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Sun D, Wu L, Lan S, Chi X, Wu Z. β-asarone induces viability and angiogenesis and suppresses apoptosis of human vascular endothelial cells after ischemic stroke by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor A. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17534. [PMID: 38948219 PMCID: PMC11214739 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a disease with a high mortality and disability rate worldwide, and its incidence is increasing per year. Angiogenesis after IS improves blood supply to ischemic areas, accelerating neurological recovery. β-asarone has been reported to exhibit a significant protective effect against hypoxia injury. The ability of β-asarone to improve IS injury by inducing angiogenesis has not been distinctly clarified. The experimental rats were induced with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model cells were constructed using human microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1) cells. Cerebral infarction and pathological damage were first determined via triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Then, cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were assessed by utilizing cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry, spheroid-based angiogenesis, and tube formation assays in OGD HMEC-1 cells. Besides, angiogenesis and other related proteins were identified with western blot. The study confirms that β-asarone, like nimodipine, can ameliorate cerebral infarction and pathological damage. β-asarone can also upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and induce phosphorylation of p38. Besides, the study proves that β-asarone can protect against IS injury by increasing the expression of VEGFA. In vitro experiments affirmed that β-asarone can induce viability and suppress apoptosis in OGD-mediated HMEC-1 cells and promote angiogenesis of OGD HMEC-1 cells by upregulating VEGFA. This establishes the potential for β-asarone to be a latent drug for IS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Sun
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Rehabilitation, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Lan
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Rehabilitation, GuangDong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibing Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Aqel S, Al-Thani N, Haider MZ, Abdelhady S, Al Thani AA, Kobeissy F, Shaito AA. Biomaterials in Traumatic Brain Injury: Perspectives and Challenges. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:21. [PMID: 38248452 PMCID: PMC10813103 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and long-term impairment globally. TBI has a dynamic pathology, encompassing a variety of metabolic and molecular events that occur in two phases: primary and secondary. A forceful external blow to the brain initiates the primary phase, followed by a secondary phase that involves the release of calcium ions (Ca2+) and the initiation of a cascade of inflammatory processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, a rise in oxidative stress, activation of glial cells, and damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), resulting in paracellular leakage. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs for TBI, but existing approaches rely on delivering micro- and macromolecular treatments, which are constrained by the BBB, poor retention, off-target toxicity, and the complex pathology of TBI. Therefore, there is a demand for innovative and alternative therapeutics with effective delivery tactics for the diagnosis and treatment of TBI. Tissue engineering, which includes the use of biomaterials, is one such alternative approach. Biomaterials, such as hydrogels, including self-assembling peptides and electrospun nanofibers, can be used alone or in combination with neuronal stem cells to induce neurite outgrowth, the differentiation of human neural stem cells, and nerve gap bridging in TBI. This review examines the inclusion of biomaterials as potential treatments for TBI, including their types, synthesis, and mechanisms of action. This review also discusses the challenges faced by the use of biomaterials in TBI, including the development of biodegradable, biocompatible, and mechanically flexible biomaterials and, if combined with stem cells, the survival rate of the transplanted stem cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms and drawbacks of these novel therapeutic approaches will help to guide the design of future TBI therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Aqel
- Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Najlaa Al-Thani
- Research and Development Department, Barzan Holdings, Doha P.O. Box 7178, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Z. Haider
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Samar Abdelhady
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa A. Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics & Biomarkers (CNMB), Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr. SW, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Abdullah A. Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Esfahani G, Trutschel ML, Reichert D, Mäder K. Characterization of Controlled Release Starch-Nimodipine Implant for Antispasmodic and Neuroprotective Therapies in the Brain. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5753-5762. [PMID: 37750866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Parenteral depot systems can provide a constant release of drugs over a few days to months. Most of the parenteral depot products on the market are based on poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). Studies have shown that acidic monomers of these polymers can lead to nonlinear release profiles or even drug inactivation before release. Therefore, finding alternatives for these polymers is of great importance. Our previous study showed the potential of starch as a natural and biodegradable polymer to form a controlled release system. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening type of stroke and a major cause of death and disability in patients. Nimotop® (nimodipine (NMD)) is an FDA-approved drug for treating SAH-induced vasospasms. In addition, NMD has, in contrast to other Ca antagonists, unique neuroprotective effects. The oral administration of NMD is linked to variable absorption and systemic side effects. Therefore, the development of a local parenteral depot formulation is desirable. To avoid the formation of an acidic microenvironment and autocatalytic polymer degradation, we avoided PLGA as a matrix and investigated starch as an alternative. Implants with drug loads of 20 and 40% NMD were prepared by hot melt extrusion (HME) and sterilized with an electron beam. The effects of HME and electron beam on NMD and starch were evaluated with NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. The release profile of NMD from the systems was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Different spectroscopy methods confirmed the stability of NMD during the sterilization process. The homogeneity of the produced system was proven by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy images. In vitro release studies demonstrated the sustained release of NMD over more than 3 months from both NMD systems. In summary, homogeneous nimodipine-starch implants were produced and characterized, which can be used for therapeutic purposes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golbarg Esfahani
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, Halle 06120, Saale, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Trutschel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, Halle 06120, Saale, Germany
| | - Detlef Reichert
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 7, Halle D-06120, Saale, Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Straße 4, Halle 06120, Saale, Germany
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Du W, Wang T, Hu S, Luan J, Tian F, Ma G, Xue J. Engineering of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for repairing brain injury. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2023; 4:289-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
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Impact of the Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Antagonist Nimodipine on the Development of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043716. [PMID: 36835129 PMCID: PMC9960570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). While most of the current treatment strategies focus on immune cell regulation, except for the drug siponimod, there is no therapeutic intervention that primarily aims at neuroprotection and remyelination. Recently, nimodipine showed a beneficial and remyelinating effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Nimodipine also positively affected astrocytes, neurons, and mature oligodendrocytes. Here we investigated the effects of nimodipine, an L-type voltage-gated calcium channel antagonist, on the expression profile of myelin genes and proteins in the oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) line Oli-Neu and in primary OPCs. Our data indicate that nimodipine does not have any effect on myelin-related gene and protein expression. Furthermore, nimodipine treatment did not result in any morphological changes in these cells. However, RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses identified potential micro (mi)RNA that could support myelination after nimodipine treatment compared to a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control. Additionally, we treated zebrafish with nimodipine and observed a significant increase in the number of mature oligodendrocytes (* p≤ 0.05). Taken together, nimodipine seems to have different positive effects on OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes.
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Fabrication of a Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for the Rapid Detection of Nimodipine. INT J ELECTROCHEM SC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoes.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Silk sericin/PLGA electrospun scaffolds with anti-inflammatory drug-eluting properties for periodontal tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 133:112723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Laidmäe I, Meos A, Kjærvik IA, Ingebrigtsen SG, Škalko-Basnet N, Kirsimäe K, Romann T, Joost U, Kisand V, Kogermann K. Electrospun Amphiphilic Nanofibers as Templates for In Situ Preparation of Chloramphenicol-Loaded Liposomes. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1742. [PMID: 34834157 PMCID: PMC8624320 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydration of phospholipids, electrospun into polymeric nanofibers and used as templates for liposome formation, offers pharmaceutical advantages as it avoids the storage of liposomes as aqueous dispersions. The objective of the present study was to electrospin and characterize amphiphilic nanofibers as templates for the preparation of antibiotic-loaded liposomes and compare this method with the conventional film-hydration method followed by extrusion. The comparison was based on particle size, encapsulation efficiency and drug-release behavior. Chloramphenicol (CAM) was used at different concentrations as a model antibacterial drug. Phosphatidylcoline (PC) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), using ethanol as a solvent, was found to be successful in fabricating the amphiphilic composite drug-loaded nanofibers as well as liposomes with both methods. The characterization of the nanofiber templates revealed that fiber diameter did not affect the liposome size. According to the optical microscopy results, the immediate hydration of phospholipids deposited on the amphiphilic nanofibers occurred within a few seconds, resulting in the formation of liposomes in water dispersions. The liposomes appeared to aggregate more readily in the concentrated than in the diluted solutions. The drug encapsulation efficiency for the fiber-hydrated liposomes varied between 14.9 and 28.1% and, for film-hydrated liposomes, between 22.0 and 77.1%, depending on the CAM concentrations and additional extrusion steps. The nanofiber hydration method was faster, as less steps were required for the in-situ liposome preparation than in the film-hydration method. The liposomes obtained using nanofiber hydration were smaller and more homogeneous than the conventional liposomes, but less drug was encapsulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Laidmäe
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (I.L.); (A.M.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Meos
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (I.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Irja Alainezhad Kjærvik
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (I.A.K.); (S.G.I.); (N.Š.-B.)
| | - Sveinung G. Ingebrigtsen
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (I.A.K.); (S.G.I.); (N.Š.-B.)
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Department of Pharmacy, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037, Universitetsvegen 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; (I.A.K.); (S.G.I.); (N.Š.-B.)
| | - Kalle Kirsimäe
- Department of Geology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Tavo Romann
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14A, 50411 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Urmas Joost
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14C, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (U.J.); (V.K.)
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, Ravila 14C, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (U.J.); (V.K.)
| | - Karin Kogermann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (I.L.); (A.M.)
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Guo Y, Wang X, Shen Y, Dong K, Shen L, Alzalab AAA. Research progress, models and simulation of electrospinning technology: a review. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2021; 57:58-104. [PMID: 34658418 PMCID: PMC8513391 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-021-06575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanomaterials have aroused extensive research interest in the world's material science community. Electrospinning has the advantages of wide range of available raw materials, simple process, small fiber diameter and high porosity. Electrospinning as a nanomaterial preparation technology with obvious advantages has been studied, such as its influencing parameters, physical models and computer simulation. In this review, the influencing parameters, simulation and models of electrospinning technology are summarized. In addition, the progresses in applications of the technology in biomedicine, energy and catalysis are reported. This technology has many applications in many fields, such as electrospun polymers in various aspects of biomedical engineering. The latest achievements in recent years are summarized, and the existing problems and development trends are analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kuo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Linyi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Asmaa Ahmed Abdullah Alzalab
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 People’s Republic of China
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Zhang M, Li C, Zhou LP, Pi W, Zhang PX. Polymer Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications in Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092712. [PMID: 34063072 PMCID: PMC8124340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nervous system is a significant part of the human body, and peripheral nerve injury caused by trauma can cause various functional disorders. When the broken end defect is large and cannot be repaired by direct suture, small gap sutures of nerve conduits can effectively replace nerve transplantation and avoid the side effect of donor area disorders. There are many choices for nerve conduits, and natural materials and synthetic polymers have their advantages. Among them, the nerve scaffold should meet the requirements of good degradability, biocompatibility, promoting axon growth, supporting axon expansion and regeneration, and higher cell adhesion. Polymer biological scaffolds can change some shortcomings of raw materials by using electrospinning filling technology and surface modification technology to make them more suitable for nerve regeneration. Therefore, polymer scaffolds have a substantial prospect in the field of biomedicine in future. This paper reviews the application of nerve conduits in the field of repairing peripheral nerve injury, and we discuss the latest progress of materials and fabrication techniques of these polymer scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100083, China; (M.Z.); (C.L.); (W.P.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ci Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100083, China; (M.Z.); (C.L.); (W.P.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Wei Pi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100083, China; (M.Z.); (C.L.); (W.P.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100083, China; (M.Z.); (C.L.); (W.P.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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Puhl DL, Funnell JL, Nelson DW, Gottipati MK, Gilbert RJ. Electrospun Fiber Scaffolds for Engineering Glial Cell Behavior to Promote Neural Regeneration. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 8:4. [PMID: 33383759 PMCID: PMC7823609 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a fabrication technique used to produce nano- or micro- diameter fibers to generate biocompatible, biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Electrospun fiber scaffolds are advantageous for neural regeneration because they mimic the structure of the nervous system extracellular matrix and provide contact guidance for regenerating axons. Glia are non-neuronal regulatory cells that maintain homeostasis in the healthy nervous system and regulate regeneration in the injured nervous system. Electrospun fiber scaffolds offer a wide range of characteristics, such as fiber alignment, diameter, surface nanotopography, and surface chemistry that can be engineered to achieve a desired glial cell response to injury. Further, electrospun fibers can be loaded with drugs, nucleic acids, or proteins to provide the local, sustained release of such therapeutics to alter glial cell phenotype to better support regeneration. This review provides the first comprehensive overview of how electrospun fiber alignment, diameter, surface nanotopography, surface functionalization, and therapeutic delivery affect Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the central nervous system both in vitro and in vivo. The information presented can be used to design and optimize electrospun fiber scaffolds to target glial cell response to mitigate nervous system injury and improve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan L. Puhl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (D.L.P.); (J.L.F.); (D.W.N.); (M.K.G.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jessica L. Funnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (D.L.P.); (J.L.F.); (D.W.N.); (M.K.G.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Derek W. Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (D.L.P.); (J.L.F.); (D.W.N.); (M.K.G.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Manoj K. Gottipati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (D.L.P.); (J.L.F.); (D.W.N.); (M.K.G.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, 460 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ryan J. Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; (D.L.P.); (J.L.F.); (D.W.N.); (M.K.G.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Tabotamp ®, Respectively, Surgicel ®, Increases the Cell Death of Neuronal and Glial Cells In Vitro. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13112453. [PMID: 32481630 PMCID: PMC7321115 DOI: 10.3390/ma13112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) is an approved absorbable hemostat in neurosurgery, and contains 18–21% carboxylic acid groups. This modification leads to a low pH in aqueous solutions. Therefore, the aim of study was to analyze the pH-dependent effects of the ORC Tabotamp® on astrocytes, Schwann cells, and neuronal cells in vitro to investigate whether Tabotamp® is a suitable hemostat in cerebral eloquent areas. The ORC-dependent pH value changes were measured with (i) a pH meter, (ii) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, using pH-sensitive spin probes, and (iii) with fluorescence microscopy. Cell lines from neurons, astrocytes, and Schwann cells, as well as primary astrocytes were incubated with increasing areas of Tabotamp®. Cytotoxicity was detected using a fluorescence labeled DNA-binding dye. In addition, the wounding extent was analyzed via crystal violet staining of cell layers. The strongest pH reduction (to 2.2) was shown in phosphate buffered saline, whereas culture medium and cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated a higher buffer capacity during Tabotamp® incubation. In addition, we could detect a distance-dependent pH gradient by fluorescence microscopy. Incubation of Tabotamp® on cell monolayers led to detachment of covered cells and showed increased cytotoxicity in all tested cell lines and primary cells depending on the covered area. These in vitro results indicate that Tabotamp® may not be a suitable hemostat in cerebral eloquent areas.
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