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Birch G, Meniri M, Cant MA, Blount JD. Defence against the intergenerational cost of reproduction in males: oxidative shielding of the germline. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:70-84. [PMID: 37698166 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is expected to carry an oxidative cost, yet in many species breeders appear to sustain lower levels of oxidative damage compared to non-breeders. This paradox may be explained by considering the intergenerational costs of reproduction. Specifically, a reduction in oxidative damage upon transitioning to a reproductive state may represent a pre-emptive shielding strategy to protect the next generation from intergenerational oxidative damage (IOD) - known as the oxidative shielding hypothesis. Males may be particularly likely to transmit IOD, because sperm are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Yet, the possibility of male-mediated IOD remains largely uninvestigated. Here, we present a conceptual and methodological framework to assess intergenerational costs of reproduction and oxidative shielding of the germline in males. We discuss variance in reproductive costs and expected payoffs of oxidative shielding according to species' life histories, and the expected impact on offspring fitness. Oxidative shielding presents an opportunity to incorporate intergenerational effects into the advancing field of life-history evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Birch
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science & Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Magali Meniri
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science & Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Michael A Cant
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science & Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Jonathan D Blount
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, Faculty of Environment, Science & Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
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Li J, Liu J, Zhang Y, Qiu H, Zheng J, Xue J, Jin J, Ni F, Zhang C, Chen C, Sun X, Wang H, Zhang D. Effects of paternal ionizing radiation exposure on fertility and offspring's health. Reprod Med Biol 2024; 23:e12567. [PMID: 38528990 PMCID: PMC10961711 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The intergenerational effects of ionizing radiation remain controversial. Extensive insights have been revealed for DNA mutations and cancer incidence in progeny, yet many of these results were obtained by immediate post-radiation mating. However, conception at short times after radiation exposure is likely to be avoided. After a long period of fertility recovery, whether unexposed sperm derived from exposed spermatogonia would challenge the health of the offspring is not yet clearly demonstrated. Methods Ten-week-old C57BL/6J males underwent whole-body acute γ irradiation at 0 and 6.4 Gy. Testes and sperm were collected at different times after radiation to examine reproductive changes. The reproductive, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental parameters were measured in the offspring of controls and the offspring derived from irradiated undifferentiated spermatogonia. Results Paternal fertility was lost after acute 6.4 Gy γ radiation and recovered at 10-11 weeks post irradiation in mice. The reproductive, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental health of offspring born to irradiated undifferentiated spermatogonia were comparable to those of controls. Conclusion The male mice could have healthy offspring after recovery from the damage caused by ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqun Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Yanye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Hong Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell BiologyLife Sciences Institute, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Junyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Jinglei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Jiani Jin
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Feida Ni
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Chunxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Chuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Xiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
| | - Huiquan Wang
- The School of Aeronautics and AstronauticsZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina
- Clinical Research Center on Birth Defect Prevention and Intervention of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthHangzhouChina
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Sperm Oxidative Stress during In Vitro Manipulation and Its Effects on Sperm Function and Embryo Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071025. [PMID: 34202126 PMCID: PMC8300781 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated at low levels during mitochondrial respiration have key roles in several signaling pathways. Oxidative stress (OS) arises when the generation of ROS exceeds the cell's antioxidant scavenging ability and leads to cell damage. Physiological ROS production in spermatozoa regulates essential functional characteristics such as motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, hyperactivation, and sperm-oocyte fusion. OS can have detrimental effects on sperm function through lipid peroxidation, protein damage, and DNA strand breakage, which can eventually affect the fertility of an individual. Substantial evidence in the literature indicates that spermatozoa experiencing OS during in vitro manipulation procedures in human- and animal-assisted reproduction are increasingly associated with iatrogenic ROS production and eventual impairment of sperm function. Although a direct association between sperm OS and human assisted reproductive techniques (ART) outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and/or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is still a matter of debate, studies in animal models provide enough evidence on the adverse effects of sperm OS in vitro and defective fertilization and embryo development. This review summarized the literature on sperm OS in vitro, its effects on functional ability and embryo development, and the approaches that have been proposed to reduce iatrogenic sperm damage and altered embryonic development.
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Impact of nicotine, alcohol, and cocaine exposure on germline integrity and epigenome. Neuropharmacology 2020; 173:108127. [PMID: 32413368 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Converging evidence suggests that parental exposure to drugs of abuse can affect offspring phenotypes. The impacts of drug abuse on germ cell quality may mediate multigenerational and transgenerational inheritance, although biological pathways underlying this mode of inheritance are not yet characterized. Germline epigenetic marks are modified by drug exposure and have emerged as promising mechanistic candidates in recent work. Drug exposure also impacts overall germline integrity and reproductive functioning, although the role of these consequences in multi/transgenerational inheritance is unclear. This review synthesizes literature on effects of exposure to alcohol, cocaine, and nicotine on the germline with a focus on epigenetic modifications following drug exposure and broader impacts on germline integrity and reproductive functioning. We discuss potential interactions between reproductive functioning, germline integrity, and germline epigenome/transcriptome in pathways underlying multi/transgenerational inheritance. We find that existing data may support independent or interactive contributions of these germline impacts on offspring phenotypes in a manner that may mediate multi/transgenerational inheritance.
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Single and Double Strand Sperm DNA Damage: Different Reproductive Effects on Male Fertility. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020105. [PMID: 30708937 PMCID: PMC6410262 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive diseases have become a growing worldwide problem and male factor plays an important role in the reproductive diagnosis, prognosis and design of assisted reproductive treatments. Sperm cell holds the mission of carrying the paternal genetic complement to the oocyte in order to contribute to an euploid zygote with proper DNA integrity. Sperm DNA fragmentation had been used for decades as a male fertility test, however, its usefulness have arisen multiple debates, especially around Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatments. In the recent years, it has been described that different types of sperm DNA breaks (single and double strand DNA breaks) cause different clinical reproductive effects. On one hand, single-strand DNA breaks are present extensively as a multiple break points in all regions of the genome, are related to oxidative stress and cause a lack of clinical pregnancy or an increase of the conception time. On the other hand, double-strand DNA breaks are mainly localized and attached to the sperm nuclear matrix as a very few break points, are possibly related to a lack of DNA repair in meiosis and cause a higher risk of miscarriage, low embryo quality and higher risk of implantation failure in ICSI cycles. The present work also reviews different studies that may contribute in the understanding of sperm chromatin as well as treatments to prevent sperm DNA damage.
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Persistent DNA Damage in Spermatogonial Stem Cells After Fractionated Low-Dose Irradiation of Testicular Tissue. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015; 92:1123-1131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sudhakaran S, Uppangala S, Salian SR, Honguntikar SD, Nair R, Kalthur G, Adiga SK. Oocytes recovered after ovarian tissue slow freezing have impaired H2AX phosphorylation and functional competence. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014; 27:1242-8. [PMID: 25023890 DOI: 10.1071/rd14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that oocytes isolated from ovarian tissue cryopreservation acquire DNA damage during the process of freeze-thawing. Using a mouse model, here we have investigated the functional competence and phosphorylation of H2AX (γ-H2AX) in germinal vesicle (GV) and parthenogenetically activated oocytes derived from conventional ovarian tissue slow freezing and vitrification techniques. The number of GV-stage oocytes with γ-H2AX foci was not significantly different between the slow-freezing and vitrification groups. Although the in vitro maturation (IVM) potential of GV oocytes in the slow-freezing group showed a significant delay (P<0.0001) in the process of germinal vesicle breakdown, no difference in the maturation rate was observed between the two protocols. Nevertheless, parthenogenetic activation of IVM oocytes using strontium chloride showed a significantly lower activation rate in the slow-freezing group compared with the vitrification (P<0.05) and control (P<0.01) groups. Importantly, H2AX phosphorylation was significantly perturbed in the slow-freezing group in comparison to the control (P<0.05). Therefore, we conclude that impaired sensing of DNA strand breaks and repair processes are associated with the reduced functional competence of the oocytes recovered from the slow-freezing group, which may have a significant impact on the reproductive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Sudhakaran
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Shubhashree Uppangala
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Sujith Raj Salian
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Sachin D Honguntikar
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Ramya Nair
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576 104, India
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Kumar D, Upadhya D, Uppangala S, Salian SR, Kalthur G, Adiga SK. Nuclear DNA fragmentation negatively affects zona binding competence of Y bearing mouse spermatozoa. J Assist Reprod Genet 2013; 30:1611-5. [PMID: 24141830 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-013-0123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of sperm DNA integrity on the zona binding ability of mouse spermatozoa in relation to their sex chromosomal constitution. METHOD(S) In this prospective experimental study, the sperm DNA fragmentation was induced by exposing testicular area of Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus) to different doses of γ-radiation (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 Gy). Sperm DNA fragmentation was quantified by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). In vitro sperm zona binding assay was performed and the numbers of zona bound X and Y bearing spermatozoa were determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULT(S) The assessment of zona pellucida bound X and Y-bearing spermatozoa using fluorescence in situ hybridization has revealed a unique binding pattern. The number of zona bound Y-spermatozoa declined significantly (P < 0.01 to 0.0001) with increase in the DNA damage. The skewed binding pattern of X and Y-bearing sperm was strongly correlated with the extent of sperm DNA damage. CONCLUSION(S) The zona pellucida may have a role in preventing DNA damaged mouse sperm binding especially towards Y-bearing sperm. However, the exact mechanism behind this observation needs to be elucidated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayanidhi Kumar
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, 576 104, India
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Sánchez-Martín P, Sánchez-Martín F, González-Martínez M, Gosálvez J. Increased pregnancy after reduced male abstinence. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2013; 59:256-60. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2013.790919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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