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Gianferante MD, Wlodarski MW, Atsidaftos E, Da Costa L, Delaporta P, Farrar JE, Goldman FD, Hussain M, Kattamis A, Leblanc T, Lipton JM, Niemeyer CM, Pospisilova D, Quarello P, Ramenghi U, Sankaran VG, Vlachos A, Volejnikova J, Alter BP, Savage SA, Giri N. Genotype-phenotype association and variant characterization in Diamond-Blackfan anemia caused by pathogenic variants in RPL35A. Haematologica 2021; 106:1303-1310. [PMID: 32241839 PMCID: PMC8094096 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.246629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is predominantly an autosomal dominant inherited red cell aplasia primarily caused by pathogenic germline variants in ribosomal protein genes. DBA due to pathogenic RPL35A variants has been associated with large 3q29 deletions and phenotypes not common in DBA. We conducted a multi-institutional genotypephenotype study of 45 patients with DBA associated with pathogenic RPL35A germline variants and curated the variant data on 21 additional cases from the literature. Genotype-phenotype analyses were conducted comparing patients with large deletions versus all other pathogenic variants in RPL35A. Twenty-two of the 45 cases had large deletions in RPL35A. After adjusting for multiple tests, a statistically significant association was observed between patients with a large deletion and steroid-resistant anemia, neutropenia, craniofacial abnormalities, chronic gastrointestinal problems, and intellectual disabilities (P<0.01) compared with all other pathogenic variants. Non-large deletion pathogenic variants were spread across RPL35Awith no apparent hot spot and 56% of the individual family variants were observed more than once. In this, the largest known study of DBA patients with pathogenic RPL35A variants, we determined that patients with large deletions have a more severe phenotype that is clinically different from those with non-large deletion variants. Genes of interest also deleted in the 3q29 region that could be associated with some of these phenotypic features include LMLN and IQCG. Management of DBA due to large RPL35A deletions may be challenging due to complex problems and require comprehensive assessments by multiple specialists including immunological, gastrointestinal, and developmental evaluations to provide optimal multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Gianferante
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Evangelia Atsidaftos
- Feinstein Institute of Medical Research, Cohen Children's Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Lydie Da Costa
- Service Hematologie Biologique, Hopital Robert-Debré, Université de Paris, France
| | - Polyxeni Delaporta
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Jason E Farrar
- Arkansas Children Research Institute, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, USA
| | | | - Maryam Hussain
- Feinstein Institute of Medical Research, Cohen Children's Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Antonis Kattamis
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Thierry Leblanc
- Service Hematologie Biologique, Hopital Robert-Debré, Université de Paris, France
| | - Jeffrey M Lipton
- Feinstein Institute of Medical Research, Cohen Children's Medical Center, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ugo Ramenghi
- Pediatric and Public Health Science, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Vijay G Sankaran
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrianna Vlachos
- Feinstein Institute of Medical Research, Cohen Children's Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Jana Volejnikova
- Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Blanche P Alter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Neelam Giri
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
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Sun G, Zhou H, Chen K, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Yan L, Yao W, Hu J, Wang T, Xing J, Xiao K, Wu L, Ye Z, Xu H. HnRNP A1 - mediated alternative splicing of CCDC50 contributes to cancer progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via ZNF395. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:116. [PMID: 32560659 PMCID: PMC7304168 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant alternative splicing events play critical roles in carcinogenesis and progression of many cancers, while sparse studies regarding to alternative splicing are available for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We identified that alternative splicing of coiled-coil domain containing 50 (CCDC50) was dysregulated in ccRCC, whereas the clinical significance of this splicing event and its splicing regulation mechanisms were still elusive. METHODS Bioinformatic algorithm was utilized to identify significant exon skipping events in ccRCC via exon sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to validate the aberrant expression of different transcripts in renal cancer tissues, cell lines and corresponding noncancerous controls. Short hairpin RNA targeting CCDC50 and overexpressing plasmids for each transcript were introduced into ccRCC cell lines, followed by a series of in vitro and in vivo functional experiments. Moreover, a panel of splicing factors were identified and their roles on splicing regulation of CCDC50 precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) were studied. Furthermore, RNAseq data were analyzed to elucidate downstream molecules of CCDC50. Two-way analysis of variance and unpaired Student t test were used in statistical analysis. RESULTS Pre-mRNA of CCDC50 generated two transcripts, full-length transcript (CCDC50-FL) and truncated transcript (CCDC50-S) with exon 6 skipped. CCDC50-S was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues and cell lines compared to noncancerous counterparts, but CCDC50-FL was only detected in noncancerous tissues and normal renal epithelial cells. Higher percent spliced-in index was associated with better survival in ccRCC patients. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments indicated that CCDC50-S transcript promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion and tumorigenesis of ccRCC, while CCDC50-FL exerted opposite tumor suppressive functions. Besides, we identified that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HnRNP A1) could promote the skipping of exon 6, which resulted in higher portion of CCDC50-S and oncogenic transformation. Moreover, zinc finger protein 395 (ZNF395) was identified as a downstream protein of CCDC50-S, and the interaction initiated oncogenic pathways which were involved in ccRCC progression. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant alternative splicing of CCDC50 is regulated by HnRNP A1 in ccRCC. This splicing event contributes to cancer progression through the downstream pathway involving ZNF395.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Sun
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Jin Zeng
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Yangjun Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Libin Yan
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Weimin Yao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Junhui Hu
- Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Tao Wang
- grid.412625.6Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000 P.R. China
| | - Jinchun Xing
- grid.412625.6Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000 P.R. China
| | - Kefeng Xiao
- Department of Urology, The People’s Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, 518000 P.R. China
| | - Lily Wu
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China ,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Hua Xu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China. .,Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, P.R. China.
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Wang Y, Zeng C, Li J, Zhou Z, Ju X, Xia S, Li Y, Liu A, Teng H, Zhang K, Shi L, Bi C, Xie W, He X, Jia Z, Jiang Y, Cai T, Wu J, Xia K, Sun ZS. PAK2 Haploinsufficiency Results in Synaptic Cytoskeleton Impairment and Autism-Related Behavior. Cell Rep 2020; 24:2029-2041. [PMID: 30134165 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic cytoskeleton dysfunction represents a common pathogenesis in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The serine/threonine kinase PAK2 is a critical regulator of cytoskeleton dynamics. However, its function within the central nervous system and its role in ASD pathogenesis remain undefined. Here, we found that Pak2 haploinsufficiency resulted in markedly decreased synapse densities, defective long-term potentiation, and autism-related behaviors in mice. Phosphorylation levels of key actin regulators LIMK1 and cofilin, together with their mediated actin polymerization, were reduced in Pak2+/-mice. We identified one de novo PAK2 nonsense mutation that impaired PAK2 function in vitro and in vivo and four de novo copy-number deletions containing PAK2 in large cohorts of patients with ASD. PAK2 deficiency extensively perturbed functional networks associated with ASD by regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Our genetic and functional results demonstrate a critical role of PAK2 in brain development and autism pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinchen Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zikai Zhou
- Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xingda Ju
- Department of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130031, China
| | - Shuting Xia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Huajing Teng
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Leisheng Shi
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Cheng Bi
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhengping Jia
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Yonghui Jiang
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinyu Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Zhong Sheng Sun
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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3q27.3 Microdeletion syndrome: further delineation of the second region of overlap and atopic dermatitis as a phenotypic feature. Clin Dysmorphol 2017; 26:154-156. [DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Alkhunaizi E, Schrewe B, Alizadehfar R, Vézina C, Stewart GS, Braverman N. Novel 3q27.2-qter deletion in a patient with Diamond-Blackfan anemia and immunodeficiency: Case report and review of literature. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:1514-1520. [PMID: 28432740 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
3q27.2-qter deletion syndromes feature an overlapping set of terminal and interstitial deletions with variable congenital malformations. Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is etiologically heterogeneous disorder in which one cause is dominant mutations of the RPL35A gene on 3q29. We report a child with a 3q27.2-qter deletion that contains the RPL35A gene. She had clinical and laboratory features consistent with DBA and as well, an unexplained immunodeficiency disorder. Given these unusual findings, we reviewed other patients in the literature with overlapping genomic deletions. In addition, we evaluated our patient for the immunodeficiency disorder, RIDDLE syndrome, due to recessive mutations in the RNF168 gene on 3q29. A PubMed search for case reports of 3q27.2-qter overlapping deletions was performed. To determine if RPL35A was in the deletion region, the chromosomal regions reported were mapped to genomic regions using the UCSC Genome Browser. We identified 85 overlapping deletions, of which six included the RPL35A gene and all should be had DBA. Interestingly, none of the reported cases had immunodeficiency. To evaluate RIDDLE syndrome (radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency, dysmorphic features, and learning difficulties), we sequenced the remaining RNF168 gene and examined her fibroblast culture for a DNA double strand break repair deficiency. These results were normal, indicating that the immunodeficiency is unlikely to result from a RNF168 deficiency. We show that RPL35A haploinsufficiency is a cause of DBA and we report a novel case with 3q27.2-qter deletion and immunodeficiency. The etiology for the immunodeficiency remains unsolved and could be caused by an unknown gene effect or consequent to the DBA phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Alkhunaizi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brett Schrewe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Reza Alizadehfar
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Vézina
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Grant S Stewart
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nancy Braverman
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Ponzi E, Asaro A, Orteschi D, Genuardi M, Zollino M, Gurrieri F. Variable expressivity of a familial 1.9 Mb microdeletion in 3q28 leading to haploinsufficiency of TP63: Refinement of the critical region for a new microdeletion phenotype. Eur J Med Genet 2015; 58:400-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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An interstitial de-novo microdeletion of 3q26.33q27.3 causing severe intrauterine growth retardation. Clin Dysmorphol 2015; 24:68-74. [DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Castori M, Bottillo I, Laino L, Morlino S, Grammatico B, Grammatico P. An additional patient with 3q27.3 microdeletion syndrome. J Child Neurol 2015; 30:500-4. [PMID: 25038125 DOI: 10.1177/0883073814539557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The 3q27.3 microdeletion syndrome has been recently delineated in 7 subjects from 5 families sharing a 1.4 Mb smallest region of overlap. This condition appears recognizable by the association of Marfanoid habitus, mild but distinctive facial dysmorphism, intellectual disability, psychosis, and mood disorder. Here, we describe an additional 17-year-old man with an ~7.7-Mb deletion encompassing the 3q27.3 microdeletion critical region, previously run undetected at standard karyotyping. The constellation of major clinical findings overlaps with those reported in the 7 previously published patients and thus confirms the existence of a strongly recognizable syndrome linked to imbalance of 3q27.3. The role of AHSG and, possibly, of other genes in determining the 3q27.3 microdeletion habitus is discussed by comparison of the deleted segments. The involvement of adjacent loci and genes, such as OPA1 and GP5, may contribute in this patient to novel satellite features, such as optic atrophy and subclinical coagulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bottillo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Laino
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Morlino
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Grammatico
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Grammatico
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Fernández-Jaén A, Castellanos MDC, Fernández-Perrone AL, Fernández-Mayoralas DM, de la Vega AG, Calleja-Pérez B, Fernández EC, Albert J, Hombre MCS. Cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe intellectual disability in a patient with 3q29 microduplication syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:2043-7. [PMID: 24838842 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial microduplication of 3q29 has been recently described. Individuals with this syndrome have widely variable phenotypes. We describe the first clinical case with a 1.607 Mb duplication at 3q29 (chr3: 195,731,956-197,339,329), accompanied by severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and cerebral palsy. This duplication involves 22 genes; PAK2, DLG1, BDH1, and FBXO45 are implicated in neuronal development and synaptic function and could play an important role in this syndrome. We propose considering genetic studies, particularly array comparative genomic hybridization, in patients with epilepsy and/or cerebral palsy of unknown etiology when dysmorphic features are present.
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Chabchoub E, Cogulu O, Durmaz B, Vermeesch JR, Ozkinay F, Fryns JP. Oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome maps to chromosome 3q27.1q29. Dermatology 2012; 223:306-10. [PMID: 22327602 DOI: 10.1159/000335609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1967, Cross et al. [J Pediatr 1967;70:398-406] reported four siblings with intellectual disability, microcephaly, neurologic and ocular disorders, and hypopigmentation involving skin and hair. This novel entity, known as oculocerebral hypopigmentation syndrome (OCHS) or Cross syndrome (OMIM 257800), is assumed to be autosomal recessive. However, its genetic cause is still unknown. CASE REPORT A 4-year-old girl is reported with OCHS, a history of recurrent infections and vertebral fusion of L4-L5. Central nervous system and cardiac imaging as well as metabolic screening were normal. Microscopic hair investigations did not show any melanin deposit defects. RESULTS Using molecular cytogenetics, we detected a de novo interstitial del(3)(q27.1q29) of the paternal chromosome. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular genetics finding in a patient with OCHS. Here we discuss the genotype-phenotype correlations and suggest candidate genes for this disorder. CONCLUSION Investigating further patients would enable fine-mapping the OCHS locus and identifying its putative gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chabchoub
- Centre for Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
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Dasouki MJ, Lushington GH, Hovanes K, Casey J, Gorre M. The 3q29 microdeletion syndrome: report of three new unrelated patients and in silico "RNA binding" analysis of the 3q29 region. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:1654-60. [PMID: 21626679 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The human 3q29 microdeletion syndrome is associated with mild facial dysmorphism, developmental delay and variable congenital malformations. We report three new unrelated patients with this syndrome. We also performed in silico RNA binding analysis in silico on the 3q29 critical region genes. Several genes within this genomic region including DLG1 and RNF168 are predicted to bind RNA. While recessive mutations in RNF168 cause RIDDLE syndrome, an immune deficiency and radiosensitivity disorder, the potential impact of heterozygous deletion of RNF168 on patients with the 3q29 deletion syndrome is still unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed J Dasouki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA.
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12
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Abstract
The transcription factor p63 is essential for the formation of the epidermis and other stratifying epithelia. This is clearly demonstrated by the severe abnormality of p63-deficient mice and by the development of certain types of ectodermal dysplasias in humans as a result of p63 mutations. Investigation of the in vivo functions of p63 is complicated by the occurrence of 10 different splicing isoforms and by its interaction with the other family members, p53 and p73. In vitro and in vivo models have been used to unravel the functions of p63 and its different isoforms, but the results or their interpretation are often contradictory. This review focuses on what mammalian in vivo models and patient studies have taught us in the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Vanbokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Quintero-Rivera F, Sharifi-Hannauer P, Martinez-Agosto JA. Autistic and psychiatric findings associated with the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome: case report and review. Am J Med Genet A 2010; 152A:2459-67. [PMID: 20830797 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The screening of individuals with mild dysmorphic features and mental retardation using whole genome scanning technologies has resulted in the delineation of several previously unrecognized microdeletion syndromes. Microdeletion of 3q29 has been recently described as one such new syndrome. The clinical phenotype is variable despite an almost identical submicroscopic deletion size in most cases. We report on two individuals that further expand the clinical presentation of this rare disorder and compare the findings with earlier reports to refine the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome phenotype. The propositi are a 10-year-old female and a 15-year-old male, who have in common intellectual disabilities, a history of autism and psychiatric symptoms ranging from bipolar disorder presenting with increasing suicidal ideation to aggressive behavior and general anxiety. Other shared physical findings include asymmetric face, high-nasal bridge, crowded/dysplastic teeth, and tapered fingers. Oligonucleotide array-based chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) using a genome-wide SNP array identified a de novo subtelomeric microdeletion of chromosome region 3q29 ranging from 1.6 to 2.1 Mb. The region of overlap encompasses 20 RefSeq genes, including FBX045, DLG1, and PAK2. These genes are related to neuronal postsynaptic membrane function and PTEN signaling, suggesting a role for synaptic connectivity dysfunction in the etiology of autism in these children. The novel clinical presentation of our patients expands the clinical spectrum of the 3q29 microdeletion syndrome and provides additional insights into the pathophysiology of autism and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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Familial 3q29 microdeletion syndrome providing further evidence of involvement of the 3q29 region in bipolar disorder. Clin Dysmorphol 2010; 19:128-132. [PMID: 20453639 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0b013e32833a1e3c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The 3q29 microdeletion syndrome is caused by a recurrent 1.6 Mb deletion of the 3q subtelomeric region. Though sometimes visible on routine microscopy, the deletion is detected more reliably using subtelomeric fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) or molecular karyotyping. The clinical features associated with a 3q29 microdeletion are variable and include developmental delay, autistic features, skeletal abnormalities and dysmorphic facial features with a relatively long face, long nose with a high bridge and broad tip, short philtrum and large ears. Orofacial clefting, cardiac defects, ocular anomalies and genitourinary malformations have been reported occasionally. We report a three generation family where four individuals were confirmed to have a 3q29 microdeletion and compare their clinical features to those of previously reported patients. This family shows that the learning difficulties associated with a 3q29 deletion may be relatively mild. The history of a severe depressive disorder commencing in adulthood in the affected grandmother also supports previous studies linking the 3q29 region to bipolar disorder and links with the observation of Digilio et al. (2009) who also reported a history of depression in an adult woman with a similar deletion.
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P. Szabó G, Bessenyei B, Balogh E, Ujfalusi A, Szakszon K, Oláh É. Detection of subtelomeric chromosomal rearrangements in idiopathic mental retardation. Orv Hetil 2010; 151:1091-8. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2010.28911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A kromoszómák szubtelomerikus régiói génben gazdag területek, átrendeződésük hagyományos kromoszómaanalízissel nem detektálható. Mivel a mentális retardációk közel 7%-áért felelősek, kimutatásuk diagnosztikai szempontból jelentős, és lehetőséget nyújt az ismétlődés megakadályozására is. A kimutatásukra alkalmas módszerek egyike a szubtelomerikus fluoreszcencia in situ hibridizáció. Ötvenkilenc idiopathiás mentálisan retardált beteg közül 35 közepes/súlyos értelmi fogyatékost választottunk ki a nemzetközi irodalomban ajánlott kritériumok alapján. Közülük 6 beteg esetében mutattunk ki szubtelomerikus aberrációt, 5 familiáris (két család), egy
de novo
esetnek bizonyult. Huszonkilenc betegben szubtelomerikus kromoszómaátrendeződést nem igazoltunk. A 6 beteg közül kettőben 8pter deléciót és 12pter duplikációt, háromban 21qter deléciót és 10pter duplikációt azonosítottunk kiegyensúlyozatlan transzlokáció formájában. Egy betegnél
de novo
keletkezett 3qter deléciót detektáltunk. Az eltérések eredetének tisztázása során 12 egészséges családtag közül öt bizonyult kiegyensúlyozott transzlokációhordozónak. Az irodalmi adatokkal összhangban megállapítottuk, hogy a fenotípust a deléció és a duplikáció mérete, valamint transzlokációk esetén az érintett partner kromoszómák együttesen határozzák meg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella P. Szabó
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
| | - Beáta Bessenyei
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
| | - Erzsébet Balogh
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
| | - Anikó Ujfalusi
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
| | - Katalin Szakszon
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
| | - Éva Oláh
- 1 Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum Gyermekgyógyászati Intézet, Klinikai Genetikai Központ Debrecen Nagyerdei krt. 98. 4032
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Petrin AL, Daack-Hirsch S, L'Heureux J, Murray JC. A case of 3q29 microdeletion syndrome involving oral cleft inherited from a nonaffected mosaic parent: molecular analysis and ethical implications. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2010; 48:222-30. [PMID: 20500065 DOI: 10.1597/09-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to use array comparative genomic hybridization to detect causal microdeletions in samples of subjects with cleft lip and palate. SUBJECTS We analyzed DNA samples from a male patient and his parents seen during surgical screening for an Operation Smile medical mission in the Philippines. METHOD We used Affymetrix® Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 followed by sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction using SYBR Green I dye. RESULTS We report the second case of 3q29 microdeletion syndrome including cleft lip with or without cleft palate and the first case of this microdeletion syndrome inherited from a phenotypically normal mosaic parent. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm the usefulness of a comparative genomic hybridization to detect causal microdeletions and indicate that parental somatic mosaicism should be considered in healthy parents for genetic counseling of the families. We discuss important ethical implications of sharing health impact results from research studies with the participant families.
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van Ravenswaaij-Arts CMA, Kleefstra T. Emerging microdeletion and microduplication syndromes; the counseling paradigm. Eur J Med Genet 2009; 52:75-6. [PMID: 19324103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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