1
|
Jang S, Taber A, Bateman MG, Steiner ME, Ameduri RK, Griselli M. 1p36 Deletion Syndrome and Left Ventricular Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy-Two Cases Report. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:653633. [PMID: 34164357 PMCID: PMC8215124 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.653633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1p36 deletion is the most common terminal deletion syndrome in humans. Herein, we report two cases, a 5-month-old female and a 14.5-year-old female, both with 1p36 deletion and left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. They presented with severely depressed left ventricle function and underwent heart transplantation with excellent outcomes. Given the incidence of heart defects and cardiomyopathy in 1p36 deletion syndrome, it should be recommended that children with this genetic condition have screening for cardiac disease. These cases add to the current literature by demonstrating the potential therapeutic options for non-compaction in 1p36 deletion syndrome and showed the favorable outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subin Jang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Allison Taber
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Michael G Bateman
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Marie E Steiner
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Rebecca K Ameduri
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Massimo Griselli
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Greco M, Ferrara P, Farello G, Striano P, Verrotti A. Electroclinical features of epilepsy associated with 1p36 deletion syndrome: A review. Epilepsy Res 2017; 139:92-101. [PMID: 29212048 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
1p36 terminal deletion is a recently recognized syndrome with multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability. It occurs approximately in 1 out of 5000 to 10,000 live births and is the most common subtelomeric microdeletion observed in human. Medical problems commonly caused by terminal deletions of 1p36 include developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, vision problems, hearing loss, short stature, brain anomalies, congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, renal anomalies and distinctive facial features. Although the syndrome is considered clinically recognizable, there is significant phenotypic variation among affected individuals. Genotype-phenotype correlation in this syndrome is complicated, because of the similar clinical evidence seen in patients with different deletion sizes. We review 34 scientific articles from 1996 to 2016 that described 315 patients with 1p36 delection syndrome. The aim of this review is to find a correlation between size of the 1p36-deleted segments and the neurological clinical phenotypes with the analysis of electro-clinical patterns associated with chromosomal aberrations, that is a major tool in the identification of epilepsy susceptibility genes. Our finding suggest that developmental delay and early epilepsy are frequent findings in 1p36 deletion syndrome that can contribute to a poor clinical outcome for this reason this syndrome should be searched for in patients presenting with infantile spasms associated with a hypsarrhythmic EEG, particulary if they are combined with dismorphic features, severe hypotonia and developmental delay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Greco
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - P Ferrara
- Institute of pediatrics, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy,.
| | - G Farello
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy,.
| | - P Striano
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 'G. Gaslini' Institute, Genova, Italy,.
| | - A Verrotti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy,.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shimada S, Shimojima K, Okamoto N, Sangu N, Hirasawa K, Matsuo M, Ikeuchi M, Shimakawa S, Shimizu K, Mizuno S, Kubota M, Adachi M, Saito Y, Tomiwa K, Haginoya K, Numabe H, Kako Y, Hayashi A, Sakamoto H, Hiraki Y, Minami K, Takemoto K, Watanabe K, Miura K, Chiyonobu T, Kumada T, Imai K, Maegaki Y, Nagata S, Kosaki K, Izumi T, Nagai T, Yamamoto T. Microarray analysis of 50 patients reveals the critical chromosomal regions responsible for 1p36 deletion syndrome-related complications. Brain Dev 2015; 37:515-26. [PMID: 25172301 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monosomy 1p36 syndrome is the most commonly observed subtelomeric deletion syndrome. Patients with this syndrome typically have common clinical features, such as intellectual disability, epilepsy, and characteristic craniofacial features. METHOD In cooperation with academic societies, we analyzed the genomic copy number aberrations using chromosomal microarray testing. Finally, the genotype-phenotype correlation among them was examined. RESULTS We obtained clinical information of 86 patients who had been diagnosed with chromosomal deletions in the 1p36 region. Among them, blood samples were obtained from 50 patients (15 males and 35 females). The precise deletion regions were successfully genotyped. There were variable deletion patterns: pure terminal deletions in 38 patients (76%), including three cases of mosaicism; unbalanced translocations in seven (14%); and interstitial deletions in five (10%). Craniofacial/skeletal features, neurodevelopmental impairments, and cardiac anomalies were commonly observed in patients, with correlation to deletion sizes. CONCLUSION The genotype-phenotype correlation analysis narrowed the region responsible for distinctive craniofacial features and intellectual disability into 1.8-2.1 and 1.8-2.2 Mb region, respectively. Patients with deletions larger than 6.2 Mb showed no ambulation, indicating that severe neurodevelopmental prognosis may be modified by haploinsufficiencies of KCNAB2 and CHD5, located at 6.2 Mb away from the telomere. Although the genotype-phenotype correlation for the cardiac abnormalities is unclear, PRDM16, PRKCZ, and RERE may be related to this complication. Our study also revealed that female patients who acquired ambulatory ability were likely to be at risk for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shino Shimada
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Shimojima
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Izumi, Japan
| | - Noriko Sangu
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hirasawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Matsuo
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayo Ikeuchi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neurology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | | | - Kenji Shimizu
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Masaya Kubota
- Division of Neurology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masao Adachi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kakogawa Hospital Organization, Kakogawa West-City Hospital, Kakogawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Tomiwa
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Center for Children, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Haginoya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Takuto Rehabilitation Center for Children, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hironao Numabe
- Department of Genetic Counseling, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kako
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Hayashi
- Department of Neonatology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Haruko Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Hiraki
- Hiroshima Municipal Center for Child Health and Development, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Minami
- Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kiyokuni Miura
- Developmental Disability Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Chiyonobu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kumada
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Katsumi Imai
- National Epilepsy Center, Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological Disorders, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maegaki
- Division of Child Neurology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Izumi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Neurology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshiro Nagai
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ng D, Bouhlal Y, Ursell PC, Shieh JTC. Monoamniotic monochorionic twins discordant for noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1339-44. [PMID: 23636980 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Occasionally "identical twins" are phenotypically different, raising the question of zygosity and the issue of genetic versus environmental influences during development. We recently noted monochorionic-monoamniotic twins, one of which had an isolated cardiac abnormality, noncompaction cardiomyopathy, a condition characterized by cardiac ventricular hypertrabeculation. We examined the prenatal course and subsequent pathologic correlation since ventricular morphogenesis may depend on early muscular contraction and blood flow. The monochorionic-monoamniotic female twin pair was initially identified since one fetus presented with increased nuchal translucency. Complete heart block was later identified in the fetus with nuchal translucency who did not survive after delivery. In contrast, the unaffected twin had normal cardiac studies both prenatally and postnatally. Pathologic analysis of the affected twin demonstrated noncompaction of the left ventricle with dysplasia of the aortic and pulmonary valves. Dissection of the cardiac conduction system disclosed atrioventricular bundle fibrosis. Maternal lupus studies, amniocentesis with karyotype, and studies for 22q11.2 were normal. To test for zygosity, we performed multiple STR marker analysis and found that all markers were shared even using nonblood tissues from the affected twin. These studies demonstrate that monozygotic twins that are monochorionic monoamniotic can be discordant for cardiac noncompaction. The results suggest further investigation into the potential roles of pathologic fibrosis, contractility, and blood flow in cardiac ventricle development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dianna Ng
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0793, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Finsterer J, Stöllberger C, Wahbi K. Cardiomyopathy in neurological disorders. Cardiovasc Pathol 2013; 22:389-400. [PMID: 23433859 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the American Heart Association, cardiomyopathies are classified as primary (solely or predominantly confined to heart muscle), secondary (those showing pathological myocardial involvement as part of a neuromuscular disorder) and those in which cardiomyopathy is the first/predominant manifestation of a neuromuscular disorder. Cardiomyopathies may be further classified as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, or unclassified cardiomyopathy (noncompaction, Takotsubo-cardiomyopathy). This review focuses on secondary cardiomyopathies and those in which cardiomyopathy is the predominant manifestation of a myopathy. Any of them may cause neurological disease, and any of them may be a manifestation of a neurological disorder. Neurological disease most frequently caused by cardiomyopathies is ischemic stroke, followed by transitory ischemic attack, syncope, or vertigo. Neurological disease, which most frequently manifests with cardiomyopathies are the neuromuscular disorders. Most commonly associated with cardiomyopathies are muscular dystrophies, myofibrillar myopathies, congenital myopathies and metabolic myopathies. Management of neurological disease caused by cardiomyopathies is not at variance from the same neurological disorders due to other causes. Management of secondary cardiomyopathies is not different from that of cardiomyopathies due to other causes either. Patients with neuromuscular disorders require early cardiologic investigations and close follow-ups, patients with cardiomyopathies require neurological investigation and avoidance of muscle toxic medication if a neuromuscular disorder is diagnosed. Which patients with cardiomyopathy profit most from primary stroke prevention is unsolved and requires further investigations.
Collapse
|
6
|
Tanpaiboon P, Sloan JL, Callahan PF, McAreavey D, Hart PS, Lichter-Konecki U, Zand D, Venditti CP. Noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium and hydrops fetalis in cobalamin C disease. JIMD Rep 2013; 10:33-8. [PMID: 23430797 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2012_197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalamin C disease (cblC), a form of combined methylmalonic acidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia caused by mutations in the MMACHC gene, may be the most common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism. The clinical manifestations of cblC disease are diverse and range from intrauterine growth retardation to adult onset neurological disease. The occurrence of structural heart defects appears to be increased in cblC patients and may be related to the function of the MMACHC enzyme during cardiac embryogenesis, a concept supported by the observation that Mmachc is expressed in the bulbis cordis of the developing mouse heart. Here we report an infant who presented with hydrops fetalis, ventricular dysfunction, and echocardiographic evidence of LVNC, a rare congenital cardiomyopathy. Metabolic evaluations, complementation studies, and mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis of cblC disease. These findings highlight an intrauterine cardiac phenotype that can be displayed in cblC disease in association with nonimmune hydrops.
Collapse
|
7
|
Digilio MC, Bernardini L, Gagliardi MG, Versacci P, Baban A, Capolino R, Dentici ML, Roberti MC, Angioni A, Novelli A, Marino B, Dallapiccola B. Syndromic non-compaction of the left ventricle: associated chromosomal anomalies. Clin Genet 2012; 84:362-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MC Digilio
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - L Bernardini
- Mendel Laboratory; Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - MG Gagliardi
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - P Versacci
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology; Roma-Sapienza University, and Lorillard Spencer Cenci Foundation; Rome Italy
| | - A Baban
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - R Capolino
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - ML Dentici
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - MC Roberti
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - A Angioni
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - A Novelli
- Mendel Laboratory; Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, IRCCS; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - B Marino
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology; Roma-Sapienza University, and Lorillard Spencer Cenci Foundation; Rome Italy
| | - B Dallapiccola
- Medical Genetics, Cytogenetics, Pediatric Cardiology; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS; Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nagel B, Gruber-Sedlmayr U, Uhrig S, Stöllberger C, Klopocki E, Finsterer J. Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction with epilepsy, other heart defects, minor facial anomalies and new copy number variants. BMC Med Genet 2012; 13:60. [PMID: 22830313 PMCID: PMC3490829 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Left ventricular hypertrabeculation/noncompaction (LVHT) is a cardiac abnormality of unknown etiology which has been described in children as well as in adults with and without chromosomal aberrations. LVHT has been reported in association with various cardiac and extracardiac abnormalities like epilepsy and facial dysmorphism. Case presentation A unique combination of LVHT, atrial septal defect, pulmonary valve stenosis, aortic stenosis, epilepsy and minor facial anomalies is presented in a 5.5 years old girl. Microarray-based genomic hybridization (array-CGH) detected six previously not described copy number variants (CNVs) inherited from a clinically unaffected father and minimally affected mother, thus, most likely, not clinically significant but rare benign variants. Conclusions Despite this complex phenotype de novo microdeletions or microduplications were not detected by array CGH. Further investigations, such as whole exome sequencing, could reveal point mutations and small indels as the possible cause.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bert Nagel
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
There has been remarkable progress in understanding the genetic basis of cardiovascular malformations. Chromosome microarray analysis has provided a new tool to understand the genetic basis of syndromic cardiovascular malformations resulting from microdeletion or microduplication of genetic material, allowing the delineation of new syndromes. Improvements in sequencing technology have led to increasingly comprehensive testing for aortopathy, cardiomyopathy, single gene syndromic disorders, and Mendelian-inherited congenital heart disease. Understanding the genetic etiology for these disorders has improved their clinical recognition and management and led to new guidelines for treatment and family-based diagnosis and surveillance. These new discoveries have also expanded our understanding of the contribution of genetic variation, susceptibility alleles, and epigenetics to isolated congenital heart disease. This review summarizes the current understanding of the genetic basis of syndromic and non-syndromic congenital heart disease and highlights new diagnostic and management recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Ware
- The Heart Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7020, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
| | - John Lynn Jefferies
- The Heart Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 240 Albert Sabin Way, MLC 7020, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Paciorkowski AR, Thio LL, Rosenfeld JA, Gajecka M, Gurnett CA, Kulkarni S, Chung WK, Marsh ED, Gentile M, Reggin JD, Wheless JW, Balasubramanian S, Kumar R, Christian SL, Marini C, Guerrini R, Maltsev N, Shaffer LG, Dobyns WB. Copy number variants and infantile spasms: evidence for abnormalities in ventral forebrain development and pathways of synaptic function. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 19:1238-45. [PMID: 21694734 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile spasms (ISS) are an epilepsy disorder frequently associated with severe developmental outcome and have diverse genetic etiologies. We ascertained 11 subjects with ISS and novel copy number variants (CNVs) and combined these with a new cohort with deletion 1p36 and ISS, and additional published patients with ISS and other chromosomal abnormalities. Using bioinformatics tools, we analyzed the gene content of these CNVs for enrichment in pathways of pathogenesis. Several important findings emerged. First, the gene content was enriched for the gene regulatory network involved in ventral forebrain development. Second, genes in pathways of synaptic function were overrepresented, significantly those involved in synaptic vesicle transport. Evidence also suggested roles for GABAergic synapses and the postsynaptic density. Third, we confirm the association of ISS with duplication of 14q12 and maternally inherited duplication of 15q11q13, and report the association with duplication of 21q21. We also present a patient with ISS and deletion 7q11.3 not involving MAGI2. Finally, we provide evidence that ISS in deletion 1p36 may be associated with deletion of KLHL17 and expand the epilepsy phenotype in that syndrome to include early infantile epileptic encephalopathy. Several of the identified pathways share functional links, and abnormalities of forebrain synaptic growth and function may form a common biologic mechanism underlying both ISS and autism. This study demonstrates a novel approach to the study of gene content in subjects with ISS and copy number variation, and contributes further evidence to support specific pathways of pathogenesis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Pearce FB, Litovsky SH, Dabal RJ, Robin N, Dure LJ, George JF, Kirklin JK. Pathologic Features of Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Localized Noncompaction in a Child with Deletion 1p36 Syndrome. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2011; 7:59-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0803.2011.00514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
12
|
Gajecka M, Saitta SC, Gentles AJ, Campbell L, Ciprero K, Geiger E, Catherwood A, Rosenfeld JA, Shaikh T, Shaffer LG. Recurrent interstitial 1p36 deletions: Evidence for germline mosaicism and complex rearrangement breakpoints. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 152A:3074-83. [PMID: 21108392 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deletions of chromosome 1p36 are one of the most frequently encountered subtelomeric alterations. Clinical features of monosomy 1p36 include neurocognitive impairment, hearing loss, seizures, cardiac defects, and characteristic facial features. The majority of cases have occurred sporadically, implying that genomic instability plays a role in the prevalence of the syndrome. Here, we report two siblings with mild phenotypic features of the deletion syndrome, including developmental delay, hearing loss, and left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Microarray analysis using bacterial artificial chromosome and oligonucleotide microarrays indicated the deletions were identical, suggesting germline mosaicism. Parental phenotypes were normal, and analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) did not show mosaicism. These small interstitial deletions were not detectable by conventional subtelomeric FISH analysis. To investigate the mechanism of deletion further, the breakpoints were cloned and sequenced, demonstrating the presence of a complex rearrangement. Sequence analysis of genes in the deletion interval did not reveal any mutations on the intact homologue that may have contributed to the LVNC seen in both children. This is the first report of apparent germline mosaicism for this disorder. Thus, our findings have important implications for diagnostic approaches and for recurrence risk counseling in families with a child with monosomy 1p36. In addition, our results further refine the minimal critical region for LVNC and hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Gajecka
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Madan S, Madan-Khetarpal S, Park SC, Surti U, Bailey AL, McConnell J, Tadros SS. Left ventricular non-compaction on MRI in a patient with 22q11.2 distal deletion. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:1295-9. [PMID: 20425839 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on a 22-year-old male carrying a presumptive clinical diagnosis of Dubowitz-like phenotype who has been followed-up by cardiology for bicuspid aortic valve with ascending aorta and aortic root dilatation. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) confirmed these findings, along with an incidental finding of left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Genetic workup revealed the diagnosis of 22q11.2 distal deletion encompassing the BCR gene. This is the first time LVNC has been reported in a patient with 22q11.2 distal deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Madan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Background Many chromosomal abnormalities are associated with Central Nervous System (CNS) malformations and other neurological alterations, among which seizures and epilepsy. Some of these show a peculiar epileptic and EEG pattern. We describe some epileptic syndromes frequently reported in chromosomal disorders. Methods Detailed clinical assessment, electrophysiological studies, survey of the literature. Results In some of these congenital syndromes the clinical presentation and EEG anomalies seems to be quite typical, in others the manifestations appear aspecific and no strictly linked with the chromosomal imbalance. The onset of seizures is often during the neonatal period of the infancy. Conclusions A better characterization of the electro clinical patterns associated with specific chromosomal aberrations could give us a valuable key in the identification of epilepsy susceptibility of some chromosomal loci, using the new advances in molecular cytogenetics techniques - such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), subtelomeric analysis and CGH (comparative genomic hybridization) microarray. However further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of epilepsy associated with chromosomal abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sorge
- Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele, Università di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dod HS, Bhardwaj R, Hummel M, Morise AP, Batish S, Warden BE, Beto RJ, Jain AC. Left ventricular noncompaction: A rare disorder in adults and its association with 1p36 chromosomal anomaly. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 152A:191-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrabeculation (LVHT), also known as noncompaction or spongy myocardium, is a cardiac abnormality of unknown etiology and pathogenesis frequently associated with genetic cardiac and noncardiac disorders, particularly genetic neuromuscular disease. This study aimed to review the current knowledge about the genetic or pathogenetic background of LVHT. METHODS A literature review of all human studies dealing with the association of LVHT with genetic cardiac and noncardiac disorders, particularly neuromuscular disorders, was conducted. RESULTS Most frequently, LVHT is associated with mitochondrial disorders (mtDNA, nDNA mutations), Barth syndrome (G4.5, TAZ mutations), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (MYH7, ACTC mutations), zaspopathy (ZASP/LDB3 mutations), myotonic dystrophy 1 (DMPK mutations), and dystrobrevinopathy (DTNA mutations). More rarely, LVHT is associated with mutations in the DMD, SCNA5, MYBPC3, FNLA1, PTPN11, LMNA, ZNF9, AMPD1, PMP22, TNNT2, fibrillin2, SHP2, MMACHC, LMX1B, HCCS, or NR0B1 genes. Additionally, LVHT occurs with a number of chromosomal disorders, polymorphisms, and not yet identified genes, as well in a familial context. The broad heterogeneity of LVHT's genetic background suggests that the uniform morphology of LVHT not only is attributable to embryonic noncompaction but also may result from induction of hypertrabeculation as a compensatory reaction of an impaired myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Most frequently, LVHT is associated with mutations in genes causing muscle or cardiac disease, or with chromosomal disorders. These associations require comprehensive cardiac, neurologic, and cytogenetic investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Postfach 20, 1180 Vienna, Austria, Europe.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lamonica DA, Abramides DV, Maximino LP, Gejão MG, da Silva GK, Ferreira AT, Furlan RH, Giacheti CM, Barros-Neto PA, Richieri-Costa A. Possible new syndrome: Left ventricular noncompaction, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, and developmental delay in a Brazilian child. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1041-5. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
18
|
Saito S, Kawamura R, Kosho T, Shimizu T, Aoyama K, Koike K, Wada T, Matsumoto N, Kato M, Wakui K, Fukushima Y. Bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria, periventricular nodular heterotopia, and left ventricular noncompaction in a girl with 10.5-11.1 Mb terminal deletion of 1p36. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:2891-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
19
|
Cremer K, Lüdecke HJ, Ruhr F, Wieczorek D. Left-ventricular non-compaction (LVNC): a clinical feature more often observed in terminal deletion 1p36 than previously expected. Eur J Med Genet 2008; 51:685-8. [PMID: 18721913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Deletion of 1p36 (OMIM 607872) is estimated to be the most common distal terminal deletion syndrome. We describe a previously unreported, typically affected two-month-old girl with this microdeletion syndrome, who additionally suffers from left-ventricular non-compaction (LVNC). Recently, this congenital heart defect, characterized by prominent left-ventricular trabeculae and deep intertrabecular recesses, was reported in 12 further patients (excluding those reported only in abstract form) with terminal deletion of 1p36, leading to the conclusion that this cardiomyopathy is common in patients with this chromosomal aberration. We hypothesize that a gene in 1p36 might be responsible for LVNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Cremer
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Noncompaction of the left ventricle is a descriptive anatomical term and recently recognized primary cardiomyopathy. Cardiac imaging now allows for prompt detection. The specific etiology remains poorly understood, however, and the major genetic determinants are unknown. This review describes recent data showing the genetic heterogeneity and overlap with other cardiomyopathies. Understanding the genetics may depend on clarifying the distinctive diagnostic features and investigating the contribution of all known cardiomyopathy-causing genes with overlapping morphology. RECENT FINDINGS Adding to the known genes (TAZ, DTNA, LDB3 and LMNA), recent work has identified SCN5A, MYH7 and MYBPC3 as associated loci. LDB3 may also be a genetic modifier. Case reports and linkage studies suggest additional loci at 1p36, 1q43 and 11p15. Aside from Barth syndrome, other genetic and metabolic syndromes with noncompaction have been described. Despite this, large studies have failed to identify the etiology in the majority of patients. SUMMARY Despite advances in detection, comprehensive clinical, pathological, genetic, and family studies are necessary to define the phenotypic overlap with other cardiomyopathies. Without a more precise understanding of its etiology, the answers to the questions regarding the clinical relevance and management of patients with noncompaction of the left ventricle will remain elusive.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang JC, Dang L, Mondal TK, Khan A. Prenatally diagnosed mosaic trisomy 22 in a fetus with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143A:2744-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|