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Synergistic antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic interaction between L-DOPA and celecoxib in parkinsonian rats is mediated by NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K + channel. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173537. [PMID: 32971091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pain is a usual and troublesome non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease, with a prevalence of 29-82%. Therefore, it's vital to find pharmacological treatments for managing PD-associated pain symptoms, to improve patients' quality of life. For this reason, we tested the possible synergy between L-DOPA and celecoxib in decreasing allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by unilateral lesioning with 6-OHDA into the SNpc in rats. We also tested whether the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect induced by combination of L-DOPA and celecoxib is mediated by the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Tactile allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia were evaluated using von Frey filament. Isobolographic analyses were employed to define the nature of the drug interaction using a fixed dose ratio (0.5: 0.5). We found that acute and sub-acute (10-day) treatment with a single dose of L-DOPA (3-25 mg/kg, i. p.) or celecoxib (2.5-20 mg/kg, i. p.) induced a dose-dependent antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect in parkinsonian rats. Isobolographic analysis revealed that the ED50 values obtained by L-DOPA + celecoxib combination was significantly less than calculated additive values, indicating that co-administration of L-DOPA with celecoxib produces synergistic interactions in its antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect in animals with nigrostriatal lesions. Moreover, the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects induced by L-DOPA + celecoxib combination were blocked by intrathecal pre-treatment with L-NAME, ODQ, and glibenclamide. Taken together, the data suggest that L-DOPA + celecoxib combination produces an antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic synergistic interaction at the systemic level, and these effects are mediated, at the central level, through activation of the NO-cGMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway.
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Pastrana-Quintos T, Salgado-Moreno G, Pérez-Ramos J, Coen A, Godínez-Chaparro B. Anti-allodynic effect induced by curcumin in neuropathic rat is mediated through the NO-cyclic-GMP-ATP sensitive K + channels pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:83. [PMID: 32171311 PMCID: PMC7076866 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies pointed up that curcumin produces an anti-nociceptive effect in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the possible mechanisms of action that underline the anti-allodynic effect induced by curcumin are not yet established. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible anti-allodynic effect of curcumin in rats with L5-L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Furthermore, we study the possible participation of the NO-cyclic GMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channels pathway in the anti-allodynic effect induced by curcumin. METHODS Tactile allodynia was measured using von Frey filaments by the up-down method in female Wistar rats subjected to SNL model of neuropathic pain. RESULTS Intrathecal and oral administration of curcumin prevented, in a dose-dependent fashion, SNL-induced tactile allodynia. The anti-allodynic effect induced by curcumin was prevented by the intrathecal administration of L-NAME (100 μg/rat, a non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), ODQ (10 μg/rat, an inhibitor of guanylate-cyclase), and glibenclamide (50 μg/rat, channel blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ channels). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the anti-allodynic effect induced by curcumin is mediated, at least in part, by the NO-cyclic GMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channels pathway in the SNL model of neuropathic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Pastrana-Quintos
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Giovanna Salgado-Moreno
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Julia Pérez-Ramos
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Arrigo Coen
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Apartado Postal 20-726, 01000, México, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
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Chen HH, Li YD, Cheng PW, Fang YC, Lai CC, Tseng CJ, Pan JY, Yeh TC. Gabapentin Reduces Blood Pressure and Heart Rate through the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii. ACTA CARDIOLOGICA SINICA 2019; 35:627-633. [PMID: 31879515 DOI: 10.6515/acs.201911_35(6).20190429b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral and intravenous gabapentin can markedly attenuate blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive rats. The nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) is the primary integrative center for cardiovascular control and other autonomic functions in the central nervous system. However, the signaling mechanisms involved in gabapentin-mediated cardiovascular effects in the NTS remain unclear. We investigated whether the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) signaling pathway was involved in gabapentin-mediated BP regulation in the NTS of spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats. Methods SHR rats were anesthetized with urethane at age 10-12 weeks. Arterial pressure and heart rate (HR) were monitored through a femoral artery catheter. For stereotaxic intra-NTS microinjection, the dorsal surface of the medulla was exposed by limited craniotomy. We observed that unilateral microinjection of gabapentin into the NTS whether to change dose-related BP and HR. Then, unilateral microinjection of gabapentin into the NTS before and after N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) treatment whether to change blood pressure and heart rate. Results Unilateral microinjection of gabapentin into the NTS produced prominent dose-related depressor and bradycardic effects in SHR rats. The cardiovascular effects of gabapentin were attenuated by the prior administration of the NOS inhibitor, L-NAME. Conclusions Gabapentin modulated central BP and HR control in the NTS of SHR rats in this study through NOS signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Education and Research.,Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management
| | - Yih-Do Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital
| | - Pei-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research.,Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care & Management
| | - Yi-Chien Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital
| | | | | | - Jun-Yen Pan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery.,Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung
| | - Tung-Chen Yeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital.,Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
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Godínez-Chaparro B, Quiñonez-Bastidas GN, Rojas-Hernández IR, Austrich-Olivares AM, Mata-Bermudez A. Synergistic Interaction of a Gabapentin- Mangiferin Combination in Formalin-Induced Secondary Mechanical Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in Rats Is Mediated by Activation of NO-Cyclic GMP-ATP-Sensitive K + Channel Pathway. Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:390-402. [PMID: 28940250 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant used to treat neuropathic pain. Mangiferin is an antioxidant that has antinociceptive and antiallodynic effects in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction between mangiferin and gabapentin in the development and maintenance of formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia in rats. Gabapentin, mangiferin, or their fixed-dose ratio combination were administrated peripherally. Isobolographic analyses was used to define the nature of the interaction of antiallodynic and/or antihyperalgesic effects of the two compounds. Theoretical ED50 values for the combination were 74.31 µg/paw and 95.20 µg/paw for pre- and post-treatment, respectively. These values were higher than the experimental ED50 values, 29.45 µg/paw and 37.73 µg/paw respectively, indicating a synergistic interaction in formalin-induced secondary allodynia and hyperalgesia. The antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effect induced by the gabapentin/mangiferin combination was blocked by administration of L-NAME, the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ and glibenclamide. These data suggest that the gabapentin- mangiferin combination produces a synergistic interaction at the peripheral level. Moreover, the antiallodynic and hyperalgesic effect induced by the combination is mediated via the activation of an NO-cyclic GMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway. Drug Dev Res 78 : 390-402, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F, 04960, Mexico
| | - Geovanna Nallely Quiñonez-Bastidas
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F, 04960, Mexico
| | - Isabel Rocío Rojas-Hernández
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F, 04960, Mexico
| | - Amaya Montserrat Austrich-Olivares
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F, 04960, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Mata-Bermudez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Mexico, D.F, 04960, Mexico
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Pineda-Farias JB, Caram-Salas NL, Salinas-Abarca AB, Ocampo J, Granados-Soto V. Ultra-Low Doses of Naltrexone Enhance the Antiallodynic Effect of Pregabalin or Gabapentin in Neuropathic Rats. Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:371-380. [PMID: 28868795 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Treatment of neuropathic pain is an area of largely unmet medical need. Pregabalin and gabapentin are anticonvulsants widely used for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Unfortunately, these drugs are only effective in 50-60% of the treated patients. In addition, both drugs have substantial side effects. Several studies have reported that ultralow doses of opioid receptor antagonists can induce analgesia and enhance the analgesic effect of opioids in rodents and humans. The objective of the present study was to assess the antiallodynic synergistic interaction between gabapentinoids and naltrexone in rats. Oral administration of pregabalin (ED50 = 2.79 ± 0.16 mg/kg) or gabapentin (ED50 = 21.04 ± 2.87 mg/kg) as well as intrathecal naltrexone (ED50 = 0.11 ± 0.02 ng) reduced in a dose-dependent manner tactile allodynia in rats. Maximal antiallodynic effects (∼100%) were reached with 30 mg/kg of pregabalin, 300 mg/kg of gabapentin or 0.5 ng of naltrexone. Co-administration of pregabalin or gabapentin and naltrexone in a fixed-dose ratio (1:1) remarkably reduced spinal nerve ligation-induced tactile allodynia showing a synergistic interaction. The data indicate that combinations of pregabalin or gabapentin and ultra-low doses of naltrexone are able to reduce tactile allodynia in neuropathic rats with lower doses that those used when drugs are given individually and with an improved side effects profile. Drug Dev Res 78 : 371-380, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge B Pineda-Farias
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Coapa Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nadia L Caram-Salas
- Catedra Conacyt, Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL). Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Ana B Salinas-Abarca
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Coapa Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo
- Laboratorio Médico Químico Biológico S.A. de C.V. (Bioquimed), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vinicio Granados-Soto
- Neurobiology of Pain Laboratory, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Coapa Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Koh WU, Shin JW, Bang JY, Kim SG, Song JG. The Antiallodynic Effects of Nefopam Are Mediated by the Adenosine Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel in a Neuropathic Pain Model. Anesth Analg 2017; 123:762-70. [PMID: 27224932 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000001411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nefopam hydrochloride is a centrally acting compound that induces antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic properties in neuropathic pain models. Previous reports have shown that activation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive and calcium-activated potassium (KATP and KCa2+) channels has antiallodynic effects in neuropathic pain. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between potassium channels and nefopam to determine whether the antiallodynic effects of nefopam are mediated by potassium channels in a neuropathic pain model. METHODS Mechanical allodynia was induced by spinal nerve ligation (SNL) in rats, and the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was evaluated by the use of von Frey filaments. Nefopam was administered intraperitoneally before or after SNL. We assessed the relationship between nefopam and intrathecal injection of the KCa2+ channel antagonists apamin and charybdotoxin, and the KATP channel blocker glibenclamide to assess their abilities to reverse the antiallodynic effects of nefopam. In addition, we evaluated whether the KATP channel opener pinacidil had antiallodynic effects and promoted the antiallodynic effects of nefopam. RESULTS Administration of nefopam before and after SNL induced significant antiallodynic effects (P < .01, respectively), which were significantly reduced by glibenclamide (P < .01). Pinacidil improved the antiallodynic effects of nefopam (P < .01); however, apamin and charybdotoxin had little effects on the antiallodynic properties of nefopam. CONCLUSIONS The antiallodynic effects of nefopam are increased by a KATP channel agonist and reversed by a KATP channel antagonist. These data suggest that the KATP channel is involved in the antiallodynic effects of nefopam in a neuropathic pain model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Uk Koh
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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de Los Monteros-Zuñiga AE, Izquierdo T, Quiñonez-Bastidas GN, Rocha-González HI, Godínez-Chaparro B. Anti-allodynic effect of mangiferin in neuropathic rats: Involvement of nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-ATP sensitive K + channels pathway and serotoninergic system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 150-151:190-197. [PMID: 27984097 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The neurobiology of neuropathic pain is caused by injury in the central or peripheral nervous system. Recent evidence points out that mangiferin shows anti-nociceptive effect in inflammatory pain. However, its role in inflammatory and neuropathic pain and the possible mechanisms of action are not yet established. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible anti-allodynic effect of mangiferin in rats with spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Furthermore, we sought to investigate the possible mechanisms of action that contribute to these effects. Mechanical allodynia to stimulation with the von Frey filaments was measured by the up and down method. Intrathecal administration of mangiferin prevented, in a dose-dependent fashion, SNL-induced mechanical allodynia. Mangiferin-induced anti-allodynia was prevented by the intrathecal administration of L-NAME (100μg/rat, non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), ODQ (10μg/rat, inhibitor of guanylate-cyclase) and glibenclamide (50μg/rat, channel blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ channels). Moreover, methiothepin (30μg/rat, non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist), WAY-100635 (6μg/rat, selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist), SB-224289 (5μg/rat, selective 5-HT1B receptor antagonist), BRL-15572 (4μg/rat, selective 5-HT1D receptor antagonist) and SB-659551 (6μg/rat, selective 5-HT5A receptor antagonist), but not naloxone (50μg/rat, non-selective opioid receptor antagonist), were able to prevent mangiferin-induced anti-allodynic effect. These data suggest that the anti-allodynic effect induced by mangiferin is mediated at least in part by the serotoninergic system, involving the activation of 5-HT1A/1B/1D/5A receptors, as well as the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-ATP-sensitive K+ channels pathway, but not by the opioidergic system, in the SNL model of neuropathic pain in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Espinosa de Los Monteros-Zuñiga
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Teresa Izquierdo
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Geovanna Nallely Quiñonez-Bastidas
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Héctor Isaac Rocha-González
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Miguel Hidalgo, 11340 Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Beatriz Godínez-Chaparro
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, 04960 Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
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Xia H, Zhang D, Yang S, Wang Y, Xu L, Wu J, Ren J, Yao W, Fan L, Zhang C, Tian Y, Pan HL, Wang X. Role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in modulating nociception in rat model of bone cancer pain. Brain Res 2014; 1554:29-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zhou C, Luo ZD. Electrophysiological characterization of spinal neuron sensitization by elevated calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 subunit protein. Eur J Pain 2013; 18:649-58. [PMID: 24151064 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voltage-gated calcium channel α2 δ1 subunit is the binding site for gabapentin, an effective drug in controlling neuropathic pain states including thermal hyperalgesia. Hyperalgesia to noxious thermal stimuli in both spinal nerve-ligated (SNL) and voltage-gated calcium channel α2 δ1 overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice correlates with higher α2 δ1 levels in dorsal root ganglia and dorsal spinal cord. In this study, we investigated whether abnormal synaptic transmission is responsible for thermal hyperalgesia induced by elevated α2 δ1 expression in these models. METHODS Behavioural sensitivities to thermal stimuli were test in L4 SNL and sham mice, as well as in α2 δ1 Tg and wild-type mice. Miniature excitatory (mEPSC) and inhibitory (mIPSC) post-synaptic currents were recorded in superficial dorsal spinal cord neurons from these models using whole-cell patch clamp slice recording techniques. RESULTS The frequency, but not amplitude, of mEPSC in superficial dorsal horn neurons was increased in SNL and α2 δ1 Tg mice, which could be attenuated by gabapentin dose dependently. Intrathecal α2 δ1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide treatment diminished increased mEPSC frequency and gabapentin's inhibitory effects in elevated mEPSC frequency in the SNL mice. In contrast, neither the frequency nor the amplitude of mIPSC was altered in superficial dorsal horn neurons from the SNL and α2 δ1 Tg mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a role of peripheral nerve injury-induced α2 δ1 in enhancing pre-synaptic excitatory input onto superficial dorsal spinal cord neurons that contributes to nociception development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
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Yang JL, Xu B, Li SS, Zhang WS, Xu H, Deng XM, Zhang YQ. Gabapentin reduces CX3CL1 signaling and blocks spinal microglial activation in monoarthritic rats. Mol Brain 2012; 5:18. [PMID: 22647647 PMCID: PMC3517515 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-5-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal glia, particularly microglia and astrocytes, are of the utmost importance in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. A recent study from our laboratory revealed that gabapentin, a recommended first-line treatment for multiple neuropathic conditions, could also efficiently antagonize thermal hyperalgesia evoked by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced monoarthritis (MA). In the present study, we investigated whether the spinal glia are involved in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of gabapentin and how this event occurs. RESULTS Unilateral intra-articular injection of CFA produced a robust activation of microglia and astrocytes. These cells exhibited large cell bodies, thick processes and increases in the ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1, a microglial marker) or the glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, an astrocytic marker). These cells also displayed immunoreactive signals, and an upregulation of the voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) α2/δ-1 subunit, CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression levels in the spinal cord. These changes were associated with the development of thermal hyperalgesia. Immunofluorescence staining showed that VGCC α2/δ-1 subunit, a proposed gabapentin target of action, was widely distributed in primary afferent fibers terminals and dorsal horn neurons. CX3CL1, a potential trigger to activate microglia, colocalized with VGCC α2/δ-1 subunits in the spinal dorsal horn. However, its receptor CX3CR1 was mainly expressed in the spinal microglia. Multiple intraperitoneal (i.p.) gabapentin injections (100 mg/kg, once daily for 4 days with the first injection 60 min before intra-articular CFA) suppressed the activation of spinal microglia, downregulated spinal VGCC α2/δ-1 subunits decreased CX3CL1 levels and blocked the development of thermal hyperalgesia in MA rats. CONCLUSIONS Here we provide the first evidence that gabapentin diminishes CX3CL1 signaling and spinal microglia activation induced by joint inflammation. We also show that the VGCC α2/δ-1 subunits might be involved in these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Yang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Kweon TD, Kim JY, Kwon IW, Choi JB, Lee YW. Participation of K(ATP) Channels in the Antinociceptive Effect of Pregabalin in Rat Formalin Test. Korean J Pain 2011; 24:131-6. [PMID: 21935490 PMCID: PMC3172325 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2011.24.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant and analgesic agent that interacts selectively with the voltage-sensitive-Ca2+-channel alpha-2-delta subunit. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the analgesic action of intrathecal (IT) pregabalin is associated with KATP channels in the rat formalin test. Methods IT PE-10 catheters were implanted in male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) under inhalation anesthesia using enflurane. Nociceptive behavior was defined as the number of hind paw flinches during 60 min after formalin injection. Ten min before formalin injection, IT drug treatments were divided into 3 groups: normal saline (NS) 20 µl (CON group); pregabalin 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 µg in NS 10 µl (PGB group); glibenclamide 100 µg in DMSO 5 µl with pregabalin 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 µg in NS 5 µl (GBC group). All the drugs were flushed with NS 10 µl. Immunohistochemistry for the KATP channel was done with a different set of rats divided into naïve, NS and PGB groups. Results IT pregabalin dose-dependently decreased the flinching number only in phase 2 of formalin test. The log dose response curve of the GBC group shifted to the right with respect to that of the PGB group. Immunohistochemistry for the KATP channel expression on the spinal cord dorsal horn showed no difference among the groups 1 hr after the formalin test. Conclusions The antinociceptive effect of pregabalin in the rat formalin test was associated with the activation of the KATP channel. However, pregabalin did not induce KATP channel expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Dong Kweon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Song JG, Hahm KD, Kim YK, Leem JG, Lee C, Jeong SM, Park PH, Shin JW. Adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel blockers attenuate the antiallodynic effect of R-PIA in neuropathic rats. Anesth Analg 2011; 112:1494-9. [PMID: 21543780 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318212b833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve injury can generate neuropathic pain. The accompanying mechanical allodynia may be reduced by the intrathecal administration of adenosine. The neuroprotective effects of adenosine are mediated by the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channel. We assessed the relationship between the adenosine A1 receptor agonist, N⁶-(R)-phenylisopropyl adenosine (R-PIA), and K(ATP) channels to determine whether the antiallodynic effects of R-PIA are also mediated through K(ATP) channels in a rat nerve ligation injury model of neuropathic pain. METHODS Mechanical allodynia was induced by tight ligation of the left lumbar fifth and sixth spinal nerves. Mechanical allodynia in the left hindpaw was evaluated using von Frey filaments to measure withdrawal thresholds. R-PIA (0.5, 1, or 2 μg) was administered intrathecally to induce antiallodynia. We assessed whether pretreatment with the K(ATP) channel blockers glibenclamide or 5-hydroxydecanoate reversed the antiallodynic effect of R-PIA. Also, we evaluated whether diazoxide, a K(ATP) channel opener, had an antiallodynic effect and promoted the antiallodynic effect of R-PIA. Lastly, we investigated whether the voltage-activated K channel blocker 4-aminopyridine attenuated the effect of R-PIA. RESULTS Intrathecal R-PIA produced maximal antiallodynia at 2 μg (P < 0.05). Intrathecal pretreatment with glibenclamide and intraperitoneal pretreatment 5-hydroxydecanoate significantly reduced the antiallodynic effect of R-PIA. Diazoxide produced an antiallodynic effect and also enhanced the antiallodynic action of R-PIA. 4-Aminopyridine had no effect on the antiallodynic action of R-PIA. CONCLUSIONS The antiallodynic effects of adenosine A1 receptor stimulation may be related to K(ATP) channel activity in a rat model of nerve ligation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gol Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea.
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Agarwal P, Griffith A, Costantino HR, Vaish N. Gabapentin enacarbil - clinical efficacy in restless legs syndrome. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2010; 6:151-8. [PMID: 20505847 PMCID: PMC2874339 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s5712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep-related movement disorder commonly involving an unpleasant urge to move the limbs, typically the legs. Dopaminergic agents represent the first-line therapy for RLS; however, long-term use of such drugs results in worsening symptoms due to "augmentation" or other adverse events. Gabapentin, an analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), is an anticonvulsant/analgesic agent. Gabapentin is only mildly effective in relieving RLS symptoms, perhaps a result of its poor absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gabapentin enacarbil is a prodrug of gabapentin specifically designed to enhance absorption via the GI tract, and hence provide improved circulating levels of gabapentin on metabolism. Clinical trials to date have demonstrated favorable safety and (compared to traditional gabapentin) improved pharmacokinetics and efficacy in treating RLS symptoms. Thus, gabapentin enacarbil may prove to be a useful drug in treating RLS. An application of gabapentin enacarbil for treatment of RLS is currently pending with FDA for approval.
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Ortega-Varela LF, Herrera JE, Caram-Salas NL, Rocha-Gonzalez HI, Torres-López JE, Granados-Soto V. Synergistic antiallodynic interaction of the metamizol-gabapentin combination. Drug Dev Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yang RH, Wang WT, Chen JY, Xie RG, Hu SJ. Gabapentin selectively reduces persistent sodium current in injured type-A dorsal root ganglion neurons. Pain 2009; 143:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Antihyperalgesic effect of systemic dexmedetomidine and gabapentin in a rat model of monoarthritis. Brain Res 2009; 1264:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hahm TS, Ahn HJ, Bae CD, Kim HS, Lim SW, Cho HS, Lee SM, Sim WS, Kim JA, Gwak MS, Choi SJ. Protective effects of gabapentin on allodynia and alpha 2 delta 1-subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channel in spinal nerve-ligated rats. J Korean Med Sci 2009; 24:146-51. [PMID: 19270828 PMCID: PMC2650994 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2009.24.1.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether early gabapentin treatment has a protective analgesic effect on neuropathic pain and compared its effect to the late treatment in a rat neuropathic model, and as the potential mechanism of protective action, the alpha(2)delta(1)-subunit of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (alpha(2)delta(1)-subunit) was evaluated in both sides of the L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Neuropathic pain was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by a surgical ligation of left L5 nerve. For the early treatment group, rats were injected with gabapentin (100 mg/kg) intraperitoneally 15 min prior to surgery and then every 24 hr during postoperative day (POD) 1-4. For the late treatment group, the same dose of gabapentin was injected every 24 hr during POD 8-12. For the control group, L5 nerve was ligated but no gabapentin was administered. In the early treatment group, the development of allodynia was delayed up to POD 10, whereas allodynia was developed on POD 2 in the control and the late treatment group (p<0.05). The alpha(2)delta(1)-subunit was up-regulated in all groups, however, there was no difference in the level of the alpha(2)delta(1)-subunit among the three groups. These results suggest that early treatment with gabapentin offers some protection against neuropathic pain but it is unlikely that this action is mediated through modulation of the alpha(2)delta(1)-subunit in DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Soo Hahm
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Ahn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Dae Bae
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Seop Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Woon Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyun Sung Cho
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangmin M. Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Seog Sim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jie Ae Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Sook Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Joo Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee CH, Tsai TS, Liou HH. Gabapentin activates ROMK1 channels by a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:216-25. [PMID: 18311184 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gabapentin is an effective anticonvulsant. The major physiological function of renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK1) channels is to maintain the resting membrane potential (RMP). We investigated the effect of gabapentin on ROMK1 channels and the mechanism involved. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Xenopus oocytes were injected with mRNA coding for wild-type or mutant ROMK1 channels and giant inside-out patch-clamp recordings were performed. KEY RESULTS Gabapentin increased the activity of ROMK1 channels, concentration-dependently and enhanced the activity of wild-type and an intracellular pH (pH(i))-gating residue mutant (K80M) channels over a range of pH(i). Gabapentin also increased activity of channels mutated at phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2))-binding sites (R188Q, R217A and K218A). However, gabapentin failed to enhance channel activity in the presence of protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors and did not activate phosphorylation site mutants (S44A, S219A or S313A), mutants that mimicked the negative charge carried by a phosphate group bound to a serine (S44D, S219D or S313D), or a mutated channel with a positive charge (S219R). These findings show that gabapentin activates ROMK1 channels independently of the pH(i) and not via a PIP(2)-dependent pathway. The effects of gabapentin on ROMK1 channels may be due to a PKA-mediated phosphorylation-induced conformational change, but not to charge-charge interactions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ROMK1 channels are the main channels responsible for maintaining the RMP during cellular excitation. Gabapentin increased the activity of ROMK1 channels by a PKA-dependent mechanism, reducing neuronal excitability, and this may play an important role in its antiepileptic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-H Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Choi WJ, Kim YK, Shin EY, Shin JW, Sim JY, Leem JG, Lee C. The Mechanism of R-PIA Induced Mechanical Antiallodynia in a Peripheral Neuropathic Rat. Korean J Anesthesiol 2008. [DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2008.54.4.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jong Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ki Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Eun Young Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Sim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Gil Leem
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Deer T, Krames ES, Hassenbusch SJ, Burton A, Caraway D, Dupen S, Eisenach J, Erdek M, Grigsby E, Kim P, Levy R, McDowell G, Mekhail N, Panchal S, Prager J, Rauck R, Saulino M, Sitzman T, Staats P, Stanton-Hicks M, Stearns L, Willis KD, Witt W, Follett K, Huntoon M, Liem L, Rathmell J, Wallace M, Buchser E, Cousins M, Ver Donck A. Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference 2007: Recommendations for the Management of Pain by Intrathecal (Intraspinal) Drug Delivery: Report of an Interdisciplinary Expert Panel. Neuromodulation 2007; 10:300-28. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2007.00128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ambriz-Tututi M, Granados-Soto V. Oral and spinal melatonin reduces tactile allodynia in rats via activation of MT2 and opioid receptors. Pain 2007; 132:273-280. [PMID: 17346886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The antiallodynic effect of melatonin after intrathecal (it) and oral administration as well as the possible participation of MT(2) and opioid receptors in melatonin-induced antiallodynia in neuropathic rats were assessed. Ligation of the L5/L6 spinal nerves produced a clear-cut tactile allodynia in the rats. Intrathecal (3-100 microg) and oral (37.5-300 mg/kg) administration of melatonin decreased tactile allodynia induced by spinal nerve ligation. Intrathecal administration of the preferential MT(2) receptor antagonist luzindole (1-100 microg), but not vehicle, significantly diminished in a dose-dependent manner the antiallodynic effect induced by melatonin (100 microg, it). Oral (0.01-1mg/kg) or intrathecal (0.1-10 microg) administration of the highly selective MT(2) receptor antagonist 4P-PDOT diminished the antiallodynic activity induced by oral (150 mg/kg) or intrathecal (100 microg) administration of melatonin, respectively. Subcutaneous (1mg/kg) or intrathecal (0.5-50 microg) treatment with naltrexone, but not vehicle, significantly diminished the antiallodynic effect induced by oral (150 mg/kg) or intrathecal (100 microg) administration of melatonin. Oral melatonin (150 mg/kg)-induced antiallodynia was partially reduced by the spinal administration of 4P-PDOT (10 microg). Moreover, the spinal effect of melatonin (100 microg) was significantly reduced by the combination 4P-PDOT (0.1 microg)-naltrexone (0.5 microg). At the greatest tested doses, the antagonist drugs did not modify tactile allodynia in neuropathic rats. Melatonin (100 microg or 300 mg/kg) did not affect motor co-ordination in the rotarod test. Results indicate that melatonin reduces tactile allodynia in neuropathic rats after intrathecal and oral administration. Moreover, data suggest the participation of spinal MT(2) and opioid receptors in the melatonin-induced antiallodynic effect in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Ambriz-Tututi
- Departamento de Farmacobiologı´a, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Monterrey, Avenida Cerro de las Mitras 2565, Colonia Obispado, 64060 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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Bermúdez-Ocaña DY, Ambriz-Tututi M, Pérez-Severiano F, Granados-Soto V. Pharmacological evidence for the participation of NO-cyclic GMP-PKG-K+ channel pathway in the antiallodynic action of resveratrol. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 84:535-42. [PMID: 16899286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2006] [Revised: 05/23/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The possible participation of the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G (PKG)-K+ channels pathway in the antiallodynic action of resveratrol and YC-1 in spinal nerve injured rats was assessed. Ligation of L5/L6 spinal nerves produced a clear-cut tactile allodynia in the rats. Intrathecal administration of resveratrol (100-600 microg) and 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (0.1-2.7 microg, YC-1, a soluble guanylyl cyclase activator) decreased tactile allodynia induced by ligation of L5/L6 spinal nerves. Intrathecal treatment with NG-L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (10-100 microg, L-NAME, a NO synthase inhibitor), 1H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazolo(4,2-a)quinoxalin-1-one (1-10 microg, ODQ, a soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor), KT-5823 (5-500 ng, a PKG inhibitor) and iberiotoxin (5-500 ng, a large-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ channel blocker), but not NG-D-nitro-arginine methyl ester (100 microg, D-NAME, an inactive isomer of L-NAME), glibenclamide (12.5-50 microg, ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker) or vehicle, significantly diminished resveratrol (300 microg)- and YC-1 (2.7 microg)-induced spinal antiallodynia. These effects were independent of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition as indomethacin did not affect resveratrol-induced antiallodynia. Results suggest that resveratrol and YC-1 could activate the proteins of the NO-cyclic GMP-PKG spinal pathway or large-conductance Ca2+ -activated, but not ATP-sensitive, K+ channels at the spinal cord in order to produce at least part of their antiallodynic effect in this model of neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deysi Y Bermúdez-Ocaña
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Sede Sur, México, D.F., Mexico
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Caram-Salas NL, Reyes-García G, Medina-Santillán R, Granados-Soto V. Thiamine and Cyanocobalamin Relieve Neuropathic Pain in Rats: Synergy with Dexamethasone. Pharmacology 2006; 77:53-62. [PMID: 16612134 DOI: 10.1159/000092643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of neuropathic pain is an area of largely unmet medical need. Therefore, this pain may require the development of novel drug entities. In the search for alternatives, B vitamins have been found to be a clinically useful pharmacological tool for patients with neuropathic pain. However, preclinical studies supporting this use are lacking. In this study, we assessed the possible antiallodynic effects of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin as well as dexamethasone and their combination on spinal nerve ligation induced allodynia. Sub cutaneous administration of thiamine (75-600 mg/kg), pyridoxine (75-600 mg/kg), cyanocobalamin(0.75-6 mg/kg), and dexamethasone (4-32 mg/kg) significantly reduced tactile allodynia in rats. Maximal antiallodynic effects were reached with 600 mg/kg of thiamine (approximately 58%), 600 mg/kg of pyridoxine (approximately 22%), 6 mg/kg of cyanocobalamin (approximately 73%), and 32 mg/kg of dexamethasone (approximately 68%). Since a small antiallodynic effect was observed with pyridoxine, this drug was not further analyzed in the combinations. Coadministration of thiamine or cyanocobalamin and dexamethasone remarkably reduced spinal nerve ligation induced allodynia (approximately 90%), showing a synergistic interaction between either thiamine or cyanocobalamin and dexamethasone. Our data indicate that thiamine and pyridoxine as well as the combination of B vitamins and dexamethasone are able to reduce tactile allodynia in rats and suggest the possible clinical use of these drugs in the treatment of neuropathic pain in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia L Caram-Salas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Sede Sur, México DF
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Ortiz MI, Medina-Tato DA, Sarmiento-Heredia D, Palma-Martínez J, Granados-Soto V. Possible activation of the NO-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway by gabapentin on the formalin test. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 83:420-7. [PMID: 16630650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2005] [Revised: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of modulators of the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway on the local peripheral antinociceptive action induced by gabapentin was assessed in the rat 1% formalin test. Local peripheral administration of gabapentin produced a dose-dependent antinociception in the second phase of the test. Gabapentin-induced antinociception was due to a local action as its administration in the contralateral paw was ineffective. Local peripheral pretreatment of the paws with NG-L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor), 1H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazolo(4,2-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, a soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) and KT-5823 (a protein kinase G inhibitor) dose-dependently reduced gabapentin-induced antinociception. Likewise, glibenclamide or tolbutamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibitors), 4-aminopyridine or tetraethylammonium (non-selective inward rectifier K+ channel inhibitors) or charybdotoxin (large-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ channel blocker), but not apamin (small-conductance Ca2+-activated-K+ channel blocker) or naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist), reduced the antinociception induced by gabapentin. Our data suggest that gabapentin could activate the nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channels pathway in order to produce its peripheral antinociceptive effect in the rat 1% formalin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario I Ortiz
- Area Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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Abstract
Gabapentin, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue anticonvulsant, is also an effective analgesic agent in neuropathic and inflammatory, but not acute, pain systemically and intrathecally. Other clinical indications such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, and hot flashes have also been proposed. Since gabapentin was developed, several hypotheses had been proposed for its action mechanisms. They include selectively activating the heterodimeric GABA(B) receptors consisting of GABA(B1a) and GABA(B2) subunits, selectively enhancing the NMDA current at GABAergic interneurons, or blocking AMPA-receptor-mediated transmission in the spinal cord, binding to the L-alpha-amino acid transporter, activating ATP-sensitive K(+) channels, activating hyperpolarization-activated cation channels, and modulating Ca(2+) current by selectively binding to the specific binding site of [(3)H]gabapentin, the alpha(2)delta subunit of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels. Different mechanisms might be involved in different therapeutic actions of gabapentin. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in the findings proposed for the antinociceptive action mechanisms of gabapentin and suggest that the alpha(2)delta subunit of spinal N-type Ca(2+) channels is very likely the analgesic action target of gabapentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Kun Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Suzuki R, Rahman W, Rygh LJ, Webber M, Hunt SP, Dickenson AH. Spinal-supraspinal serotonergic circuits regulating neuropathic pain and its treatment with gabapentin. Pain 2006; 117:292-303. [PMID: 16150546 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Revised: 06/09/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Not all neuropathic pain patients gain relief from current therapies that include the anticonvulsant, gabapentin, thought to modulate calcium channel function. We report a neural circuit that is permissive for the effectiveness of gabapentin. Substance P-saporin (SP-SAP) was used to selectively ablate superficial dorsal horn neurons expressing the neurokinin-1 receptor for substance P. These neurons project to the brain as shown by retrograde labelling and engage descending brainstem serotonergic influences that enhance spinal excitability via a facilitatory action on 5HT(3) receptors. We show the integrity of this pathway following nerve injury contributes to the behavioural allodynia, neuronal plasticity of deep dorsal horn neurons and the injury-specific actions of gabapentin. Thus SP-SAP attenuated the tactile and cold hypersensitivity and abnormal neuronal coding (including spontaneous activity, expansion of receptive field size) seen after spinal nerve ligation. Furthermore the powerful actions of gabapentin after neuropathy were blocked by either ablation of NK-1 expressing neurones or 5HT(3) receptor antagonism using ondansetron. Remarkably, 5HT(3) receptor activation provided a state-dependency (independent of that produced by neuropathy) allowing GBP to powerfully inhibit in normal uninjured animals. This circuit is therefore a crucial determinant of the abnormal neuronal and behavioural manifestations of neuropathy and importantly, the efficacy of gabapentin. As this spino-bulbo-spinal circuit contacts areas of the brain implicated in the affective components of pain, this loop may represent a route by which emotions can influence the degree of pain in a patient, as well as the effectiveness of the drug treatment. These hypotheses are testable in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology Medical Sciences Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London. Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Mixcoatl-Zecuatl T, Flores-Murrieta FJ, Granados-Soto V. The nitric oxide-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G-K+ channel pathway participates in the antiallodynic effect of spinal gabapentin. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 531:87-95. [PMID: 16438951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The possible participation of the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP-protein kinase G (PKG) pathway on gabapentin-induced spinal antiallodynic activity was assessed in spinal nerve injured rats. Intrathecal gabapentin, diazoxide or pinacidil reduced tactile allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with NG-L-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, non-specific inhibitor of NO synthase NOS), 7-nitroindazole (neuronal NO synthase inhibitor), 1H-[1,2,4] -oxadiazolo [4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) or (9S, 10R, 12R)-2,3,9,10,11,12-hexahydro-10-methoxy-2,9-dimethyl-1-oxo-9,12-epoxy-1H-diindolo-[1,2,3-fg:3',2',1'-kl]pyrrolo[3,4-i][1,6]benzodiazocine-10-carboxylic acid methyl ester (KT-5823, specific PKG inhibitor), but not NG-D-nitro-arginine methyl ester (D-NAME) or okadaic acid (protein phosphatase 1 and 2 inhibitor) prevented gabapentin-induced antiallodynia. Pinacidil activity was not blocked by L-NAME, D-NAME, 7-nitroindazole, ODQ, KT-5823 or okadaic acid. Moreover, KT-5823, glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker), apamin and charybdotoxin (small- and large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel blockers, respectively), but not margatoxin (voltage-gated K+ channel blocker), L-NAME, 7-nitroindazole, ODQ or okadaic acid, reduced diazoxide-induced antiallodynia. Data suggest that gabapentin-induced spinal antiallodynia could be due to activation of the NO-cyclic GMP-PKG-K+ channel pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Mixcoatl-Zecuatl
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados-Coapa, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, 14330, México, DF, Mexico
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Cheng JK, Chen CC, Yang JR, Chiou LC. The antiallodynic action target of intrathecal gabapentin: Ca2+ channels, KATP channels or N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors? Anesth Analg 2006; 102:182-7. [PMID: 16368827 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000189550.97536.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Gabapentin is a novel analgesic whose mechanism of action is not known. We investigated in a postoperative pain model whether adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive K+ (K(ATP)) channels, N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, and Ca2+ channels are involved in the antiallodynic effect of intrathecal gabapentin. Mechanical allodynia was induced by a paw incision in isoflurane-anesthetized rats. Withdrawal thresholds to von Frey filament stimulation near the incision site were measured before and after incision and after intrathecal drug administration. The antiallodynic effect of gabapentin (100 mug) was not affected by intrathecal pretreatment with antagonists of K(ATP) channels, NMDA receptors or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptors. K(ATP) channel openers and GABA(A) receptor agonist, per se, had little effect on the postincision allodynic response. The Ca2+ channel blocker of N-type (omega-conotoxin GVIA, 0.1-3 microg), but not of P/Q-type (omega-agatoxin IVA), L-type (verapamil, diltiazem or nimodipine), or T-type (mibefradil), attenuated the incision-induced allodynia, as did gabapentin. Both the antiallodynic effects of gabapentin and omega-conotoxin GVIA were attenuated by Bay K 8644, an L-type Ca2+ channel activator. These results provide correlative evidence to support the contention that N-type Ca2+ channels, but not K(ATP) channels or NMDA or GABA(A) receptors, might be involved in the antiallodynic effect of intrathecal gabapentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Kun Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Injury to the nerve can produce changes in dorsal horn function and pain. This facilitated processing may be mediated in part by voltage-sensitive calcium channels. Activation of these channels increases intracellular calcium, thereby mediating transmitter release and activating cascades serving to alter membrane excitability and initiate protein transcription. Molecular techniques reveal the complexity and multiplicity of these channels. At the spinal level, blocking of several of these calcium channels, notably those of the N type, can prominently alter pain behavior. These effects are consistent with the high levels of expression on primary afferents and dorsal horn neurons of these channels. More recently, agents binding to auxiliary subunits such as the alpha2delta of these calcium channels diminish excitability of the membrane without completely blocking channel function. Drugs that bind to this site, highly expressed in the superficial dorsal horn, will diminish neuropathic pain states. Continuing developments in our understanding of these channel functions promises to advance the control of aberrant spinal functions initiated by nerve injury. PERSPECTIVE Pharmacologic studies showing the role of spinal voltage-sensitive calcium channels in neuropathic pain models provide evidence suggesting their applicability in human pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony L Yaksh
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0818, USA.
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Granados-Soto V, Argüelles CF. Synergic Antinociceptive Interaction between Tramadol and Gabapentin after Local, Spinal and Systemic Administration. Pharmacology 2005; 74:200-8. [PMID: 15886505 DOI: 10.1159/000085700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2005] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The possible interaction between tramadol and gabapentin on formalin-induced nociception in the rat was assessed. Tramadol, gabapentin or a fixed-dose ratio combination of gabapentin and tramadol were administered peripherally, spinally and orally to rats, and the antinociceptive effect was determined in the 1% formalin test. Isobolographic analyses were used to define the nature of the interactions between drugs. Tramadol, gabapentin and tramadol-gabapentin combinations produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect when administered locally, spinally or orally. ED30 values were estimated for the individual drugs and isobolograms were constructed. Theoretical ED30 values for the combination estimated from the isobolograms were 126.8 +/- 11.1 microg/paw, 23.1 +/- 2.6 microg/rat, and 2.23 +/- 0.32 mg/kg for the local, intrathecal and oral routes, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the actually observed ED30 values which were 13.3 +/- 2.1 microg/paw, 8.1 +/- 0.6 microg/rat and 0.71 +/- 0.10 mg/kg, indicating a synergistic interaction. Although efficacy was not improved, local peripheral administration resulted in the highest increase in potency, being about tenfold. Spinal and systemic administration increased potency threefold. Data indicate that low doses of the tramadol-gabapentin combination can interact synergistically to reverse formalin-induced nociception and may represent a therapeutic advantage for clinical treatment of inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicio Granados-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Coapa, Mexico.
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Ocaña M, Cendán CM, Cobos EJ, Entrena JM, Baeyens JM. Potassium channels and pain: present realities and future opportunities. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 500:203-19. [PMID: 15464034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Four families of potassium channels with different structures, functional characteristics and pharmacological sensitivity, are distinguished in neurons: voltage-gated (K(v)), calcium-activated (K(Ca)), inward rectifier (K(ir)) and two-pore (K(2P)) K(+) channels. During the last 15 years, numerous studies have demonstrated that the opening of some of these K(+) channels plays an important role in the antinociception induced by agonists of many G-protein-coupled receptors (alpha(2)-adrenoceptors, opioid, GABA(B), muscarinic M(2), adenosine A(1), serotonin 5-HT(1A) and cannabinoid receptors), as well as by other antinociceptive drugs (nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], tricyclic antidepressants, etc.) and natural products. Several specific types of K(+) channels are involved in antinociception. The most widely studied are the ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (K(ATP)), members of the K(ir) family, which participate in the antinociception induced by many drugs that activate them in both the central and the peripheral nervous system. The opening of G-protein-regulated inwardly rectifying K(+) channels (GIRK or K(ir)3), K(v)1.1 and two types of K(Ca) channels, the small- and large-conductance calcium-activated K(+) channels (SK and BK channels, respectively), also play a role in the antinociceptive effect of different drugs and natural products. Recently, drugs that open K(+) channels by direct activation (such as openers of neuronal K(v)7 and K(ATP) channels) have been shown to produce antinociception in models of acute and chronic pain, which suggests that other neuronal K(+) channels (e.g. K(v)1.4 channels) may represent an interesting target for the development of new K(+) channel openers with antinociceptive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ocaña
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de Madrid 12, E-18012 Granada, Spain
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Chen SR, Pan HL. Effect of systemic and intrathecal gabapentin on allodynia in a new rat model of postherpetic neuralgia. Brain Res 2005; 1042:108-13. [PMID: 15823259 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2005] [Revised: 02/10/2005] [Accepted: 02/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with postherpetic neuralgia often have an increased sensitivity to a tactile stimulus but impaired thermal sensitivity in the same affected dermatomes. We recently found that depletion of capsaicin-sensitive afferents by systemic treatment with a potent TRPV1 agonist, resiniferotoxin, in adult rats produces long-lasting paradoxical changes in mechanical and thermal sensitivities, which resemble the unique clinical features of postherpetic neuralgia. The anticonvulsant gabapentin is effective in reducing the subjective pain score in patients with postherpetic neuralgia. In this study, we quantified the potential effect of systemic and intrathecal gabapentin on tactile allodynia induced by resiniferotoxin in rats. Intraperitoneal injection of 200 microg/kg resiniferotoxin produced a rapid and sustained increase in the paw withdrawal latency to a radiant heat stimulus. Profound tactile allodynia developed in all the resiniferotoxin-treated rats within 3 weeks. Intraperitoneal injection of 30-60 mg/kg of gabapentin in resiniferotoxin-treated rats significantly increased the withdrawal threshold in response to von Frey filaments. Furthermore, intrathecal administration of 10-30 microg of gabapentin also produced a significant effect on the mechanical withdrawal threshold in all resiniferotoxin-treated rats. These data provide complementary new information that gabapentin administered systemically and spinally can effectively relieve tactile allodynia in this animal model of postherpetic neuralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Rui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Min HG, Seong SH, Jung SM, Shin JW, Gwak MJ, Leem JG, Lee C. The Effect of ATP-sensitive Potassium Channel on R-PIA Induced Mechanical Antiallodynia in a Peripheral Neuropathic Rat. Korean J Pain 2005. [DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2005.18.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gi Min
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hye Seong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Mun Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Jung Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Gill Leem
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheong Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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