengqing Fu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, NO.178 Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215000, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ziyu Sun
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, NO.178 Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, NO.899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, NO.178 Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, NO.178 Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215000, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Suzhou Bright Scistar Antibody Biotech. Co., Ltd, Block 7, NO.17 ChangPing Road, Suzhou, 215152, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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6
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Li Y, Gao Y, Pan Z, Jia F, Xu C, Cui X, Wang X, Wu Y. Fabrication of Poly Dopamine@poly (Lactic Acid-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanohybrids for Cancer Therapy via a Triple Collaboration Strategy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1447. [PMID: 37176991 PMCID: PMC10180254 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor among women and has a higher risk of early recurrence, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. Systemic chemotherapy is still the most widely used treatment for patients with breast cancer. However, unavoidable side effects and acquired resistance severely limit the efficacy of treatment. The multi-drug combination strategy has been identified as an effective tumor therapy pattern. In this investigation, we demonstrated a triple collaboration strategy of incorporating the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and anti-angiogenesis agent combretastatin A4 (CA4) into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-based co-delivery nanohybrids (PLGA/DC NPs) via an improved double emulsion technology, and then a polydopamine (PDA) was modified on the PLGA/DC NPs' surface through the self-assembly method for photothermal therapy. In the drug-loaded PDA co-delivery nanohybrids (PDA@PLGA/DC NPs), DOX and CA4 synergistically induced tumor cell apoptosis by interfering with DNA replication and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, respectively. The controlled release of DOX and CA4-loaded PDA@PLGA NPs in the tumor region was pH dependent and triggered by the hyperthermia generated via laser irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that PDA@PLGA/DC NPs enhanced cytotoxicity under laser irradiation, and combined therapeutic effects were obtained when DOX, CA4, and PDA were integrated into a single nanoplatform. Taken together, the present study demonstrates a nanoplatform for combined DOX, CA4, and photothermal therapy, providing a potentially promising strategy for the synergistic treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Li
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yujuan Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zian Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenlu Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190, China; (Y.G.); (Z.P.); (F.J.); (C.X.); (X.C.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wei D, Jiang Y, Mao Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Gao X, Li J, Jiang B, Chen H. Phenyldivinylsulfonamides for the construction of antibody-drug conjugates with controlled four payloads. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106463. [PMID: 36924655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Phenyldivinylsulfonamides emerged from a series of divinylsulfonamides, demonstrating their ability to effectively re-bridge disulfide bonds. This kind of linkers was attached to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) and further conjugated with a model antibody, trastuzumab. After optimization, the linker 20 can deliver stable and highly homogenous DAR (Drug-to-Antibody Ratio) four antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). The method was also applicable for other IgG1 antibodies to obtain ADCs with controlled four payloads. Moreover, the MMAE-bearing ADC is potent, selective and efficacious against target cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wei
- Green Chemical Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yuecheng Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Yurong Mao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Zili Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Jiakang Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Xiuxia Gao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jiusheng Li
- Green Chemical Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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8
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Wei D, Mao Y, Wang H, Qu S, Chen J, Li J, Jiang B, Chen H. A mild phenoxysilyl linker for self-immolative release of antibody-drug conjugates. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Guo K, Ma X, Li J, Zhang C, Wu L. Recent advances in combretastatin A-4 codrugs for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 241:114660. [PMID: 35964428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CA4 is a potent microtubule polymerization inhibitor and vascular disrupting agent. However, the in vivo efficiency of CA4 is limited owing to its poor pharmacokinetics resulting from its high lipophilicity and low water solubility. To improve the water solubility, CA4 phosphate (CA4P) has been developed and shows potent antivascular and antitumor effects. CA4P had been evaluated as a vascular disrupting agent in previousc linical trials. However, it had been discontinued due to the lack of a meaningful improvement in progression-free survival and unfavorable partial response data. Codrug is a drug design approach to chemically bind two or more drugs to improve therapeutic efficiency or decrease adverse effects. This review describes the progress made over the last twenty years in developing CA4-based codrugs to improve the therapeutic profile and achieve targeted delivery to cancer tissues. It also discusses the existing problems and the developmental prospects of CA4 codrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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10
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Wei D, Mao Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Li J, Jiang B, Chen H. Site-specific construction of triptolide-based antibody-drug conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 51:116497. [PMID: 34794002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerging as efficient agents to target deliver cytotoxic drugs and reduce their off-target side effects. Triptolide has attracted attention to be used in ADC development. Herein, three rationally designed triptolide drug-linkers have been synthesized for use in site-specific construction of ADCs. Carbamates that were supposed to be more stable than carbonates were introduced to attach triptolide to the linkers. PEG and discrete PEG chains were incorporated to improve the hydrophilicity of drug-linkers. The ADCs were finally site-specifically prepared by conjugation of the drug-linkers to trastuzumab through disulfide re-bridging approach. The preliminary anti-tumor activities of these ADCs were evaluated and they displayed high potencies against HER2-targeted cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wei
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yurong Mao
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zili Xu
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiakang Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jiusheng Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Hongli Chen
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China.
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11
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Anticancer properties of indole derivatives as IsoCombretastatin A-4 analogues. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113656. [PMID: 34171660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a variety of original ligands related to Combretastatin A-4 and isoCombretastatin A-4, able to inhibit the tubulin polymerization into microtubules, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Our lead compound 15d having a quinazoline as A-ring and a 2-substituted indole as B-ring separated by a N-methyl linker displayed a remarkable sub-nanomolar level of cytotoxicity (IC50 < 1 nM) against 9 human cancer cell lines.
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