1
|
di Franco F, Rosuel N, Gallin-Martel L, Gallin-Martel ML, Ghafooryan-Sangchooli M, Keshmiri S, Motte JF, Muraz JF, Pellicioli P, Ruat M, Serduc R, Verry C, Dauvergne D, Adam JF. Monocrystalline diamond detector for online monitoring during synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:1076-1085. [PMID: 37815374 PMCID: PMC10624038 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752300752x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a radiotherapy technique combining spatial fractionation of the dose distribution on a micrometric scale, X-rays in the 50-500 keV range and dose rates up to 16 × 103 Gy s-1. Nowadays, in vivo dosimetry remains a challenge due to the ultra-high radiation fluxes involved and the need for high-spatial-resolution detectors. The aim here was to develop a striped diamond portal detector enabling online microbeam monitoring during synchrotron MRT treatments. The detector, a 550 µm bulk monocrystalline diamond, is an eight-strip device, of height 3 mm, width 178 µm and with 60 µm spaced strips, surrounded by a guard ring. An eight-channel ASIC circuit for charge integration and digitization has been designed and tested. Characterization tests were performed at the ID17 biomedical beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The detector measured direct and attenuated microbeams as well as interbeam fluxes with a precision level of 1%. Tests on phantoms (RW3 and anthropomorphic head phantoms) were performed and compared with simulations. Synchrotron radiation measurements were performed on an RW3 phantom for strips facing a microbeam and for strips facing an interbeam area. A 2% difference between experiments and simulations was found. In more complex geometries, a preliminary study showed that the absolute differences between simulated and recorded transmitted beams were within 2%. Obtained results showed the feasibility of performing MRT portal monitoring using a microstriped diamond detector. Online dosimetric measurements are currently ongoing during clinical veterinary trials at ESRF, and the next 153-strip detector prototype, covering the entire irradiation field, is being finalized at our institution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca di Franco
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Rosuel
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sarvenaz Keshmiri
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
| | - Jean-François Motte
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Institut Néel, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Muraz
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Raphael Serduc
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Camille Verry
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Dauvergne
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC UMR5821, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Adam
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, UGA/INSERM UA7 STROBE, 2280 Rue de la Piscine, 38400 Saint-Martin d’Hères, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, CS10217, 38043 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El Gamal I, Dessureault J, McEwen MR. A novel calorimeter for synchrotron produced monochromatic x-ray beams. Med Phys 2023; 50:6543-6553. [PMID: 37287315 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electron synchrotrons produce x-ray beams with dose rates orders of magnitude greater than conventional x-ray tubes and with beam sizes on the order of a few millimeters. These characteristics put severe challenges on current dosimeters to accurately realize absorbed dose or air kerma. PURPOSE This work seeks to investigate the suitability of a novel aluminum-based calorimeter to determine absorbed dose to water with an uncertainty significantly smaller than currently possible with conventional detectors. A lower uncertainty in the determination of absolute dose rate would impact both therapeutic applications of synchrotron-produced x-ray beams and research investigations. METHODS A vacuum-based calorimeter prototype with an aluminum core was built, matching the beam profile of the 140 keV monochromatic x-ray beam, produced by the Canadian Light Source Biomedical Imaging and Therapy beamline. The choice of material and overall calorimeter design was optimized using FEM thermal modeling software while Monte Carlo radiation transport simulations were used to model the impact of interactions of the radiation beam with the detector components. RESULTS Corrections for both the thermal conduction and radiation transport effects were of the order of 3% and the simplicity of the geometry, combined with the monochromatic nature of the incident x-ray beam, meant that the uncertainty in each correction was ≤0.5%. The calorimeter performance was found to be repeatable over multiple irradiations of 1 Gy at the ± 0.6% level, and no systematic dependence on environmental effects or total dose was observed. CONCLUSION The combined standard uncertainty in the determination of absorbed dose to aluminum was estimated to be 0.8%, indicating that absorbed dose to water, the ultimate quantity of interest, could be determined with an uncertainty on the order of 1%. This value is an improvement over current techniques used for synchrotron dosimetry and comparable with the state-of-the art for conventional kV x-ray dosimetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam El Gamal
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Dessureault
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malcolm R McEwen
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Breslin T, Paino J, Wegner M, Engels E, Fiedler S, Forrester H, Rennau H, Bustillo J, Cameron M, Häusermann D, Hall C, Krause D, Hildebrandt G, Lerch M, Schültke E. A Novel Anthropomorphic Phantom Composed of Tissue-Equivalent Materials for Use in Experimental Radiotherapy: Design, Dosimetry and Biological Pilot Study. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:230. [PMID: 37366825 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of anthropomorphic phantoms generated from tissue-equivalent materials is challenging but offers an excellent copy of the typical environment encountered in typical patients. High-quality dosimetry measurements and the correlation of the measured dose with the biological effects elicited by it are a prerequisite in preparation of clinical trials with novel radiotherapy approaches. We designed and produced a partial upper arm phantom from tissue-equivalent materials for use in experimental high-dose-rate radiotherapy. The phantom was compared to original patient data using density values and Hounsfield units obtained from CT scans. Dose simulations were conducted for broad-beam irradiation and microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) and compared to values measured in a synchrotron radiation experiment. Finally, we validated the phantom in a pilot experiment with human primary melanoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Breslin
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jason Paino
- Centre of Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | - Marie Wegner
- Institute of Product Development and Mechanical Engineering Design, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elette Engels
- Centre of Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron/ANSTO, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Stefan Fiedler
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Hamburg Outstation, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helen Forrester
- School of Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Melbourne 3001, Australia
| | - Hannes Rennau
- Department of Radiooncology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - John Bustillo
- Centre of Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Dieter Krause
- Institute of Product Development and Mechanical Engineering Design, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Hildebrandt
- Department of Radiooncology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre of Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong 2522, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Schültke
- Department of Radiooncology, Rostock University Medical Center, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mentzel F, Paino J, Barnes M, Cameron M, Corde S, Engels E, Kröninger K, Lerch M, Nackenhorst O, Rosenfeld A, Tehei M, Tsoi AC, Vogel S, Weingarten J, Hagenbuchner M, Guatelli S. Accurate and Fast Deep Learning Dose Prediction for a Preclinical Microbeam Radiation Therapy Study Using Low-Statistics Monte Carlo Simulations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072137. [PMID: 37046798 PMCID: PMC10093595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) utilizes coplanar synchrotron radiation beamlets and is a proposed treatment approach for several tumor diagnoses that currently have poor clinical treatment outcomes, such as gliosarcomas. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are one of the most used methods at the Imaging and Medical Beamline, Australian Synchrotron to calculate the dose in MRT preclinical studies. The steep dose gradients associated with the 50μm-wide coplanar beamlets present a significant challenge for precise MC simulation of the dose deposition of an MRT irradiation treatment field in a short time frame. The long computation times inhibit the ability to perform dose optimization in treatment planning or apply online image-adaptive radiotherapy techniques to MRT. Much research has been conducted on fast dose estimation methods for clinically available treatments. However, such methods, including GPU Monte Carlo implementations and machine learning (ML) models, are unavailable for novel and emerging cancer radiotherapy options such as MRT. In this work, the successful application of a fast and accurate ML dose prediction model for a preclinical MRT rodent study is presented for the first time. The ML model predicts the peak doses in the path of the microbeams and the valley doses between them, delivered to the tumor target in rat patients. A CT imaging dataset is used to generate digital phantoms for each patient. Augmented variations of the digital phantoms are used to simulate with Geant4 the energy depositions of an MRT beam inside the phantoms with 15% (high-noise) and 2% (low-noise) statistical uncertainty. The high-noise MC simulation data are used to train the ML model to predict the energy depositions in the digital phantoms. The low-noise MC simulations data are used to test the predictive power of the ML model. The predictions of the ML model show an agreement within 3% with low-noise MC simulations for at least 77.6% of all predicted voxels (at least 95.9% of voxels containing tumor) in the case of the valley dose prediction and for at least 93.9% of all predicted voxels (100.0% of voxels containing tumor) in the case of the peak dose prediction. The successful use of high-noise MC simulations for the training, which are much faster to produce, accelerates the production of the training data of the ML model and encourages transfer of the ML model to different treatment modalities for other future applications in novel radiation cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mentzel
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jason Paino
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Micah Barnes
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Imaging and Medical Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Physical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Matthew Cameron
- Imaging and Medical Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Stéphanie Corde
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Elette Engels
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Imaging and Medical Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Physical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Kevin Kröninger
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Olaf Nackenhorst
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anatoly Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Moeava Tehei
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Ah Chung Tsoi
- School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Sarah Vogel
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Jens Weingarten
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Markus Hagenbuchner
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Comparison of the dosimetric response of two Sr salts irradiated with 60Co γ-rays and synchrotron X-rays at ultra-high dose rate. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
|
6
|
Mentzel F, Kröninger K, Lerch M, Nackenhorst O, Rosenfeld A, Tsoi AC, Weingarten J, Hagenbuchner M, Guatelli S. Small beams, fast predictions: a comparison of machine learning dose prediction models for proton minibeam therapy. Med Phys 2022; 49:7791-7801. [PMID: 36309820 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dose calculations for novel radiotherapy cancer treatments such as proton minibeam radiation therapy is often done using full Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. As MC simulations can be very time consuming for this kind of application, deep learning models have been considered to accelerate dose estimation in cancer patients. PURPOSE This work systematically evaluates the dose prediction accuracy, speed and generalization performance of three selected state-of-the-art deep learning models for dose prediction applied to the proton minibeam therapy. The strengths and weaknesses of those models are thoroughly investigated, helping other researchers to decide on a viable algorithm for their own application. METHODS The following recently published models are compared: first, a 3D U-Net model trained as a regression network, second, a 3D U-Net trained as a generator of a generative adversarial network (GAN) and third, a dose transformer model which interprets the dose prediction as a sequence translation task. These models are trained to emulate the result of MC simulations. The dose depositions of a proton minibeam with a diameter of 800μm and an energy of 20-100 MeV inside a simple head phantom calculated by full Geant4 MC simulations are used as a case study for this comparison. The spatial resolution is 0.5 mm. Special attention is put on the evaluation of the generalization performance of the investigated models. RESULTS Dose predictions with all models are produced in the order of a second on a GPU, the 3D U-Net models being fastest with an average of 130 ms. An investigated 3D U-Net regression model is found to show the strongest performance with overall 61.0 % ± $\%\pm$ 0.5% of all voxels exhibiting a deviation in energy deposition prediction of less than 3% compared to full MC simulations with no spatial deviation allowed. The 3D U-Net models are observed to show better generalization performance for target geometry variations, while the transformer-based model shows better generalization with regard to the proton energy. CONCLUSIONS This paper reveals that (1) all studied deep learning models are significantly faster than non-machine learning approaches predicting the dose in the order of seconds compared to hours for MC, (2) all models provide reasonable accuracy, and (3) the regression-trained 3D U-Net provides the most accurate predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Mentzel
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - K Kröninger
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - O Nackenhorst
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A C Tsoi
- School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Weingarten
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Hagenbuchner
- School of Computing and Information Technology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keshmiri S, Brocard S, Serduc R, Adam JF. A high resolution dose calculation engine for x-ray microbeams radiation therapy. Med Phys 2022; 49:3999-4017. [PMID: 35342953 PMCID: PMC9322281 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a treatment modality based on spatial fractionation of synchrotron generated x-rays into parallel, high dose, microbeams of a few microns width. MRT is still an under-development radiosurgery technique for which, promising preclinical results on brain tumors and epilepsy encourages its clinical transfer. PURPOSE A safe clinical transfer of MRT needs a specific treatment planning system (TPS) that provides accurate dose calculations in human patients, taking into account the MRT beams properties (high dose gradients, spatial fractionation, polarization effects). So far, the most advanced MRT treatment planning system, based on a hybrid dose calculation algorithm, is limited to a macroscopic rendering of the dose and does not account for the complex dose distribution inherent to MRT if delivered as conformal irradiations with multiple incidences. For overcoming these limitations, a multi-scale full Monte-Carlo calculation engine called penMRT has been developed and benchmarked against two general purpose Monte Carlo codes: penmain based on PENELOPE and Gate based on Geant4. METHODS PenMRT, is based on the PENELOPE (2018) Monte Carlo (MC) code, modified to take into account the voxelized geometry of the patients (CT-scans) and offering an adaptive micrometric dose calculation grid independent to the CT size, location and orientation. The implementation of the dynamic memory allocation in penMRT, makes the simulations feasible within a huge number of dose scoring bins. The possibility of using a source replication approach to simulate arrays of microbeams, and the parallelization using OpenMPI have been added to penMRT in order to increase the calculation speed for clinical usages. This engine can be implemented in a TPS as a dose calculation core. RESULTS The performance tests highlight the reliability of penMRT to be used for complex irradiation conditions in MRT. The benchmarking against a standard PENELOPE code did not show any significant difference for calculations in centimetric beams, for a single microbeam and for a microbeam array. The comparisons between penMRT and Gate as an independent MC code did not show any difference in the beam paths, whereas in valley regions, relative differences between the two codes rank from 1 to 7.5% which are probably due to the differences in physics lists that are used in these two codes. The reliability of the source replication approach has also been tested and validated with an underestimation of no more than 0.6% in low dose areas. CONCLUSIONS Good agreements (a relative difference between 0 to 8%) were found when comparing calculated peak to valley dose ratio (PVDR) values using penMRT, for irradiations with a full microbeam array, with calculated values in the literature. The high-resolution calculated dose maps obtained with penMRT are used to extract differential and cumulative dose-volume histograms (DVHs) and analyze treatment plans with much finer metrics regarding the irradiation complexity. To our knowledge, these are the first high-resolution dose maps and associated DVHs ever obtained for cross-fired microbeams irradiation, which is bringing a significant added value to the field of treatment planning in spatially fractionated radiation therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvan Brocard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA07 STROBE, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Raphaël Serduc
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA07 STROBE, Grenoble, 38000, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Jean-François Adam
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA07 STROBE, Grenoble, 38000, France.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, 38000, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mentzel F, Kroninger K, Lerch M, Nackenhorst O, Paino J, Rosenfeld A, Saraswati A, Tsoi AC, Weingarten J, Hagenbuchner M, Guatelli S. Fast and accurate dose predictions for novel radiotherapy treatments in heterogeneous phantoms using conditional 3D‐UNet generative adversarial networks. Med Phys 2022; 49:3389-3404. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.15555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mentzel
- Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Dortmund 44225 Germany
| | - Kevin Kroninger
- Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Dortmund 44225 Germany
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Olaf Nackenhorst
- Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Dortmund 44225 Germany
| | - Jason Paino
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Anatoly Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Ayu Saraswati
- School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Ah Chung Tsoi
- School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Jens Weingarten
- Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Dortmund 44225 Germany
| | - Markus Hagenbuchner
- School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Davis J, Dipuglia A, Cameron M, Paino J, Cullen A, Guatelli S, Petasecca M, Rosenfeld A, Lerch M. Evaluation of silicon strip detectors in transmission mode for online beam monitoring in microbeam radiation therapy at the Australian Synchrotron. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:125-137. [PMID: 34985430 PMCID: PMC8733993 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521011140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Successful transition of synchrotron-based microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) from pre-clinical animal studies to human trials is dependent upon ensuring that there are sufficient and adequate measures in place for quality assurance purposes. Transmission detectors provide researchers and clinicians with a real-time quality assurance and beam-monitoring instrument to ensure safe and accurate dose delivery. In this work, the effect of transmission detectors of different thicknesses (10 and 375 µm) upon the photon energy spectra and dose deposition of spatially fractionated synchrotron radiation is quantified experimentally and by means of a dedicated Geant4 simulation study. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the presence of the 375 µm thick transmission detector results in an approximately 1-6% decrease in broad-beam and microbeam peak dose. The capability to account for the reduction in dose and change to the peak-to-valley dose ratio justifies the use of transmission detectors as thick as 375 µm in MRT provided that treatment planning systems are able to account for their presence. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the presence of the 10 µm thick transmission detector shows a negligible impact (<0.5%) on the photon energy spectra, dose delivery and microbeam structure for both broad-beam and microbeam cases. Whilst the use of 375 µm thick detectors would certainly be appropriate, based upon the idea of best practice the authors recommend that 10 µm thick transmission detectors of this sort be utilized as a real-time quality assurance and beam-monitoring tool during MRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Davis
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Dipuglia
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew Cameron
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Paino
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ashley Cullen
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marco Petasecca
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anatoly Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Lerch
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Laissue JA, Barré S, Bartzsch S, Blattmann H, Bouchet AM, Djonov VG, Haberthür D, Hlushchuk R, Kaser-Hotz B, Laissue PP, LeDuc G, Reding SO, Serduc R. Tolerance of Normal Rabbit Facial Bones and Teeth to Synchrotron X-Ray Microbeam Irradiation. Radiat Res 2021; 197:233-241. [PMID: 34755190 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00032.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy, an alternative radiosurgical treatment under preclinical investigation, aims to safely treat muzzle tumors in pet animals. This will require data on the largely unknown radiation toxicity of microbeam arrays for bones and teeth. To this end, the muzzle of six young adult New Zealand rabbits was irradiated by a lateral array of microplanar beamlets with peak entrance doses of 200, 330 or 500 Gy. The muzzles were examined 431 days postirradiation by computed microtomographic imaging (micro-CT) ex vivo, and extensive histopathology. The boundaries of the radiation field were identified histologically by microbeam tracks in cartilage and other tissues. There was no radionecrosis of facial bones in any rabbit. Conversely, normal incisor teeth exposed to peak entrance doses of 330 Gy or 500 Gy developed marked caries-like damage, whereas the incisors of the two rabbits exposed to 200 Gy remained unscathed. A single, unidirectional array of microbeams with a peak entrance dose ≤200 Gy (valley dose14 Gy) did not damage normal bone, teeth and soft tissues of the muzzle of normal rabbits longer than one year after irradiation. Because of that, Microbeam radiation therapy of muzzle tumors in pet animals is unlikely to cause sizeable damage to normal teeth, bone and soft tissues, if a single array as used here delivers a limited entrance dose of 200 Gy and a valley dose of ≤14 Gy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Albert Laissue
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH -3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Barré
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH -3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar - TU Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Blattmann
- Niederwiesstrasse 13C, CH-5417 Untersiggenthal, Switzerland
| | - Audrey M Bouchet
- INSERM UA8, "Radiations : Défense, Santé, Environnement," 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - David Haberthür
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH -3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Hlushchuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, CH -3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
A Brief Overview of the Preclinical and Clinical Radiobiology of Microbeam Radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:705-712. [PMID: 34454806 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Microbeam radiotherapy (MRT) is the delivery of spatially fractionated beams that have the potential to offer significant improvements in the therapeutic ratio due to the delivery of micron-sized high dose and dose rate beams. They build on longstanding clinical experience of GRID radiotherapy and more recently lattice-based approaches. Here we briefly overview the preclinical evidence for MRT efficacy and highlight the challenges for bringing this to clinical utility. The biological mechanisms underpinning MRT efficacy are still unclear, but involve vascular, bystander, stem cell and potentially immune responses. There is probably significant overlap in the mechanisms underpinning MRT responses and FLASH radiotherapy that needs to be further defined.
Collapse
|
12
|
Trappetti V, Fazzari JM, Fernandez-Palomo C, Scheidegger M, Volarevic V, Martin OA, Djonov VG. Microbeam Radiotherapy-A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Overcome Radioresistance and Enhance Anti-Tumour Response in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7755. [PMID: 34299373 PMCID: PMC8303317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, due to its invasiveness and limited treatment efficacy. The main therapy for primary melanoma and solitary organ metastases is wide excision. Adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy and targeted therapies are mainly used for disseminated disease. Radiotherapy (RT) is a powerful treatment option used in more than 50% of cancer patients, however, conventional RT alone is unable to eradicate melanoma. Its general radioresistance is attributed to overexpression of repair genes in combination with cascades of biochemical repair mechanisms. A novel sophisticated technique based on synchrotron-generated, spatially fractionated RT, called Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT), has been shown to overcome these treatment limitations by allowing increased dose delivery. With MRT, a collimator subdivides the homogeneous radiation field into an array of co-planar, high-dose microbeams that are tens of micrometres wide and spaced a few hundred micrometres apart. Different preclinical models demonstrated that MRT has the potential to completely ablate tumours, or significantly improve tumour control while dramatically reducing normal tissue toxicity. Here, we discuss the role of conventional RT-induced immunity and the potential for MRT to enhance local and systemic anti-tumour immune responses. Comparative gene expression analysis from preclinical tumour models indicated a specific gene signature for an 'MRT-induced immune effect'. This focused review highlights the potential of MRT to overcome the inherent radioresistance of melanoma which could be further enhanced for future clinical use with combined treatment strategies, in particular, immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verdiana Trappetti
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Jennifer M. Fazzari
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Cristian Fernandez-Palomo
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Maximilian Scheidegger
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
| | - Vladislav Volarevic
- Department of Genetics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Olga A. Martin
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Division of Radiation Oncology, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Valentin G. Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (V.T.); (J.M.F.); (C.F.-P.); (M.S.); (O.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Laissue JA. Elke Bräuer-Krisch: dedication, creativity and generosity: May 17, 1961-September 10, 2018. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:280-287. [PMID: 34129423 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1941385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This extraordinary woman worked her professional way from a radiation protection engineer to become the successful principal investigator of a prestigious international European project for a new radiation therapy (ERC Synergy grant, HORIZON 2020). The evaluation of the submitted proposal was very positive. The panel proposed that it be funded. Elke tragically passed away a few days before this conclusion of the panel. The present account describes her gradual career development; it includes many episodes that Elke personally chronicled in her curriculum of 2017. METHODS An internet literature search was performed using Google Scholar and other sources to assist in the writing of this narrative review and account. CONCLUSIONS In parallel to the development of the new Biomedical Beamline ID17 at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble in the late nineties, Elke focused her interest and her personal and professional priorities on MRT, particularly on its clinical goals. She outlined her main objectives in several documents: (1) develop a new paradigm of cancer care by broadening the foundation for MRT. (2) Filling the gaps in basic biological knowledge about the mechanisms of MRT effects on normal and neoplastic tissues. (3) Broaden the preclinical level of evidence for the low normal organ toxicity of MRT versus standard X-ray irradiations; preclinical experiments involved the application of MRT to animal tumor patients, to animals of larger size than laboratory rodents, using larger radiation field sizes, and irradiating in a real-time scenario comparable to the one planned for human patients. (4) To foster the specific purpose of radiosurgical MRT of tumor patients at the ESRF that required development of new, specific state of the art modalities and tools for treatment planning, dosimetry, dose calculation, patient positioning and, of particular importance, redundant levels of patient safety. Just as she was about to take responsibility as principal investigator for a prestigious international European project on a new radiation therapy, death called Elke in.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Laissue
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rahman M, Ashraf MR, Zhang R, Gladstone DJ, Cao X, Williams BB, Hoopes PJ, Pogue BW, Bruza P. Spatial and temporal dosimetry of individual electron FLASH beam pulses using radioluminescence imaging. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:10.1088/1361-6560/ac0390. [PMID: 34015774 PMCID: PMC10468779 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose.In this study, spatio-temporal beam profiling for electron ultra-high dose rate (UHDR; >40 Gy s-1) radiation via Cherenkov emission and radioluminescence imaging was investigated using intensified complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor cameras.Methods.The cameras, gated to FLASH optimized linear accelerator pulses, imaged radioluminescence and Cherenkov emission incited by single pulses of a UHDR (>40 Gy s-1) 10 MeV electron beam delivered to the isocenter. Surface dosimetry was investigated via imaging Cherenkov emission or scintillation from a solid water phantom or Gd2O2S:Tb screen positioned on top of the phantom, respectively. Projected depth-dose profiles were imaged from a tank filled with water (Cherenkov emission) and a 1 g l-1quinine sulfate solution (scintillation). These optical results were compared with projected lateral dose profiles measured by Gafchromic film at different depths, including the surface.Results.The per-pulse beam output from Cherenkov imaging agreed with the photomultiplier tube Cherenkov output to within 3% after about the first five to seven ramp-up pulses. Cherenkov emission and scintillation were linear with dose (R2 = 0.987 and 0.995, respectively) and independent of dose rate from ∼50 to 300 Gy s-1(0.18-0.91 Gy/pulse). The surface dose distribution from film agreed better with scintillation than with Cherenkov emission imaging (3%/3 mm gamma pass rates of 98.9% and 88.8%, respectively). Using a 450 nm bandpass filter, the quinine sulfate-based water imaging of the projected depth optical profiles agreed with the projected film dose to within 5%.Conclusion.The agreement of surface dosimetry using scintillation screen imaging and Gafchromic film suggests it can verify the consistency of daily beam quality assurance parameters with an accuracy of around 2% or 2 mm. Cherenkov-based surface dosimetry was affected by the target's optical properties, prompting additional calibration. In projected depth-dose profiling, scintillation imaging via spectral suppression of Cherenkov emission provided the best match to film. Both camera-based imaging modalities resolved dose from single UHDR beam pulses of up to 60 Hz repetition rate and 1 mm spatial resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubur Rahman
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
| | - M. Ramish Ashraf
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
| | - Rongxiao Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
- Department of Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
| | - David J. Gladstone
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
- Department of Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
| | - Xu Cao
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
| | - Benjamin B. Williams
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
- Department of Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
| | - P. Jack Hoopes
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
- Department of Medicine, Radiation Oncology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College Hanover NH 03755 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
- Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
- Department of Surgery, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | - Petr Bruza
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, US
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dosimetric investigations on radiation-induced Ag nanoparticles in a gel dosimeter. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07776-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
16
|
Nesteruk KP, Togno M, Grossmann M, Lomax AJ, Weber DC, Schippers JM, Safai S, Meer D, Psoroulas S. Commissioning of a clinical pencil beam scanning proton therapy unit for ultra-high dose rates (FLASH). Med Phys 2021; 48:4017-4026. [PMID: 33963576 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work was to provide a flexible platform for FLASH research with protons by adapting a former clinical pencil beam scanning gantry to irradiations with ultra-high dose rates. METHODS PSI Gantry 1 treated patients until December 2018. We optimized the beamline parameters to transport the 250 MeV beam extracted from the PSI COMET accelerator to the treatment room, maximizing the transmission of beam intensity to the sample. We characterized a dose monitor on the gantry to ensure good control of the dose, delivered in spot-scanning mode. We characterized the beam for different dose rates and field sizes for transmission irradiations. We explored scanning possibilities in order to enable conformal irradiations or transmission irradiations of large targets (with transverse scanning). RESULTS We achieved a transmission of 86% from the cyclotron to the treatment room. We reached a peak dose rate of 9000 Gy/s at 3 mm water equivalent depth, along the central axis of a single pencil beam. Field sizes of up to 5 × 5 mm2 were achieved for single-spot FLASH irradiations. Fast transverse scanning allowed to cover a field of 16 × 1.2 cm2 . With the use of a nozzle-mounted range shifter, we are able to span depths in water ranging from 19.6 to 37.9 cm. Various dose levels were delivered with precision within less than 1%. CONCLUSIONS We have realized a proton FLASH irradiation setup able to investigate continuously a wide dose rate spectrum, from 1 to 9000 Gy/s in single-spot irradiation as well as in the pencil beam scanning mode. As such, we have developed a versatile test bench for FLASH research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad P Nesteruk
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Michele Togno
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Grossmann
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Anthony J Lomax
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Damien C Weber
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jacobus M Schippers
- Division of Large Research Facilities, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Sairos Safai
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - David Meer
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Serena Psoroulas
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huart L, Nicolas C, Hervé du Penhoat MA, Guigner JM, Gosse C, Palaudoux J, Lefrançois S, Mercere P, Dasilva P, Renault JP, Chevallard C. A microfluidic dosimetry cell to irradiate solutions with poorly penetrating radiations: a step towards online dosimetry for synchrotron beamlines. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:778-789. [PMID: 33949986 PMCID: PMC8127378 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521002691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron radiation can induce sample damage, whether intended or not. In the case of sensitive samples, such as biological ones, modifications can be significant. To understand and predict the effects due to exposure, it is necessary to know the ionizing radiation dose deposited in the sample. In the case of aqueous samples, deleterious effects are mostly induced by the production of reactive oxygen species via water radiolysis. These species are therefore good indicators of the dose. Here the application of a microfluidic cell specifically optimized for low penetrating soft X-ray radiation is reported. Sodium benzoate was used as a fluorescent dosimeter thanks to its specific detection of hydroxyl radicals, a radiolytic product of water. Measurements at 1.28 keV led to the determination of a hydroxyl production yield, G(HO.), of 0.025 ± 0.004 µmol J-1. This result is in agreement with the literature and confirms the high linear energy transfer behavior of soft X-rays. An analysis of the important parameters of the microfluidic dosimetry cell, as well as their influences over dosimetry, is also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Huart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- IMPMC, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MNHN, 75005 Paris, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91 192 Saint Aubin, France
| | | | | | | | - Charlie Gosse
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Day LRJ, Donzelli M, Pellicioli P, Smyth LML, Barnes M, Bartzsch S, Crosbie JC. A commercial treatment planning system with a hybrid dose calculation algorithm for synchrotron radiotherapy trials. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:055016. [PMID: 33373979 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synchrotron Radiotherapy (SyncRT) is a preclinical radiation treatment which delivers synchrotron x-rays to cancer targets. SyncRT allows for novel treatments such as Microbeam Radiotherapy, which has been shown to have exceptional healthy tissue sparing capabilities while maintaining good tumour control. Veterinary trials in SyncRT are anticipated to take place in the near future at the Australian Synchrotron's Imaging and Medical Beamline (IMBL). However, before veterinary trials can commence, a computerised treatment planning system (TPS) is required, which can quickly and accurately calculate the synchrotron x-ray dose through patient CT images. Furthermore, SyncRT TPS's must be familiar and intuitive to radiotherapy planners in order to alleviate necessary training and reduce user error. We have paired an accurate and fast Monte Carlo (MC) based SyncRT dose calculation algorithm with EclipseTM, the most widely implemented commercial TPS in the clinic. Using EclipseTM, we have performed preliminary SyncRT trials on dog cadavers at the IMBL, and verified calculated doses against dosimetric measurement to within 5% for heterogeneous tissue-equivalent phantoms. We have also performed a validation of the TPS against a full MC simulation for constructed heterogeneous phantoms in EclipseTM, and showed good agreement for a range of water-like tissues to within 5%-8%. Our custom EclipseTM TPS for SyncRT is ready to perform live veterinary trials at the IMBL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L R J Day
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Donzelli
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France.,Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Pellicioli
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France.,Inserm UA7 STROBE, Grenoble Alps University, Grenoble, France.,Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - L M L Smyth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Barnes
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.,Physical Sciences, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,The Australian Synchrotron, Imaging and Medical Beamline, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Bartzsch
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.,Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - J C Crosbie
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu R, Higley KA, Swat MH, Chaplain MAJ, Powathil GG, Glazier JA. Development of a coupled simulation toolkit for computational radiation biology based on Geant4 and CompuCell3D. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:045026. [PMID: 33339019 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd4f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and designing clinical radiation therapy is one of the most important areas of state-of-the-art oncological treatment regimens. Decades of research have gone into developing sophisticated treatment devices and optimization protocols for schedules and dosages. In this paper, we presented a comprehensive computational platform that facilitates building of the sophisticated multi-cell-based model of how radiation affects the biology of living tissue. We designed and implemented a coupled simulation method, including a radiation transport model, and a cell biology model, to simulate the tumor response after irradiation. The radiation transport simulation was implemented through Geant4 which is an open-source Monte Carlo simulation platform that provides many flexibilities for users, as well as low energy DNA damage simulation physics, Geant4-DNA. The cell biology simulation was implemented using CompuCell3D (CC3D) which is a cell biology simulation platform. In order to couple Geant4 solver with CC3D, we developed a 'bridging' module, RADCELL, that extracts tumor cellular geometry of the CC3D simulation (including specification of the individual cells) and ported it to the Geant4 for radiation transport simulation. The cell dose and cell DNA damage distribution in multicellular system were obtained using Geant4. The tumor response was simulated using cell-based tissue models based on CC3D, and the cell dose and cell DNA damage information were fed back through RADCELL to CC3D for updating the cell properties. By merging two powerful and widely used modeling platforms, CC3D and Geant4, we delivered a novel tool that can give us the ability to simulate the dynamics of biological tissue in the presence of ionizing radiation, which provides a framework for quantifying the biological consequences of radiation therapy. In this introductory methods paper, we described our modeling platform in detail and showed how it can be applied to study the application of radiotherapy to a vascularized tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, 100 Radiation Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A Higley
- School of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, 100 Radiation Center, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States of America
| | - Maciej H Swat
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Mark A J Chaplain
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematical Institute, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Gibin G Powathil
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - James A Glazier
- Biocomplexity Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Esplen N, Mendonca MS, Bazalova-Carter M. Physics and biology of ultrahigh dose-rate (FLASH) radiotherapy: a topical review. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:23TR03. [PMID: 32721941 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abaa28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ultrahigh dose-rate radiotherapy (RT), or 'FLASH' therapy, has gained significant momentum following various in vivo studies published since 2014 which have demonstrated a reduction in normal tissue toxicity and similar tumor control for FLASH-RT when compared with conventional dose-rate RT. Subsequent studies have sought to investigate the potential for FLASH normal tissue protection and the literature has been since been inundated with publications on FLASH therapies. Today, FLASH-RT is considered by some as having the potential to 'revolutionize radiotherapy'. FLASH-RT is considered by some as having the potential to 'revolutionize radiotherapy'. The goal of this review article is to present the current state of this intriguing RT technique and to review existing publications on FLASH-RT in terms of its physical and biological aspects. In the physics section, the current landscape of ultrahigh dose-rate radiation delivery and dosimetry is presented. Specifically, electron, photon and proton radiation sources capable of delivering ultrahigh dose-rates along with their beam delivery parameters are thoroughly discussed. Additionally, the benefits and drawbacks of radiation detectors suitable for dosimetry in FLASH-RT are presented. The biology section comprises a summary of pioneering in vitro ultrahigh dose-rate studies performed in the 1960s and early 1970s and continues with a summary of the recent literature investigating normal and tumor tissue responses in electron, photon and proton beams. The section is concluded with possible mechanistic explanations of the FLASH normal-tissue protection effect (FLASH effect). Finally, challenges associated with clinical translation of FLASH-RT and its future prospects are critically discussed; specifically, proposed treatment machines and publications on treatment planning for FLASH-RT are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nolan Esplen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
External beam radiation therapy with kilovoltage x-rays. Phys Med 2020; 79:103-112. [PMID: 33221545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Kilovoltage (kV) x-rays are most commonly used for diagnostic imaging due to their sensitivity to tissue composition. In radiation therapy (RT), due to their fast attenuation, kV x-rays are typically only used for superficial irradiation of skin cancer and for intra-operative RT (IORT). Recently, however, a number of kV RT techniques have emerged. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the use of kV x-rays for RT. Various kV x-ray source technologies suitable for RT, such as conventional x-ray tubes as well as novel x-ray sources, are first described. This x-ray source section is then followed by a section on their implementation in terms of clinical, veterinary and preclinical applications. Specifically, IORT, superficial RT and dose enhancement with iodine and gold nanoparticles, as well as microbeam RT and FLASH RT are discussed in this context. Then, a number of kV x-ray RT applications in modeling and proof-of-principle stages, such as breast external beam RT with rotational sources, kilovoltage arc therapy and the BriXS Compton pulsed x-ray sources, are reviewed. Finally, some clinical and economic considerations for the development of kV RT techniques are discussed.
Collapse
|
22
|
A Monte Carlo intercomparison of peak-to-valley dose ratios and output factors for microbeam radiation therapy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
23
|
Gagliardi FM, Franich RD, Geso M. Nanoparticle dose enhancement of synchrotron radiation in PRESAGE dosimeters. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:1590-1600. [PMID: 33147183 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520012849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physical absorbed dose enhancement by the inclusion of gold and bismuth nanoparticles fabricated into water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters was investigated. Nanoparticle-loaded water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters were irradiated with superficial, synchrotron and megavoltage X-ray beams. The change in optical density of the dosimeters was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry pre- and post-irradiation using a wavelength of 630 nm. Dose enhancement was measured for 5 nm and 50 nm monodispersed gold nanoparticles, 5-50 nm polydispersed bismuth nanoparticles, and 80 nm monodispersed bismuth nanoparticles at concentrations from 0.25 mM to 2 mM. The dose enhancement was highest for the 95.3 keV mean energy synchrotron beam (16-32%) followed by the 150 kVp superficial beam (12-21%) then the 6 MV beam (2-5%). The bismuth nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters produced a larger dose enhancement than the gold nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters in the synchrotron beam for the same concentration. For the superficial and megavoltage beams the dose enhancement was similar for both species of nanoparticles. The dose enhancement increased with nanoparticle concentration in the dosimeters; however, there was no observed nanoparticle size dependence on the dose enhancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank M Gagliardi
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, The Alfred, Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Rick D Franich
- School of Science, RMIT University, La Trobe Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Moshi Geso
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Plenty Road, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Niroomand‐Rad A, Chiu‐Tsao S, Grams MP, Lewis DF, Soares CG, Van Battum LJ, Das IJ, Trichter S, Kissick MW, Massillon‐JL G, Alvarez PE, Chan MF. Report of AAPM Task Group 235 Radiochromic Film Dosimetry: An Update to TG‐55. Med Phys 2020; 47:5986-6025. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.14497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Indra J. Das
- Radiation Oncology Northwestern University Memorial Hospital Chicago IL USA
| | - Samuel Trichter
- New York‐Presbyterian HospitalWeill Cornell Medical Center New York NY USA
| | | | - Guerda Massillon‐JL
- Instituto de Fisica Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Mexico City Mexico
| | - Paola E. Alvarez
- Imaging and Radiation Oncology Core MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA
| | - Maria F. Chan
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Basking Ridge NJ USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Morozov VN, Belousov AV, Zverev VI, Shtil AA, Kolyvanova MA, Krivoshapkin PV. The Prospects of Metal Oxide Nanoradiosensitizers: The Effect of the Elemental Composition of Particles and Characteristics of Radiation Sources on Enhancement of the Adsorbed Dose. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350920040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
26
|
Hainfeld JF, Ridwan SM, Stanishevskiy FY, Smilowitz HM. Iodine nanoparticle radiotherapy of human breast cancer growing in the brains of athymic mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15627. [PMID: 32973267 PMCID: PMC7515899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
About 30% of breast cancers metastasize to the brain; those widely disseminated are fatal typically in 3-4 months, even with the best available treatments, including surgery, drugs, and radiotherapy. To address this dire situation, we have developed iodine nanoparticles (INPs) that target brain tumors after intravenous (IV) injection. The iodine then absorbs X-rays during radiotherapy (RT), creating free radicals and local tumor damage, effectively boosting the local RT dose at the tumor. Efficacy was tested using the very aggressive human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC, MDA-MB-231 cells) growing in the brains of athymic nude mice. With a well-tolerated non-toxic IV dose of the INPs (7 g iodine/kg body weight), tumors showed a heavily iodinated rim surrounding the tumor having an average uptake of 2.9% iodine by weight, with uptake peaks at 4.5%. This is calculated to provide a dose enhancement factor of approximately 5.5 (peaks at 8.0), the highest ever reported for any radiation-enhancing agents. With RT alone (15 Gy, single dose), all animals died by 72 days; INP pretreatment resulted in longer-term remissions with 40% of mice surviving 150 days and 30% surviving > 280 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James F Hainfeld
- Nanoprobes, Inc., 95 Horseblock Rd., Unit 1, Yaphank, NY, 11980, USA.
| | - Sharif M Ridwan
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | | | - Henry M Smilowitz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mittone A, Fardin L, Di Lillo F, Fratini M, Requardt H, Mauro A, Homs-Regojo RA, Douissard PA, Barbone GE, Stroebel J, Romano M, Massimi L, Begani-Provinciali G, Palermo F, Bayat S, Cedola A, Coan P, Bravin A. Multiscale pink-beam microCT imaging at the ESRF-ID17 biomedical beamline. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:1347-1357. [PMID: 32876610 DOI: 10.1107/s160057752000911x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends in hard X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT) aim at increasing both spatial and temporal resolutions. These challenges require intense photon beams. Filtered synchrotron radiation beams, also referred to as `pink beams', which are emitted by wigglers or bending magnets, meet this need, owing to their broad energy range. In this work, the new microCT station installed at the biomedical beamline ID17 of the European Synchrotron is described and an overview of the preliminary results obtained for different biomedical-imaging applications is given. This new instrument expands the capabilities of the beamline towards sub-micrometre voxel size scale and simultaneous multi-resolution imaging. The current setup allows the acquisition of tomographic datasets more than one order of magnitude faster than with a monochromatic beam configuration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Mittone
- CELLS - ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Fardin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Francesca Di Lillo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michela Fratini
- CNR-Nanotec (Roma Unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Herwig Requardt
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Anthony Mauro
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Giacomo E Barbone
- Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Stroebel
- Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Mariele Romano
- Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- CNR-Nanotec (Roma Unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ginevra Begani-Provinciali
- CNR-Nanotec (Roma Unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Palermo
- CNR-Nanotec (Roma Unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sam Bayat
- STROBE Laboratory, INSERM UA7, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alessia Cedola
- CNR-Nanotec (Roma Unit), c/o Department of Physics, La Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Coan
- Ludwig Maximilian University, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
BriXS, a new X-ray inverse Compton source for medical applications. Phys Med 2020; 77:127-137. [PMID: 32829101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MariX is a research infrastructure conceived for multi-disciplinary studies, based on a cutting-edge system of combined electron accelerators at the forefront of the world-wide scenario of X-ray sources. The generation of X-rays over a large photon energy range will be enabled by two unique X-ray sources: a Free Electron Laser and an inverse Compton source, called BriXS (Bright compact X-ray Source). The X-ray beam provided by BriXS is expected to have an average energy tunable in the range 20-180 keV and intensities between 1011 and 1013 photon/s within a relative bandwidth ΔE/E=1-10%. These characteristics, together with a very small source size (~20 μm) and a good transverse coherence, will enable a wide range of applications in the bio-medical field. An additional unique feature of BriXS will be the possibility to make a quick switch of the X-ray energy between two values for dual-energy and K-edge subtraction imaging. In this paper, the expected characteristics of BriXS will be presented, with a particular focus on the features of interest to its possible medical applications.
Collapse
|
29
|
Burger K, Urban T, Dombrowsky AC, Dierolf M, Günther B, Bartzsch S, Achterhold K, Combs SE, Schmid TE, Wilkens JJ, Pfeiffer F. Technical and dosimetric realization of in vivo x-ray microbeam irradiations at the Munich Compact Light Source. Med Phys 2020; 47:5183-5193. [PMID: 32757280 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE X-ray microbeam radiation therapy is a preclinical concept for tumor treatment promising tissue sparing and enhanced tumor control. With its spatially separated, periodic micrometer-sized pattern, this method requires a high dose rate and a collimated beam typically available at large synchrotron radiation facilities. To treat small animals with microbeams in a laboratory-sized environment, we developed a dedicated irradiation system at the Munich Compact Light Source (MuCLS). METHODS A specially made beam collimation optic allows to increase x-ray fluence rate at the position of the target. Monte Carlo simulations and measurements were conducted for accurate microbeam dosimetry. The dose during irradiation is determined by a calibrated flux monitoring system. Moreover, a positioning system including mouse monitoring was built. RESULTS We successfully commissioned the in vivo microbeam irradiation system for an exemplary xenograft tumor model in the mouse ear. By beam collimation, a dose rate of up to 5.3 Gy/min at 25 keV was achieved. Microbeam irradiations using a tungsten collimator with 50 μm slit size and 350 μm center-to-center spacing were performed at a mean dose rate of 0.6 Gy/min showing a high peak-to-valley dose ratio of about 200 in the mouse ear. The maximum circular field size of 3.5 mm in diameter can be enlarged using field patching. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that we can perform in vivo microbeam experiments at the MuCLS with a dedicated dosimetry and positioning system to advance this promising radiation therapy method at commercially available compact microbeam sources. Peak doses of up to 100 Gy per treatment seem feasible considering a recent upgrade for higher photon flux. The system can be adapted for tumor treatment in different animal models, for example, in the hind leg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Burger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Theresa Urban
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Annique C Dombrowsky
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Martin Dierolf
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Benedikt Günther
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Klaus Achterhold
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Thomas E Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Jan J Wilkens
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.,Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Chair of Biomedical Physics, Department of Physics and Munich School of BioEngineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, 85748, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, München, 81675, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chicilo F, Hanson AL, Geisler FH, Belev G, Edgar A, Ramaswami KO, Chapman D, Kasap SO. Dose profiles and x-ray energy optimization for microbeam radiation therapy by high-dose, high resolution dosimetry using Sm-doped fluoroaluminate glass plates and Monte Carlo transport simulation. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:075010. [PMID: 32242527 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab7361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) utilizes highly collimated synchrotron generated x-rays to create narrow planes of high dose radiation for the treatment of tumors. Individual microbeams have a typical width of 30-50 µm and are separated by a distance of 200-500 µm. The dose delivered at the center of the beam is lethal to cells in the microbeam path, on the order of hundreds of Grays (Gy). The tissue between each microbeam is spared and helps aid in the repair of adjacent damaged tissue. Radiation interactions within the peak of the microbeam, such as the photoelectric effect and incoherent (atomic Compton) scattering, cause some dose to be delivered to the valley areas adjacent to the microbeams. As the incident x-ray energy is modified, radiation interactions within a material change and affect the probability of interactions, as well as the directionality and energy of ionizing particles (electrons) that deposit energy in the valley regions surrounding the microbeam peaks. It is crucial that the valley dose between microbeams be minimal to maintain the effectiveness of MRT. Using a monochromatic x-ray source with x-ray energies ranging from 30 to 150 keV, a detailed investigation into the effect of incident x-ray energy on the dose profiles of microbeams was performed using samarium doped fluoroaluminate (FA) glass as the medium. All dosimetric measurements were carried out using a purpose-built fluorescence confocal microscope dosimetric technique that used Sm-doped FA glass plates as the irradiated medium. Dose profiles are measured over a very a wide range of x-ray energies at micrometer resolution and dose distribution in the microbeam are mapped. The measured microbeam profiles at different energies are compared with the MCNP6 radiation transport code, a general transport code which can calculate the energy deposition of electrons as they pass through a given material. The experimentally measured distributions can be used to validate the results for electron energy deposition in fluoroaluminate glass. Code validation is necessary for using transport codes in future treatment planning for MRT and other radiation therapies. It is shown that simulated and measured micro beam-profiles are in good agreement, and micrometer level changes can be observed using this high-resolution dosimetry technique. Full width at 10% of the maximum peak (FW@10%) was used to quantify the microbeam width. Experimental measurements on FA glasses and simulations on the dependence of the FW@10% at various energies are in good agreement. Simulations on energy deposited in water indicate that FW@10% reaches a local minimum around energies 140 keV. In addition, variable slit width experiments were carried out at an incident x-ray energy of 100 keV in order to determine the effect of the narrowing slit width on the delivered peak dose. The microbeam width affects the peak dose, which decreases with the width of the microbeam. Experiments suggest that a typical microbeam width for MRT is likely to be between 20-50 µm based on this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Chicilo
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
A comparative dosimetry study of an alanine dosimeter with a PTW PinPoint chamber at ultra-high dose rates of synchrotron radiation. Phys Med 2020; 71:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
32
|
Bartzsch S, Corde S, Crosbie JC, Day L, Donzelli M, Krisch M, Lerch M, Pellicioli P, Smyth LML, Tehei M. Technical advances in x-ray microbeam radiation therapy. Phys Med Biol 2020; 65:02TR01. [PMID: 31694009 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab5507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last 25 years microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional radiation therapy at large, third generation synchrotrons. In MRT, a multi-slit collimator modulates a kilovoltage x-ray beam on a micrometer scale, creating peak dose areas with unconventionally high doses of several hundred Grays separated by low dose valley regions, where the dose remains well below the tissue tolerance level. Pre-clinical evidence demonstrates that such beam geometries lead to substantially reduced damage to normal tissue at equal tumour control rates and hence drastically increase the therapeutic window. Although the mechanisms behind MRT are still to be elucidated, previous studies indicate that immune response, tumour microenvironment, and the microvasculature may play a crucial role. Beyond tumour therapy, MRT has also been suggested as a microsurgical tool in neurological disorders and as a primer for drug delivery. The physical properties of MRT demand innovative medical physics and engineering solutions for safe treatment delivery. This article reviews technical developments in MRT and discusses existing solutions for dosimetric validation, reliable treatment planning and safety. Instrumentation at synchrotron facilities, including beam production, collimators and patient positioning systems, is also discussed. Specific solutions reviewed in this article include: dosimetry techniques that can cope with high spatial resolution, low photon energies and extremely high dose rates of up to 15 000 Gy s-1, dose calculation algorithms-apart from pure Monte Carlo Simulations-to overcome the challenge of small voxel sizes and a wide dynamic dose-range, and the use of dose-enhancing nanoparticles to combat the limited penetrability of a kilovoltage energy spectrum. Finally, concepts for alternative compact microbeam sources are presented, such as inverse Compton scattering set-ups and carbon nanotube x-ray tubes, that may facilitate the transfer of MRT into a hospital-based clinical environment. Intensive research in recent years has resulted in practical solutions to most of the technical challenges in MRT. Treatment planning, dosimetry and patient safety systems at synchrotrons have matured to a point that first veterinary and clinical studies in MRT are within reach. Should these studies confirm the promising results of pre-clinical studies, the authors are confident that MRT will become an effective new radiotherapy option for certain patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany. Helmholtz Centre Munich, Institute for Radiation Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
For the past several decades, synchrotron radiation has been extensively used to measure the spatial distribution and chemical affinity of elements found in trace concentrations (<few μg/g) in animal and human tissues. Intense and highly focused (lateral size of several micrometers) X-ray beams combined with small steps of photon energy tuning (2-3 eV) of synchrotron radiation allowed X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques to nondestructively and simultaneously detect trace elements as well as identify their chemical affinity and speciation in situ, respectively. Although limited by measurement time and radiation damage to the tissue, these techniques are commonly used to obtain two-dimensional and three-dimensional maps of several elements at synchrotron facilities around the world. The spatial distribution and chemistry of the trace elements obtained is then correlated to the targeted anatomical structures and to the biological functions (normal or pathological). For example, synchrotron-based in vitro studies of various human tissues showed significant differences between the normal and pathological distributions of metallic trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, and lead in relation to human diseases ranging from Parkinson's disease and cancer to osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Current research effort is aimed at not only measuring the abnormal elemental distributions associated with various diseases, but also indicate or discover possible biological mechanisms that could explain such observations. While a number of studies confirmed and strengthened previous knowledge, others revealed or suggested new possible roles of trace elements or provided a more accurate spatial distribution in relation to the underlying histology. This area of research is at the intersection of several current fundamental and applied scientific inquiries such as metabolomics, medicine, biochemistry, toxicology, food science, health physics, and environmental and public health.
Collapse
|
34
|
Flynn S, Price T, Allport PP, Silvestre Patallo I, Thomas R, Subiel A, Bartzsch S, Treibel F, Ahmed M, Jacobs-Headspith J, Edwards T, Jones I, Cathie D, Guerrini N, Sedgwick I. Evaluation of a pixelated large format CMOS sensor for x-ray microbeam radiotherapy. Med Phys 2019; 47:1305-1316. [PMID: 31837272 PMCID: PMC7078942 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Current techniques and procedures for dosimetry in microbeams typically rely on radiochromic film or small volume ionization chambers for validation and quality assurance in 2D and 1D, respectively. Whilst well characterized for clinical and preclinical radiotherapy, these methods are noninstantaneous and do not provide real time profile information. The objective of this work is to determine the suitability of the newly developed vM1212 detector, a pixelated CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) imaging sensor, for in situ and in vivo verification of x-ray microbeams. METHODS Experiments were carried out on the vM1212 detector using a 220 kVp small animal radiation research platform (SARRP) at the Helmholtz Centre Munich. A 3 x 3 cm2 square piece of EBT3 film was placed on top of a marked nonfibrous card overlaying the sensitive silicon of the sensor. One centimeter of water equivalent bolus material was placed on top of the film for build-up. The response of the detector was compared to an Epson Expression 10000XL flatbed scanner using FilmQA Pro with triple channel dosimetry. This was also compared to a separate exposure using 450 µm of silicon as a surrogate for the detector and a Zeiss Axio Imager 2 microscope using an optical microscopy method of dosimetry. Microbeam collimator slits with range of nominal widths of 25, 50, 75, and 100 µm were used to compare beam profiles and determine sensitivity of the detector and both film measurements to different microbeams. RESULTS The detector was able to measure peak and valley profiles in real-time, a significant reduction from the 24 hr self-development required by the EBT3 film. Observed full width at half maximum (FWHM) values were larger than the nominal slit widths, ranging from 130 to 190 µm due to divergence. Agreement between the methods was found for peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR), peak to peak separation and FWHM, but a difference in relative intensity of the microbeams was observed between the detectors. CONCLUSIONS The investigation demonstrated that pixelated CMOS sensors could be applied to microbeam radiotherapy for real-time dosimetry in the future, however the relatively large pixel pitch of the vM1212 detector limit the immediate application of the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Flynn
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Tony Price
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Philip P Allport
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ileana Silvestre Patallo
- Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK.,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6AG, UK
| | - Russell Thomas
- Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Anna Subiel
- Medical Physics Department, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Helmholtz Centre Munich, Institute for Radiation Medicine, Munich, 85764, Germany.,School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Franziska Treibel
- School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | - Mabroor Ahmed
- School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 80333, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Iain Sedgwick
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dipuglia A, Cameron M, Davis JA, Cornelius IM, Stevenson AW, Rosenfeld AB, Petasecca M, Corde S, Guatelli S, Lerch MLF. Validation of a Monte Carlo simulation for Microbeam Radiation Therapy on the Imaging and Medical Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17696. [PMID: 31776395 PMCID: PMC6881291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) is an emerging cancer treatment modality characterised by the use of high-intensity synchrotron-generated x-rays, spatially fractionated by a multi-slit collimator (MSC), to ablate target tumours. The implementation of an accurate treatment planning system, coupled with simulation tools that allow for independent verification of calculated dose distributions are required to ensure optimal treatment outcomes via reliable dose delivery. In this article we present data from the first Geant4 Monte Carlo radiation transport model of the Imaging and Medical Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron. We have developed the model for use as an independent verification tool for experiments in one of three MRT delivery rooms and therefore compare simulation results with equivalent experimental data. The normalised x-ray spectra produced by the Geant4 model and a previously validated analytical model, SPEC, showed very good agreement using wiggler magnetic field strengths of 2 and 3 T. However, the validity of absolute photon flux at the plane of the Phase Space File (PSF) for a fixed number of simulated electrons was unable to be established. This work shows a possible limitation of the G4SynchrotronRadiation process to model synchrotron radiation when using a variable magnetic field. To account for this limitation, experimentally derived normalisation factors for each wiggler field strength determined under reference conditions were implemented. Experimentally measured broadbeam and microbeam dose distributions within a Gammex RMI457 Solid Water® phantom were compared to simulated distributions generated by the Geant4 model. Simulated and measured broadbeam dose distributions agreed within 3% for all investigated configurations and measured depths. Agreement between the simulated and measured microbeam dose distributions agreed within 5% for all investigated configurations and measured depths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dipuglia
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Matthew Cameron
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Jeremy A Davis
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Iwan M Cornelius
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Andrew W Stevenson
- CSIRO, Clayton, 3168, Australia
- Imaging and Medical Beamline, ANSTO/Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, 3168, Australia
| | - Anatoly B Rosenfeld
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Marco Petasecca
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Stéphanie Corde
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Susanna Guatelli
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Michael L F Lerch
- Centre for Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Locomotion and eating behavior changes in Yucatan minipigs after unilateral radio-induced ablation of the caudate nucleus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17082. [PMID: 31745153 PMCID: PMC6863900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional roles of the Caudate nucleus (Cd) are well known. Selective Cd lesions can be found in neurological disorders. However, little is known about the dynamics of the behavioral changes during progressive Cd ablation. Current stereotactic radiosurgery technologies allow the progressive ablation of a brain region with limited adverse effects in surrounding normal tissues. This could be of high interest for the study of the modified behavioral functions in relation with the degree of impairment of the brain structures. Using hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy combined with synchrotron microbeam radiation, we investigated, during one year after irradiation, the effects of unilateral radio-ablation of the right Cd on the behavior of Yucatan minipigs. The right Cd was irradiated to a minimal dose of 35.5 Gy delivered in three fractions. MRI-based morphological brain integrity and behavioral functions, i.e. locomotion, motivation/hedonism were assessed. We detected a progressive radio-necrosis leading to a quasi-total ablation one year after irradiation, with an additional alteration of surrounding areas. Transitory changes in the motivation/hedonism were firstly detected, then on locomotion, suggesting the influence of different compensatory mechanisms depending on the functions related to Cd and possibly some surrounding areas. We concluded that early behavioral changes related to eating functions are relevant markers for the early detection of ongoing lesions occurring in Cd-related neurological disorders.
Collapse
|
37
|
De Marzi L, Nauraye C, Lansonneur P, Pouzoulet F, Patriarca A, Schneider T, Guardiola C, Mammar H, Dendale R, Prezado Y. Spatial fractionation of the dose in proton therapy: Proton minibeam radiation therapy. Cancer Radiother 2019; 23:677-681. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
38
|
Pellicioli P, Bartzsch S, Donzelli M, Krisch M, Bräuer-Krisch E. High resolution radiochromic film dosimetry: Comparison of a microdensitometer and an optical microscope. Phys Med 2019; 65:106-113. [PMID: 31450120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Microbeam radiation therapy is a developing technique that promises superior tumour control and better normal tissue tolerance using spatially fractionated X-ray beams only tens of micrometres wide. Radiochromic film dosimetry at micrometric scale was performed using a microdensitometer, but this instrument presents limitations in accuracy and precision, therefore the use of a microscope is suggested as alternative. The detailed procedures developed to use the two devices are reported allowing a comparison. METHODS Films were irradiated with single microbeams and with arrays of 50 µm wide microbeams spaced by a 400 µm pitch, using a polychromatic beam with mean energy of 100 keV. The film dose measurements were performed using two independent instruments: a microdensitometer (MDM) and an optical microscope (OM). RESULTS The mean values of the absolute dose measured with the two instruments differ by less than 5% but the OM provides reproducibility with a standard deviation of 1.2% compared to up to 7% for the MDM. The resolution of the OM was determined to be ~ 1 to 2 µm in both planar directions able to resolve pencil beams irradiation, while the MDM reaches at the best 20 µm resolution along scanning direction. The uncertainties related to the data acquisition are 2.5-3% for the OM and 9-15% for the MDM. CONCLUSION The comparison between the two devices validates that the OM provides equivalent results to the MDM with better precision, reproducibility and resolution. In addition, the possibility to study dose distributions in two-dimensions over wider areas definitely sanctions the OM as substitute of the MDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Pellicioli
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France; Inserm UA7 STROBE, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France; Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
| | - S Bartzsch
- Helmholtz-Centre Munich, Institute of Innovative Radiation Therapy, Munich, Germany; Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department for Radiation Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - M Donzelli
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France; ICR - The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Krisch
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France
| | - E Bräuer-Krisch
- The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ID17 Biomedical Beamline, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Film dosimetry studies for patient specific quality assurance in microbeam radiation therapy. Phys Med 2019; 65:227-237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
40
|
Eling L, Bouchet A, Nemoz C, Djonov V, Balosso J, Laissue J, Bräuer-Krisch E, Adam JF, Serduc R. Ultra high dose rate Synchrotron Microbeam Radiation Therapy. Preclinical evidence in view of a clinical transfer. Radiother Oncol 2019; 139:56-61. [PMID: 31307824 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the current state of the art of an emerging form of radiosurgery dedicated to brain tumour treatment and which operates at very high dose rate (kGy·s-1). Microbeam Radiation Therapy uses synchrotron-generated X-rays which triggered normal tissue sparing partially mediated by FLASH effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Eling
- Inserm UA7, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedical Research (STROBE), Université Grenoble Alpes - ID17, Installation Européenne du Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF) CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Audrey Bouchet
- Inserm UA7, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedical Research (STROBE), Université Grenoble Alpes - ID17, Installation Européenne du Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF) CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean Francois Adam
- Inserm UA7, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedical Research (STROBE), Université Grenoble Alpes - ID17, Installation Européenne du Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF) CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Raphael Serduc
- Inserm UA7, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedical Research (STROBE), Université Grenoble Alpes - ID17, Installation Européenne du Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF) CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gagliardi FM, Franich RD, Geso M. Dose response and stability of water equivalent PRESAGE® dosimeters for synchrotron radiation therapy dosimetry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 63:235027. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaf1f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
42
|
Szabó ER, Reisz Z, Polanek R, Tőkés T, Czifrus S, Pesznyák C, Biró B, Fenyvesi A, Király B, Molnár J, Brunner S, Daroczi B, Varga Z, Hideghéty K. A novel vertebrate system for the examination and direct comparison of the relative biological effectiveness for different radiation qualities and sources. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:985-995. [PMID: 30332320 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1511928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The recent rapid increase of hadron therapy applications requires the development of high performance, reliable in vivo models for preclinical research on the biological effects of high linear energy transfer (LET) particle radiation. AIM The aim of this paper was to test the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of the zebrafish embryo system at two neutron facilities. MATERIAL AND METHODS Series of viable zebrafish embryos at 24-hour post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to single fraction, whole-body, photon and neutron (reactor fission neutrons (<En = 1 MeV>) and (p (18 MeV)+Be, <En> = 3.5 MeV) fast neutron) irradiation. The survival and morphologic abnormalities of each embryo were assessed at 24-hour intervals from the point of fertilization up to 192 hpf and then compared to conventional 6 MV photon beam irradiation results. RESULTS The higher energy of the fast neutron beams represents lower RBE (ref. source LINAC 6 MV photon). The lethality rate in the zebrafish embryo model was 10 times higher for 1 MeV fission neutrons and 2.5 times greater for p (18 MeV)+Be cyclotron generated fast neutron beam when compared to photon irradiation results. Dose-dependent organ perturbations (shortening of the body length, spine curvature, microcephaly, micro-ophthalmia, pericardial edema and inhibition of yolk sac resorption) and microscopic (marked cellular changes in eyes, brain, liver, muscle and the gastrointestinal system) changes scale together with the dose response. CONCLUSION The zebrafish embryo system is a powerful and versatile model for assessing the effect of ionizing radiation with different LET values on viability, organ and tissue development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E R Szabó
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Z Reisz
- b Department of Pathology , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - R Polanek
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - T Tőkés
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Sz Czifrus
- c Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Cs Pesznyák
- c Budapest University of Technology and Economics Institute of Nuclear Techniques , Budapest , Hungary
| | - B Biró
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - A Fenyvesi
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - B Király
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - J Molnár
- d Hungarian Academy of Sciences Institute for Nuclear Research (MTA Atomki) , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Sz Brunner
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary
| | - B Daroczi
- e Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - Z Varga
- f Department of Oncotherapy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| | - K Hideghéty
- a Extreme Light Infrastructure - Attosecond Light Pulse Source, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd , Szeged , Hungary.,f Department of Oncotherapy , University of Szeged , Szeged , Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Manchado de Sola F, Vilches M, Prezado Y, Lallena AM. Impact of cardiosynchronous brain pulsations on Monte Carlo calculated doses for synchrotron micro‐ and minibeam radiation therapy. Med Phys 2018; 45:3379-3390. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Manchado de Sola
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez Ronda Exterior Norte, s/n E‐21005Huelva Spain
| | - Manuel Vilches
- Servicio de Radiofísica y Protección Radiológica Centro Médico de Asturias/IMOMA Avda. Richard Grandío, s/n E‐33193Oviedo Spain
| | - Yolanda Prezado
- Laboratoire Imagerie et Modélisation en Neurobiologie et Cancérologie CNRS 5 rue Georges Clemenceau F‐91406Orsay Cedex France
| | - Antonio M. Lallena
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear Universidad de Granada E‐18071Granada Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Di Lillo F, Mettivier G, Castriconi R, Sarno A, Stevenson AW, Hall CJ, Häusermann D, Russo P. Synchrotron radiation external beam rotational radiotherapy of breast cancer: proof of principle. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:857-868. [PMID: 29714197 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518003788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The principle of rotational summation of the absorbed dose for breast cancer treatment with orthovoltage X-ray beams was proposed by J. Boone in 2012. Here, use of X-ray synchrotron radiation for image guided external beam rotational radiotherapy treatment of breast cancer is proposed. Tumor irradiation occurs with the patient in the prone position hosted on a rotating bed, with her breast hanging from a hole in the bed, which rotates around a vertical axis passing through the tumor site. Horizontal collimation of the X-ray beam provides for whole breast or partial breast irradiation, while vertical translation of the bed and successive rotations allow for irradiation of the full tumor volume, with dose rates which permit also hypofractionated treatments. In this work, which follows a previous preliminary report, results are shown of a full series of measurements on polyethylene and acrylic cylindrical phantoms carried out at the Australian Synchrotron, confirmed by Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations, intended to demonstrate the proof of principle of the technique. Dose measurements were carried out with calibrated ion chambers, radiochromic films and thermoluminescence dosimeters. The photon energy investigated was 60 keV. Image guidance may occur with the transmitted beam for contrast-enhanced breast computed tomography. For a horizontal beam collimation of 1.5 cm and rotation around the central axis of a 14 cm-diameter polyethylene phantom, a periphery-to-center dose ratio of 14% was measured. The simulations showed that under the same conditions the dose ratio decreases with increasing photon energy down to 10% at 175 keV. These values are comparable with those achievable with conventional megavoltage radiotherapy of breast cancer with a medical linear accelerator. Dose painting was demonstrated with two off-center `cancer foci' with 1.3 Gy and 0.6 Gy target doses. The use of a radiosensitizing agent for dose enhancement is foreseen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Lillo
- Dipartimento di Fisica `Ettore Pancini', Università di Napoli Federico II and INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mettivier
- Dipartimento di Fisica `Ettore Pancini', Università di Napoli Federico II and INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Roberta Castriconi
- Dipartimento di Fisica `Ettore Pancini', Università di Napoli Federico II and INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Antonio Sarno
- Dipartimento di Fisica `Ettore Pancini', Università di Napoli Federico II and INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Andrew W Stevenson
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Chris J Hall
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Daniel Häusermann
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Paolo Russo
- Dipartimento di Fisica `Ettore Pancini', Università di Napoli Federico II and INFN Sezione di Napoli, Via Cinthia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hocine N, Meignan M, Masset H. Monte Carlo simulations used to calculate the energy deposited in the coronary artery lumen as a function of iodine concentration and photon energy. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:417-422. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1432912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Hocine
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Hélène Masset
- Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fedon C, Caballo M, Longo R, Trianni A, Sechopoulos I. Internal breast dosimetry in mammography: Experimental methods and Monte Carlo validation with a monoenergetic x-ray beam. Med Phys 2018; 45:1724-1737. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Fedon
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); sezione di Trieste; 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Marco Caballo
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Renata Longo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); sezione di Trieste; 34127 Trieste Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica; Università degli Studi di Trieste; 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Annalisa Trianni
- Medical Physics Department; Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata (ASUIUD) - Presidio Ospedaliero “S. Maria della Misericordia”; p.le S. Maria della Misericordia, 15 33100 Udine Italy
| | - Ioannis Sechopoulos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine; Radboud University Medical Center; PO Box 9101 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Dutch Expert Center for Screening (LRCB); PO Box 6873 6503 GJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ghita M, Fernandez-Palomo C, Fukunaga H, Fredericia PM, Schettino G, Bräuer-Krisch E, Butterworth KT, McMahon SJ, Prise KM. Microbeam evolution: from single cell irradiation to pre-clinical studies. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:708-718. [PMID: 29309203 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1425807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review follows the development of microbeam technology from the early days of single cell irradiations, to investigations of specific cellular mechanisms and to the development of new treatment modalities in vivo. A number of microbeam applications are discussed with a focus on pre-clinical modalities and translation towards clinical application. CONCLUSIONS The development of radiation microbeams has been a valuable tool for the exploration of fundamental radiobiological response mechanisms. The strength of micro-irradiation techniques lies in their ability to deliver precise doses of radiation to selected individual cells in vitro or even to target subcellular organelles. These abilities have led to the development of a range of microbeam facilities around the world allowing the delivery of precisely defined beams of charged particles, X-rays, or electrons. In addition, microbeams have acted as mechanistic probes to dissect the underlying molecular events of the DNA damage response following highly localized dose deposition. Further advances in very precise beam delivery have also enabled the transition towards new and exciting therapeutic modalities developed at synchrotrons to deliver radiotherapy using plane parallel microbeams, in Microbeam Radiotherapy (MRT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Ghita
- a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | | | - Hisanori Fukunaga
- a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | - Pil M Fredericia
- c Centre for Nuclear Technologies , Technical University of Denmark , Roskilde , Denmark
| | | | | | - Karl T Butterworth
- a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | - Stephen J McMahon
- a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | - Kevin M Prise
- a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology , Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gagliardi FM, Day L, Poole CM, Franich RD, Geso M. Water equivalent PRESAGE®
for synchrotron radiation therapy dosimetry. Med Phys 2018; 45:1255-1265. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank M. Gagliardi
- Alfred Health Radiation Oncology; The Alfred; Melbourne Vic 3004 Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; Bundoora Vic 3083 Australia
| | - Liam Day
- School of Science; RMIT University; Melbourne Vic 3000 Australia
| | | | - Rick D. Franich
- School of Science; RMIT University; Melbourne Vic 3000 Australia
| | - Moshi Geso
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences; RMIT University; Bundoora Vic 3083 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Fardone E, Pouyatos B, Bräuer-Krisch E, Bartzsch S, Mathieu H, Requardt H, Bucci D, Barbone G, Coan P, Battaglia G, Le Duc G, Bravin A, Romanelli P. Synchrotron-generated microbeams induce hippocampal transections in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:184. [PMID: 29317649 PMCID: PMC5760574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchrotron-generated microplanar beams (microbeams) provide the most stereo-selective irradiation modality known today. This novel irradiation modality has been shown to control seizures originating from eloquent cortex causing no neurological deficit in experimental animals. To test the hypothesis that application of microbeams in the hippocampus, the most common source of refractory seizures, is safe and does not induce severe side effects, we used microbeams to induce transections to the hippocampus of healthy rats. An array of parallel microbeams carrying an incident dose of 600 Gy was delivered to the rat hippocampus. Immunohistochemistry of phosphorylated γ-H2AX showed cell death along the microbeam irradiation paths in rats 48 hours after irradiation. No evident behavioral or neurological deficits were observed during the 3-month period of observation. MR imaging showed no signs of radio-induced edema or radionecrosis 3 months after irradiation. Histological analysis showed a very well preserved hippocampal cytoarchitecture and confirmed the presence of clear-cut microscopic transections across the hippocampus. These data support the use of synchrotron-generated microbeams as a novel tool to slice the hippocampus of living rats in a minimally invasive way, providing (i) a novel experimental model to study hippocampal function and (ii) a new treatment tool for patients affected by refractory epilepsy induced by mesial temporal sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erminia Fardone
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France.,Department of Biological Science and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm U836, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hervè Mathieu
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm U836, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Herwig Requardt
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | | | - Giacomo Barbone
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians University, Garching, Germany
| | - Paola Coan
- Department of Physics, Ludwig Maximilians University, Garching, Germany.,Department of Clinical Radiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Geraldine Le Duc
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | - Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France
| | - Pantaleo Romanelli
- Brain Radiosurgery, Cyberknife Center, Centro Diagnostico Italiano (CDI), Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lin H, Jing J, Xu L, Mao X. Monte Carlo study of the influence of energy spectra, mesh size, high Z element on dose and PVDR based on 1-D and 3-D heterogeneous mouse head phantom for Microbeam Radiation Therapy. Phys Med 2017; 44:96-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|