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Ríos F, Lechuga M, Lobato-Guarnido I, Fernández-Serrano M. Antagonistic Toxic Effects of Surfactants Mixtures to Bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Marine Microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum. TOXICS 2023; 11:344. [PMID: 37112571 PMCID: PMC10143114 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants can be found in an ever-widening variety of products and applications, in which the combination of several types of surfactants is used to reinforce their properties, looking for synergistic effects between them. After use, they tend to be discarded into wastewater, ending up in aquatic bodies with concerning harmful and toxic effects. The aim of this study is the toxicological assessment of three anionic surfactants (ether carboxylic derivative, EC) and three amphoteric surfactants (amine-oxide-based, AO), individually and in binary mixtures of them (1:1 w/w), to bacteria Pseudomonas putida and marine microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) was determined to demonstrate the capacity to reduce surface tension and the toxicity of the surfactants and mixtures. Zeta potential (ζ-potential) and micelle diameter (MD) were also determined to confirm the formation of mixed surfactant micelles. The Model of Toxic Units (MTUs) was used to quantify the interactions of surfactants in binary mixtures and to predict if the concentration addition or response addition principle can be assumed for each mixture. The results showed a higher sensitivity of microalgae P. tricornutum to the surfactants tested and their mixtures than bacteria P. putida. Antagonism toxic effects have been detected in the mixture of EC + AO and in one binary mixture of different AOs; this is to say, the mixtures showed lower toxicity than expected.
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Singh Raman A, Muhammad AA, Singh H, Singh T, Mkhize Z, Jain P, Singh SK, Bahadur I, Singh P. A Review on Interactions between Amino Acids and Surfactants as Well as Their Impact on Corrosion Inhibition. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47471-47489. [PMID: 36591120 PMCID: PMC9798777 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Amino acid-surfactant interactions are central to numerous studies because of their increased effectiveness in chemical, biological, household and industrial use. This review will focus on the impact and effect of the physicochemical properties, temperature, pH, and surfactant chain length of the amino acid for detailed exploration of amino acids and surfactants in aqueous medium. The impact of cosolvent on self-aggregation, critical micelle concentration (CMC), and binding affinity with other biomolecules, as well as amino acid-surfactant interactions, are the epicenters. The results show that increasing the temperature causes negative enthalpy for ionic surfactants and micellization, implying that micellization and amino acids are thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic, accompanied by positive entropy. As these physicochemical studies are additive, the amino acid and ionic surfactant interactions provide clues on protein unfolding and denaturation under different media, which further changes with a change in physiological conditions like pH, cosolvent, chain length, and temperature. On varying the pH, the net charge of the amino acid also changes and, subsequently, the binding efficiency of the amino acids to the surfactants. The presence of cosolvent causes a lowering in the hydrophobic chain, which changes the surfactant's CMC. At a reduced CMC, the hydrophobic characteristic of amino acid-surfactant associations is amplified, leading to rapid denaturation of proteins that act as propulsion under the influence of extended chain surfactants. Amino acids are one of the most intriguing classes of chemicals that produce high inhibitory efficacy. Amino acids are also a component of proteins and therefore, found in a significant part of the human body, further making them a promising candidate as corrosion inhibitors. In this review article, authors have also focused on the collection and investigation for application of amino acid-surfactant interactions in corrosion inhibition. Various predictive studies/in silico studies are also reported by many research groups, such as density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics simulations to obtain tentative electronic, structural, and physiochemical characteristics like energies of the highest occupied molecular orbitals and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, binding energy, Gibb's free energy, electronegativity, polarizability, and entropy. In silico studies are helpful for the mechanism predictions of the process occurring on metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amina Abdullahi Muhammad
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara144411, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara144411, Punjab, India
| | - Thishana Singh
- College
of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban4000, South Africa
| | - Zimbili Mkhize
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho2735, South Africa
| | - Pallavi Jain
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad603203, UP, India
| | | | - Indra Bahadur
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mafikeng Campus), Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho2735, South Africa
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department
of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, New Delhi110021, India
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Mazzara E, Carletti R, Petrelli R, Mustafa AM, Caprioli G, Fiorini D, Scortichini S, Dall'Acqua S, Sut S, Nuñez S, López V, Zheljazkov VD, Bonacucina G, Maggi F, Cespi M. Green extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) using microwave method for recovery of three valuable fractions (essential oil, phenolic compounds and cannabinoids): a central composite design optimization study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6220-6235. [PMID: 35485728 PMCID: PMC9790304 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is a green extraction method capable of boosting the yield and quality profile of hemp essential oil when compared with other conventional extraction techniques. During this process, two by-products are produced, namely the aqueous residue containing bioactive phenolics and the residual deterpenated biomass, which can be used for further extraction and purification of phytocannabinoids. To date, the hemp industry has not utilized these products, although they can be valuable for the food, cosmetic, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical market. RESULTS This study assessed and optimized the variables affecting MAE efficiency, namely microwave irradiation power, extraction time and added water, which were studied using a central composite design approach, and results were used to optimize the extraction process for recovering three valuable fractions: essential oil, polyphenols and phytocannabinoids. The products obtained using the optimized conditions were characterized in terms of yield, chemical profile and antioxidant potential. Moreover, the by-products obtained during the optimized run were further analyzed in terms of their biological activity using both enzymatic and non-enzymatic assays. The aqueous residue demonstrated a powerful α-glucosidase inhibition, a good activity in terms of superoxide radical scavenging activity, a modest efficacy in terms of inhibition of advanced glycation end products formation and no activity in terms of lipase inhibition. The residual deterpenated biomass did not possess significant biological activity. CONCLUSION This work demonstrated valorization of industrial hemp essential oil and its by-products, obtained by a sustainable and eco-friendly extraction method, through an almost waste-free approach. Cannabinoids as well as other valuable bioactive compounds such as glycosidic flavones may be recovered from the residues of the essential oil extraction, representing interesting substances in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical fields. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dennis Fiorini
- School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | | | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Natural Product LaboratoryUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Stefania Sut
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Natural Product LaboratoryUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Sonia Nuñez
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversidad San JorgeZaragozaSpain
| | - Victor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversidad San JorgeZaragozaSpain
| | | | | | - Filippo Maggi
- School of PharmacyUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | - Marco Cespi
- School of PharmacyUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
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Kashapov R, Razuvayeva Y, Ziganshina A, Lyubina A, Amerhanova S, Sapunova A, Voloshina A, Nizameev I, Salnikov V, Zakharova L. Formation of supramolecular structures in aqueous medium by noncovalent interactions between surfactant and resorcin[4]arene. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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5
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Function and therapeutic potential of N-acyl amino acids. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 239:105114. [PMID: 34217720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
N-acyl amino acids (NAAs) are amphiphilic molecules, with different potential fatty acid and head group moieties. NAAs are the largest family of anandamide congener lipids discovered to date. In recent years, several NAAs have been identified as potential ligands, engaging novel binding sites and mechanisms for modulation of membrane proteins such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPRs), nuclear receptors, ion channels, and transporters. NAAs play a key role in a variety of physiological functions as lipid signaling molecules. Understanding the structure, function roles, and pharmacological potential of these NAAs is still in its infancy, and the biochemical roles are also mostly unknown. This review will provide a summary of the literature on NAAs and emphasize their therapeutic potential.
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Lawrenson SB, Pearce AK, Hart S, Whitwood AC, O’Reilly RK, North M. Synthesis of cytotoxic spirocyclic imides from a biomass-derived oxanorbornene. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Shahzadi I, Jalil A, Asim MH, Hupfauf A, Gust R, Nelles PA, Knabl L, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Lipophilic Arginine Esters: The Gateway to Preservatives without Side Effects. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3129-3139. [PMID: 32598849 PMCID: PMC7467771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
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This
study hypothesized that long carbon chain cationic arginine
(Arg) esters can be considered as toxicologically harmless preservatives.
Arg-esters with C18 and C24 carbon chains, namely,
arginine-oleate (Arg-OL) and arginine-decyltetradecanoate (Arg-DT),
were synthesized. Structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Both Arg-esters were tested regarding
hydrophobicity in terms of log Poctanol/water, critical micelle concentration (CMC), biodegradability, cytotoxicity,
hemolysis, and antimicrobial activity against Escherichiacoli (E. coli), Staphylococcusaureus (S. aureus), Bacillussubtilis (B. subtilis),
and Enterococcusfaecalis (E. faecalis). Log Poctanol/water of arginine was raised from −1.9 to 0.3
and 0.6 due to the attachment of C18 and C24 carbon chains, respectively. The critical micelle concentration
of Arg-OL and Arg-DT was 0.52 and 0.013 mM, respectively. Both Arg-esters
were biodegradable by porcine pancreatic lipase. In comparison to
the well-established antimicrobials, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and
cetrimide, Arg-esters showed significantly less cytotoxic and hemolytic
activity. Both esters exhibited pronounced antimicrobial properties
against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria comparable to that
of BAC and cetrimide. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
Arg-esters was <50 μg mL–1 against all
tested microbes. Overall, results showed a high potential of Arg-esters
with long carbon chains as toxicologically harmless novel preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Shahzadi
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Aamir Jalil
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mulazim Hussain Asim
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Andrea Hupfauf
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronald Gust
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Alexander Nelles
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ludwig Knabl
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Pavoni L, Perinelli DR, Ciacciarelli A, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, Miano A, Casettari L, Cespi M, Bonacucina G, Palmieri GF. Properties and stability of nanoemulsions: How relevant is the type of surfactant? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Burilova EA, Pashirova TN, Zueva IV, Gibadullina EM, Lushchekina SV, Sapunova AS, Kayumova RM, Rogov AM, Evtjugin VG, Sudakov IA, Vyshtakalyuk AB, Voloshina AD, Bukharov SV, Burilov AR, Petrov KA, Zakharova LY, Sinyashin OG. Bi-functional sterically hindered phenol lipid-based delivery systems as potential multi-target agents against Alzheimer's disease via an intranasal route. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:13757-13770. [PMID: 32573587 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04037a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
New lipid-based nanomaterials and multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) based on sterically hindered phenol, containing a quaternary ammonium moiety (SHP-s-R, with s = 2,3) of varying hydrophobicity (R = CH2Ph and CnH2n+1, with n = 8, 10, 12, 16), have been prepared as potential drugs against Alzheimer's disease (AD). SHP-s-R are inhibitors of human cholinesterases with antioxidant properties. The inhibitory potency of SHP-s-R and selectivity ratio of cholinesterase inhibition were found to significantly depend on the length of the methylene spacer (s) and alkyl chain length. The compound SHP-2-16 showed the best IC50 for human AChE and the highest selectivity, being 30-fold more potent than for human BChE. Molecular modeling of SHP-2-16 binding to human AChE suggests that this compound is a dual binding site inhibitor that interacts with both the peripheral anionic site and catalytic active site. The relationship between self-assembly parameters (CMC, solubilization capacity, aggregation number), antioxidant activity and a toxicological parameter (hemolytic action on human red blood cells) was investigated. Two sterically hindered phenols (SHP-2-Bn and SHP-2-R) were loaded into L-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC) nanoparticles by varying the SHP alkyl chain length. For the brain AChE inhibition assay, PC/SHP-2-Bn/SHP-2-16 nanoparticles were administered to rats intranasally at a dose of 8 mg kg-1. The Morris water maze experiment showed that scopolamine-induced AD-like dementia in rats treated with PC/SHP-2-Bn/SHP-2-16 nanoparticles was significantly reduced. This is the first example of cationic SHP-phospholipid nanoparticles for inhibition of brain cholinesterases realized by the use of intranasal administration. This route has promising potential for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia A Burilova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation.
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10
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Perinelli D, Cespi M, Lorusso N, Palmieri GF, Bonacucina G, Blasi P. Surfactant Self-Assembling and Critical Micelle Concentration: One Approach Fits All? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5745-5753. [PMID: 32370512 PMCID: PMC8007100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Critical micelle concentration (CMC) is the main chemical-physical parameter to be determined for pure surfactants for their characterization in terms of surface activity and self-assembled aggregation. The CMC values can be calculated from different techniques (e.g., tensiometry, conductivity, fluorescence spectroscopy), able to follow the variation of a physical property with surfactant concentrations. Different mathematical approaches have been applied for the determination of CMC values from the raw experimental data. Most of them are independent of the operator, despite not all of the fitting procedures employed so far can be applied in all techniques. In this experimental work, the second derivative of the experimental data has been proposed as a unique approach to determine the CMC values from different techniques (tensiometry, conductimetry, densimetry, spectrofluorimetry, and high-resolution ultrasound spectroscopy). To this end, the CMC values of five different surfactants, specifically three anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium deoxycolate, and N-lauroyl sarcosinate) and two nonionic, such as polyethylene glycol ester surfactants [polyethylenglicol (8) monostearate and polyethylenglicol (8) monolaurate], have been determined by this approach. The "second-derivate" approach provides a reliable determination of the CMC values among all of the techniques investigated, which were comparable to those calculated by the other operator-free routinely methods employed, such as segmental linear regression or Boltzmann regression. This study also highlighted the strengths and shortcomings of each technique over the others, providing an overview of the CMC values of commonly used anionic and nonionic surfactants in the pharmaceutical field, determined by employing different experimental approaches.
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Ionic hydrogen-bonding interaction controlled electrophilicity and nucleophilicity: Mechanistic insights into the synergistic catalytic effect of lipase and natural deep eutectic solvents in amidation reaction. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Nian B, Cao C, Liu Y. Synergistic Catalytic Synthesis of Gemini Lipoamino Acids Based on Multiple Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents-Enzyme System. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:989-997. [PMID: 31909616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the previous studies, gemini lipoamino acids (GLAA) were always synthesized by complex multistep organic synthesis, which involved a large number of byproducts and organic solvents. To develop a straightforward, efficient, and renewable synthesis strategy for GLAA, in this study, a type of novel green solvents, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs), were adopted as the solvents for these reactions. Five commercial enzymes were involved in the enzyme screening section, and Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) tended to have the best performance in NADESs systems. The optimization procedure was performed using the Taguchi crossed array method and the highest yield of GLAA (59.14 ± 0.51%) was obtained in choline chloride-glycerol (C-Gly). The purification procedure was carried out with ethyl acetate and water, and the isolate yield ranged from 86.31 ± 2.36 to 91.34 ± 2.26%. With 10 times recycling, the yield of GLAA in C-Gly decreased from 59.14 ± 0.51 to 51.31 ± 0.68%. Interestingly, a synergistic effect of CALB and NADESs was found in the enzymatic synthesis of GLAA, which can be attributed to fatty acids being activated by chloride ions via hydrogen-bonding interactions and resulting in an enhancement in its electron-attracting ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , People's Republic of China
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Perinelli DR, Petrelli D, Vitali LA, Bonacucina G, Cespi M, Vllasaliu D, Giorgioni G, Palmieri GF. Quaternary Ammonium Leucine-Based Surfactants: The Effect of a Benzyl Group on Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11060287. [PMID: 31248093 PMCID: PMC6631462 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium amphiphiles are a class of compounds with a wide range of commercial and industrial uses. In the pharmaceutical field, the most common quaternary ammonium surfactant is benzalkonium chloride (BAC), which is employed as a preservative in several topical formulations for ocular, skin, or nasal application. Despite the broad antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi and small enveloped viruses, safety concerns regarding its irritant and cytotoxic effect on epithelial cells still remain. In this work, quaternary ammonium derivatives of leucine esters (C10, C12 and C14) were synthesised as BAC analogues. These cationic surfactants were characterised in terms of critical micelle concentration (CMC, by tensiometry), cytotoxicity (MTS and LDH assays on the Caco-2 and Calu-3 cell lines) and antimicrobial activity on the bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis among the Gram-positives, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa among the Gram-negatives and the yeast Candida albicans. They showed satisfactory surface-active properties, and a cytotoxic effect that was dependent on the length of the hydrophobic chain. Lower minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) values were calculated for C14-derivatives, which were comparable to those calculated for BAC toward Gram-positive bacteria and slightly higher for Gram-negative bacteria and C. albicans. Thus, the synthesised leucine-based quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants can potentially find application as promising surface-active compounds with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dezemona Petrelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | | | | | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Driton Vllasaliu
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK.
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Perinelli DR, Petrelli D, Vitali LA, Vllasaliu D, Cespi M, Giorgioni G, Elmowafy E, Bonacucina G, Palmieri GF. Quaternary ammonium surfactants derived from leucine and methionine: Novel challenging surface active molecules with antimicrobial activity. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Study on foaming properties of N-acyl amino acid surfactants: Sodium N-acyl glycinate and sodium N-acyl phenylalaninate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Application of Permeation Enhancers in Oral Delivery of Macromolecules: An Update. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11010041. [PMID: 30669434 PMCID: PMC6359609 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of permeation enhancers (PEs) to improve transport of poorly absorbed active pharmaceutical ingredients across the intestinal epithelium is a widely tested approach. Several hundred compounds have been shown to alter the epithelial barrier, and although the research emphasis has broadened to encompass a role for nanoparticle approaches, PEs represent a key constituent of conventional oral formulations that have progressed to clinical testing. In this review, we highlight promising PEs in early development, summarize the current state of the art, and highlight challenges to the translation of PE-based delivery systems into safe and effective oral dosage forms for patients.
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Vllasaliu D, Thanou M, Stolnik S, Fowler R. Recent advances in oral delivery of biologics: nanomedicine and physical modes of delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:759-770. [PMID: 30033780 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1504017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research into oral delivery of biologics has a long and rich history but has not produced technologies used in the clinic. The area has evolved in terms of strategies to promote oral biologics delivery from early chemical absorption enhancers to nanomedicine to devices. Continued activity in this area is justifiable considering the remarkable proliferation of biologics. AREAS COVERED The article discusses some physiological barriers to oral delivery of biologics, with a special focus on less characterized barriers such as the basement membrane. Recent progress in oral delivery of biologics via nanomedicine is subsequently covered. Finally, the emerging field of device-mediated gastrointestinal delivery of biotherapeutics is discussed EXPERT OPINION Oral delivery of biologics is considered a 'panacea' in drug delivery. Almost century-old approaches of utilizing chemical absorption enhancers have not produced clinically translated technologies. Nanomedicine for oral biologics delivery has demonstrated potential, but the field is relatively new, and technologies have not progressed to the clinic. Device-mediated oral biologics delivery (e.g. ultrasound or microneedles) is in its infancy. However, this space is likely to intensify owing to advances in electronics and materials, as well as the challenges and history related to clinical translation of alternative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Driton Vllasaliu
- a School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Maya Thanou
- a School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Snjezana Stolnik
- b Division of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering, Boots Science Building , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Robyn Fowler
- c SuccinctChoice Medical Communications , London , United Kingdom
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Lucarini S, Fagioli L, Cavanagh R, Liang W, Perinelli DR, Campana M, Stolnik S, Lam JKW, Casettari L, Duranti A. Synthesis, Structure⁻Activity Relationships and In Vitro Toxicity Profile of Lactose-Based Fatty Acid Monoesters as Possible Drug Permeability Enhancers. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10030081. [PMID: 29970849 PMCID: PMC6161018 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Permeability enhancers are receiving increased attention arising from their ability to increase transepithelial permeability and thus, bioavailability of orally or pulmonary administered biopharmaceutics. Here we present the synthesis and the in vitro assaying of a series of lactose-based non-ionic surfactants, highlighting the relationship between their structure and biological effect. Using tensiometric measurements the critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of the surfactants were determined and demonstrate that increasing hydrophobic chain length reduces surfactant CMC. In vitro testing on Caco-2 intestinal and Calu-3 airway epithelia revealed that cytotoxicity, assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays, is presented for most of the surfactants at concentrations greater than their CMCs. Further biological study demonstrates that application of cytotoxic concentrations of the surfactants is associated with depolarizing mitochondrial membrane potential, increasing nuclear membrane permeability and activation of effector caspases. It is, therefore, proposed that when applied at cytotoxic levels, the surfactants are inducing apoptosis in both cell lines tested. Importantly, through the culture of epithelial monolayers on Transwell® supports, the surfactants demonstrate the ability to reversibly modulate transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and thus open tight junctions, at non-toxic concentrations, emphasizing their potential application as safe permeability enhancers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
| | - Laura Fagioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Wanling Liang
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | - Mario Campana
- Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.
| | - Snjezana Stolnik
- Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
| | - Andrea Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
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Perinelli DR, Lucarini S, Fagioli L, Campana R, Vllasaliu D, Duranti A, Casettari L. Lactose oleate as new biocompatible surfactant for pharmaceutical applications. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 124:55-62. [PMID: 29258912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Sugar fatty acid esters are an interesting class of non-ionic, biocompatible and biodegradable sugar-based surfactants, recently emerged as a valid alternative to the traditional commonly employed (e.g. polysorbates and polyethylene glycol derivatives). By varying the polar head (carbohydrate moiety) and the hydrophobic tail (fatty acid), surfactants with different physico-chemical characteristics can be easily prepared. While many research papers have focused on sucrose derivatives, relatively few studies have been carried out on lactose-based surfactants. In this work, we present the synthesis and the physico-chemical characterization of lactose oleate. The new derivative was obtained by enzymatic mono-esterification of lactose with oleic acid. Thermal, surface, and aggregation properties of the surfactant were studied in detail and the cytotoxicity profile was investigated by MTS and LDH assays on intestinal Caco-2 monolayers. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements on Caco-2 cells showed a transient and reversible effect on the tight junctions opening, which correlates with the increased permeability of 4 kDa fluorescein-labelled dextran (as model for macromolecular drugs) in a concentration dependent manner. Moreover, lactose oleate displayed a satisfactory antimicrobial activity over a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, the obtained results are promising for a further development of lactose oleate as an intestinal absorption enhancer and/or an alternative biodegradable preservative for pharmaceutical and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino (MC) 62032, Italy
| | - S Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - L Fagioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - R Campana
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - D Vllasaliu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - A Duranti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy
| | - L Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza del Rinascimento n° 6, Urbino (PU) 61029, Italy.
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Perinelli DR, Vllasaliu D, Bonacucina G, Come B, Pucciarelli S, Ricciutelli M, Cespi M, Itri R, Spinozzi F, Palmieri GF, Casettari L. Rhamnolipids as epithelial permeability enhancers for macromolecular therapeutics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:419-425. [PMID: 28743594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of surfactants as drug permeability enhancers across epithelial barriers remains a challenge. Although many studies have been performed in this field using synthetic surfactants, the possibility of employing surfactants produced by bacteria (the so called biosurfactants") has not been completely explored. Among them, one of the most well characterized class of biosurfactants are rhamnolipids. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of rhamnolipids on the epithelial permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled dextrans 4kDa and 10kDa (named FD4 and FD10, respectively) as model for macromolecular drugs, across Caco-2 and Calu-3monolayers. These cell lines were selected as an in vitro model for the oral and respiratory administration of drugs. Before performing permeability studies, rhamnolipids mixture was analysed in terms of chemical composition and quantification through mass analysis and HPLC. Cytotoxicity and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) studies were also conducted using Caco-2 and Calu-3 cell lines. A dose-dependent effect of rhamnolipids on TEER and FD4 or FD10 permeability across both cell lines was observed at relatively safe concentrations. Overall, results suggest the possibility of using rhamnolipids as absorption enhancers for macromolecular drugs through a reversible tight junction opening (paracellular route), despite more investigations are required to confirm their mechanism of action in term of permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Driton Vllasaliu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Benedetta Come
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary medicine, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Instituto de Física da Universidade de São Paulo, IFUSP, Rua do Matão, Travessa R, 187, 05508-090 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francesco Spinozzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Urbino, Piazza del Rinascimento, 6, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
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Li X, Kawamura A, Sato Y, Morishita M, Kusamori K, Katsumi H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A. Improvement of the Solubility and Intestinal Absorption of Curcumin by N-Acyl Taurates and Elucidation of the Absorption-Enhancing Mechanisms. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:2175-2182. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ami Kawamura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Kosuke Kusamori
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | | | | | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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