A novel COLEC10 mutation in a child with 3MC syndrome

COLEC10 Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Occupying GRP78 and Inhibiting Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Collectin subfamily member 10 (COLEC10), a C-type lectin mainly expressed in the liver, is involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its underlying molecular mechanism in HCC progression remains unknown. In this study, reduced COLEC10 expression in tumor tissues was validated by various HCC cohorts and was associated with poor patient prognosis. COLEC10 overexpression attenuated HCC cell growth and migration abilities in vitro and in vivo. We identified that COLEC10 was a novel interactor of GRP78, a master modulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). COLEC10 overexpression potentiated ER stress in HCC cells, as demonstrated by elevated expression levels of p-PERK, p-IRE1α, ATF4, CHOP, and XBP-1s. The ER in COLEC10 overexpressing cells also showed a dilated and fragmented pattern. Mechanistically, COLEC10 overexpression increases GRP78 occupancy through direct binding by C-terminal CRD in the ER, which released and activated the ER stress transducers PERK and IRE1α, triggering the UPR activity. COLEC10 overexpressing HCC cells generated a relatively high ROS level and switched to apoptotic cell death under sorafenib-treated conditions. Our study provides the first novel view that COLEC10 inhibits HCC progression by regulating GRP78-mediated ER stress signaling and may serve as a promising therapeutic and prognostic biomarker.

Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of COLEC10-Related 3MC syndrome: A glimpse into COLEC10-Related 3MC syndrome in the Ashkenazi Jewish population

Bi-allelic variants in COLEC11 and MASP1 have been associated with 3MC syndrome, a clinical entity made of up four rare autosomal recessive disorders: Carnevale, Mingarelli, Malpuech, and Michels syndromes, characterized by variable expression of facial dysmorphia, cleft lip/palate, postnatal growth deficiency, hearing loss, cognitive impairment, craniosynostosis, radioulnar synostosis, and genital and vesicorenal anomalies. More recently, bi-allelic variants in COLEC10 have been described to be associated with 3MC syndrome. Syndromic features seen in 3MC syndrome are thought to be due to disruption of the chemoattractant properties that influence neural crest cell migration. We identified nine individuals from five families of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with homozygosity of the c.311G > T (p.Gly104Val) variant in COLEC10 and phenotype consistent with 3MC syndrome. Carrier frequency was calculated among 52,278 individuals of Jewish descent. Testing revealed 400 carriers out of 39,750 individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, giving a carrier frequency of 1 in 99 or 1.01%. Molecular protein modeling suggested that the p.Gly104Val substitution alters local conformation. The c.311G > T (p.Gly104Val) variant likely represents a founder variant, and homozygosity is associated with features of 3MC syndrome. 3MC syndrome should be in the differential diagnosis for individuals with short stature, radioulnar synostosis, cleft lip and cleft palate.