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Ye Y, Lin M, Zhou G, Wang W, Yao Y, Su Y, Qi J, Zheng Y, Zhong C, Chen X, Huang M, Lu Y. Fuyuan decoction prevents nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis by inhibiting circulating tumor cells/ endothelial cells interplay and enhancing anti-cancer immune response. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1355650. [PMID: 38738179 PMCID: PMC11084272 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1355650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is a major cause of treatment failure in cancer patients and a key challenge to improving cancer care today. We hypothesized that enhancing anti-cancer immune response and inhibiting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) adhesion and transendothelial migration through synergistic multi-target approaches may effectively prevent cancer metastasis. "Fuyuan Decoction" (FYD) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound that is widely used to prevent postoperative metastasis in cancer patients, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we systematically elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by which FYD prevents cancer metastasis through multi-compound and multi-target synergies in vitro and in vivo. FYD significantly prevented cancer metastasis at non-cytotoxic concentrations by suppressing the adhesion of CTCs to endothelial cells and their subsequent transendothelial migration, as well as enhancing anti-cancer immune response. Mechanistically, FYD interrupts adhesion of CTCs to vascular endothelium by inhibiting TNF-α-induced CAMs expression via regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in endothelial cells. FYD inhibits invasion and migration of CTCs by suppressing EMT, PI3K/AKT and FAK signaling pathways. Moreover, FYD enhances the anti-cancer immune response by significantly increasing the population of Tc and NK cells in the peripheral immune system. In addition, the chemical composition of FYD was determined by UPLC-HRMS, and the results indicated that multiple compounds in FYD prevents cancer metastasis through multi-target synergistic treatment. This study provides a modern medical basis for the application of FYD in the prevention of cancer metastasis, and suggesting that multi-drug and multi-target synergistic therapy may be one of the most effective ways to prevent cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated People’s Hospital (Fujian Provincial People’s Hospital), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mengting Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiyu Zhou
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinyin Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yafei Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fuzhou Second Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianqiang Qi
- Center for Teaching of Clinical Skills, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunlian Zhong
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated People’s Hospital (Fujian Provincial People’s Hospital), Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
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Wei Q, Zhang YH. Flavonoids with Anti-Angiogenesis Function in Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:1570. [PMID: 38611849 PMCID: PMC11013936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of new blood vessels, known as angiogenesis, significantly impacts the development of multiple types of cancer. Consequently, researchers have focused on targeting this process to prevent and treat numerous disorders. However, most existing anti-angiogenic treatments rely on synthetic compounds and humanized monoclonal antibodies, often expensive or toxic, restricting patient access to these therapies. Hence, the pursuit of discovering new, affordable, less toxic, and efficient anti-angiogenic compounds is imperative. Numerous studies propose that natural plant-derived products exhibit these sought-after characteristics. The objective of this review is to delve into the anti-angiogenic properties exhibited by naturally derived flavonoids from plants, along with their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. Additionally, we summarize the structure, classification, and the relationship between flavonoids with their signaling pathways in plants as anti-angiogenic agents, including main HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, JNK1/STAT3, and MAPK/AP-1 pathways. Nonetheless, further research and innovative approaches are required to enhance their bioavailability for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- School of Medicine, Anhui Xinhua University, 555 Wangjiang West Road, Hefei 230088, China;
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Faraji F, Kooshki L, Webber K, Bishayee A. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:501-574. [PMID: 37792223 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells employ multiple signaling mediators to escape the hypoxic condition and trigger angiogenesis and metastasis. As a critical orchestrate of tumorigenic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is responsible for stimulating several target genes and dysregulated pathways in tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, targeting HIF-1 pathway and cross-talked mediators seems to be a novel strategy in cancer prevention and treatment. In recent decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop multi-targeted therapies to modulate several dysregulated pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this line, natural compounds have shown a bright future in combating angiogenic and metastatic conditions. Among the natural secondary metabolites, we have evaluated the critical potential of phenolic compounds, terpenes/terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur compounds, marine- and microbe-derived agents in the attenuation of HIF-1, and interconnected pathways in fighting tumor-associated angiogenesis and invasion. This is the first comprehensive review on natural constituents as potential regulators of HIF-1 and interconnected pathways against cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. This review aims to reshape the previous strategies in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415153, Iran
| | - Kassidy Webber
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Abbaszadeh F, Faraji F, Amirian R, Sinha D, McMahon EG, Bishayee A. Targeting the key players of phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells by phytochemicals. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:261-292. [PMID: 38169011 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plasticity of phenotypic traits refers to an organism's ability to change in response to environmental stimuli. As a result, the response may alter an organism's physiological state, morphology, behavior, and phenotype. Phenotypic plasticity in cancer cells describes the considerable ability of cancer cells to transform phenotypes through non-genetic molecular signaling activities that promote therapy evasion and tumor metastasis via amplifying cancer heterogeneity. As a result of metastable phenotypic state transitions, cancer cells can tolerate chemotherapy or develop transient adaptive resistance. Therefore, new findings have paved the road in identifying factors and agents that inhibit or suppress phenotypic plasticity. It has also investigated novel multitargeted agents that may promise new effective strategies in cancer treatment. Despite the efficiency of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, drug toxicity, development of resistance, and high-cost limit their use in cancer therapy. Recent research has shown that small molecules derived from natural sources are capable of suppressing cancer by focusing on the plasticity of phenotypic responses. This systematic, comprehensive, and critical review analyzes the current state of knowledge regarding the ability of phytocompounds to target phenotypic plasticity at both preclinical and clinical levels. Current challenges/pitfalls, limitations, and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517838678, Iran
| | - Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Dona Sinha
- Department of Receptor Biology and Tumor Metastasis, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, 700 026, West Bengal, India
| | - Emily G McMahon
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Li M, Jia D, Li J, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Xie W, Chen S. Scutellarin Alleviates Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Remodeling in Mice and TGF-β-Induced Pro-fibrotic Phenotype in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells via MAPK and Smad2/3 Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-023-01947-7. [PMID: 38168709 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and remodeling. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an essential player in these alterations. Scutellarin is isolated from Erigeron breviscapus. Its vascular relaxative, myocardial protective, and anti-inflammatory effects have been well established. This study was designed to detect the biological roles of scutellarin in asthma and its related mechanisms. The asthma-like conditions were induced by ovalbumin challenges. The airway resistance and dynamic compliance were recorded as the results of AHR. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected and processed for differential cell counting. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, periodic acid-Schiff staining, and Masson staining were conducted to examine histopathological changes. The levels of asthma-related cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For in vitro analysis, the 16HBE cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL transforming growth beta-1 (TGF-β1). Cell migration was estimated by Transwell assays and wound healing assays. E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were analyzed by western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining, and immunohistochemistry staining. The underlying mechanisms of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Smad pathways were investigated by western blotting. In an ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mouse model, scutellarin suppressed inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration into the lungs and attenuated AHR and airway remodeling. Additionally, scutellarin inhibited airway EMT (upregulated E-cadherin level and downregulated N-cadherin and α-SMA) in ovalbumin-challenged asthmatic mice. For in vitro analysis, scutellarin prevented the TGF-β1-induced migration and EMT in 16HBE cells. Mechanistically, scutellarin inhibits the phosphorylation of Smad2, Smad3, ERK, JNK, and p38 in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, scutellarin can inactivate the Smad/MAPK pathways to suppress the TGF-β1-stimulated epithelial fibrosis and EMT and relieve airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minfang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Dan Jia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jinshuai Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yaqing Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300, China.
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
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Zhang Q, Jiang Q, Sa K, Liang J, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Research progress of plant-derived natural alkaloids in central nervous system diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4885-4907. [PMID: 37455555 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most important causes of human death. Because of their complex pathogenesis, more and more attention has been paid to them. At present, drug treatment of the CNS is the main means; however, most drugs only relieve symptoms, and some have certain toxicity and side effects. Natural compounds derived from plants can provide safer and more effective alternatives. Alkaloids are common nitrogenous basic organic compounds found in nature, which exist widely in many kinds of plants and have unique application value in modern medicine. For example, Galantamine and Huperzine A from medicinal plants are widely used drugs on the market to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to provide the available information on natural alkaloids with the activity of treating central nervous system diseases in order to explore the trends and perspectives for the further study of central nervous system drugs. In this paper, 120 alkaloids with the potential effect of treating central nervous system diseases are summarized from the aspects of sources, structure types, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuiru Sa
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junming Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Wu Z, Bian Y, Chu T, Wang Y, Man S, Song Y, Wang Z. The role of angiogenesis in melanoma: Clinical treatments and future expectations. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1028647. [PMID: 36588679 PMCID: PMC9797529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1028647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of melanoma has increased rapidly over the past few decades, with mortality accounting for more than 75% of all skin cancers. The high metastatic potential of Melanoma is an essential factor in its high mortality. Vascular angiogenic system has been proved to be crucial for the metastasis of melanoma. An in-depth understanding of angiogenesis will be of great benefit to melanoma treatment and may promote the development of melanoma therapies. This review summarizes the recent advances and challenges of anti-angiogenic agents, including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, human recombinant Endostatin, and traditional Chinese herbal medicine. We hope to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms, clinical research progress, and future research directions of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhu Wu
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yifei Bian
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tianjiao Chu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuman Wang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Man
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Shuai Man, ; Yongmei Song, ; Zhenguo Wang,
| | - Yongmei Song
- Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Shuai Man, ; Yongmei Song, ; Zhenguo Wang,
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Institute for Literature and Culture of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Shuai Man, ; Yongmei Song, ; Zhenguo Wang,
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Liu X, Xiao X, Han X, Yao L, Lan W. A New Therapeutic Trend: Natural Medicine for Ameliorating Ischemic Stroke via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227963. [PMID: 36432062 PMCID: PMC9694461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is an acute cerebrovascular disease caused by sudden arterial occlusion, which is characterized by a high morbidity, mortality, and disability rate. It is one of the most important causes of nervous system morbidity and mortality in the world. In recent years, the search for new medicine for the treatment of IS has become an attractive research focus. Due to the extremely limited time window of traditional medicine treatment, some side effects may occur, and accompanied by the occurrence of adverse reactions, the frequency of exploration with natural medicine is significantly increased. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway is a classical pathway for cell metabolism, growth, apoptosis, and other physiological activities. There is considerable research on medicine that treats various diseases through this pathway. This review focuses on how natural medicines (including herbs and insects) regulate important pathophysiological processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and the role it plays in improving IS. We found that many kinds of herbal medicine and insect medicine can alleviate the damage caused by IS through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, the prescription after their combination can also achieve certain results. Therefore, this review provides a new candidate category for medicine development in the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Lan Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Wei Lan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
- Correspondence:
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Mei XY, Zhang JN, Jia WY, Lu B, Wang MN, Zhang TY, Ji LL. Scutellarin suppresses triple-negative breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting TNFα-induced vascular endothelial barrier breakdown. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2666-2677. [PMID: 35228654 PMCID: PMC9525297 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00873-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with high vascularity and frequent metastasis. Tumor-associated abnormal vasculature was reported to accelerate TNBC metastasis. Scutellarin (SC) is a natural flavonoid with a cardiovascular protective function. In this study, SC reduced TNBC metastasis and alleviated tumor-associated vascular endothelial barrier injury in vivo. SC rescued the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced diminishment of endothelial junctional proteins and dysfunction of the endothelial barrier in vitro. SC reduced the increased transendothelial migration of TNBC cells through a monolayer composed of TNFα-stimulated human mammary microvascular endothelial cells (HMMECs) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). TNFα induced the nuclear translocation of enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2), and its chemical inhibitor GSK126 blocked TNFα-induced endothelial barrier disruption and subsequent TNBC transendothelial migration. TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) is the main receptor by which TNFα regulates endothelial barrier breakdown. Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 was found to be downstream of TNFα/TNFR2 and upstream of EZH2. Additionally, SC abrogated the TNFR2-ERK1/2-EZH2 signaling axis both in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that SC reduced TNBC metastasis by suppressing TNFα-initiated vascular endothelial barrier breakdown through rescuing the reduced expression of junctional proteins by regulating the TNFR2-ERK1/2-EZH2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yu Mei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing-Nan Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wang-Ya Jia
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Meng-Na Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li-Li Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Shah M, Mubin S, Hassan SSU, Tagde P, Ullah O, Rahman MH, Al-Harrasi A, Rehman NU, Murad W. Phytochemical Profiling and Bio-Potentiality of Genus Scutellaria: Biomedical Approach. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070936. [PMID: 35883492 PMCID: PMC9313281 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) comprises over 360 species. Based on its morphological structure of calyx, also known as Skullcap, it is herbaceous by habit and cosmopolitan by habitat. The species of Scutellaria are widely used in local communities as a natural remedy. The genus contributed over three hundred bioactive compounds mainly represented by flavonoids and phenols, chemical ingredients which serve as potential candidates for the therapy of various biological activities. Thus, the current review is an attempt to highlight the biological significance and its correlation to various isolated bioactive ingredients including flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids, and steroids. However, flavonoids were the dominant group observed. The findings of the Scutellaria reveal that due to its affluent basis of numerous chemical ingredients it has a diverse range of pharmacological potentials, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antifeedant, enzyme inhibition, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic significance. Currently, various bioactive ingredients have been investigated for various biological activities from the genus Scutellaria in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these data help us to highlight its biomedical application and to isolate the responsible compounds to produce innovative medications as an alternative to synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Sidra Mubin
- Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra 21310, Pakistan;
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Priti Tagde
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
| | - Obaid Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan;
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (A.A.-H.); (N.U.R.); (W.M.)
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
- Correspondence: (A.A.-H.); (N.U.R.); (W.M.)
| | - Waheed Murad
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (A.A.-H.); (N.U.R.); (W.M.)
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Du H, He Y, Lu W, Han Y, Wan Q, Jiang F. Machine Learning Analysis of Immune Cells for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cutaneous Melanoma. Journal of Oncology 2022; 2022:1-15. [PMID: 35126517 PMCID: PMC8813285 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7357637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor infiltration, known to associate with various cancer initiations and progressions, is a promising therapeutic target for aggressive cutaneous melanoma. Then, the relative infiltration of 24 kinds of immune cells in melanoma was assessed by a single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) program from a public database. The multiple machine learning algorithms were applied to evaluate the efficiency of immune cells in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of melanoma. In comparison with the expression of immune cell in tumor and normal control, we built the immune diagnostic models in training dataset, which can accurately classify melanoma patients from normal (LR AUC = 0.965, RF AUC = 0.99, SVM AUC = 0.963, LASSO AUC = 0.964, and NNET AUC = 0.989). These diagnostic models were also validated in three outside datasets and suggested over 90% AUC to distinguish melanomas from normal patients. Moreover, we also developed a robust immune cell biomarker that could estimate the prognosis of melanoma. This biomarker was also further validated in internal and external datasets. Following that, we created a nomogram with a composition of risk score and clinical parameters, which had high accuracies in predicting survival over three and five years. The nomogram's decision curve revealed a bigger net benefit than the tumor stage. Furthermore, a risk score system was used to categorize melanoma patients into high- and low-risk subgroups. The high-risk group has a significantly lower life expectancy than the low-risk subgroup. Finally, we observed that complement, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inflammatory response were significantly activated in the high-risk group. Therefore, the findings provide new insights for understanding the tumor infiltration relevant to clinical applications as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for melanoma.
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Liang Y, Zheng Y, Mou K, Han D, Wang L, Ge R, Meng A. Inhibition of spindle and kinetochore associated complex subunit 3 suppresses the proliferation and invasion and induced the apoptosis of cutaneous melanoma by affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22895. [PMID: 34423490 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Spindle and kinetochore-associated complex subunit 3 (SKA3) is reportedly a key contributor to the progression of various cancers. The present work aimed to evaluate the possible role of SKA3 in cutaneous melanoma (CM). A high SKA3 level was found in CM tissues and predicted a poor prognosis. SKA3 silencing markedly repressed the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition and induced the apoptosis of CM cells. SKA3 silencing decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. Akt inhibition markedly reversed SKA3 overexpression-induced oncogenic effects on CM cells. SKA3 silencing significantly prohibited the formation and growth of CM-derived xenograft tumors in nude mice in vivo. Our findings demonstrated SKA3 inhibition repressed the progression of CM by downregulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. This study indicates that SKA3 has potential as an anticancer candidate for CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Anfeng Meng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Municipal People's Hospital of Baoji, Baoji, China
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Zhu H, Zhao N, Jiang M. Isovitexin attenuates tumor growth in human colon cancer cells through the modulation of apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:741-749. [PMID: 34219464 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Isovitexin, a biologically active flavone C-glycosylated derivative, has a variety of biological activities. We aimed to identify the effect of isovitexin (Isov) on colon cancer. The human colonic epithelial cell (HCEC), and cancer cells were treated with Isov, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) was used to detect cell proliferation and calculate half-inhibitory concentration (IC50). The biological activity of cancer cells were assessed. The tumor size and volume were recorded. The expression levels of proteins were analyzed by western blot. Isov inhibited cancer cells proliferation, while had little cytotoxicity on HCEC. Isov significantly attenuated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), induced cell apoptosis, and that trends were blocked by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) treated. The expression levels of phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinasep (p-PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) evidently decreased when treated with Isov, while the levels of Bcl2-associated X (Bax), and caspase-3 significantly increased. After Isov treatment, the tumor volume and weight were decreased, the levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, and Bcl-2 significantly decreased in tumor tissues. Our finding demonstrated that Isov could inhibit cancer cells migration, invasion and EMT. Isov maybe a new potentially treatment medicine for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Yantaishan Hospital, 519688, Yantai, China, 264001;
| | - Na Zhao
- Yantaishan Hospital, 519688, Yantai, Shandong, China;
| | - Maozhu Jiang
- Yantaishan Hospital, 519688, Yantai, Shandong, China;
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Mu X, Wang L, Zhang Z, Ge R, Zhang J, Liu W, Mou K, Lv S. Scutellarin Suppresses RPMI7951 Melanoma Cell Proliferation by Targeting TOPK. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:640-648. [PMID: 32781970 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200811112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-LAK cell-Originated Protein Kinase (TOPK) belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is highly expressed in RPMI7951 melanoma cells. Scutellarin (SCU) is an active ingredient extracted from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz. Its main physiological functions are related to its anti-inflammatory and antitumour activities. METHODS The relationship between SCU and TOPK was assessed by molecular docking, an in vitro binding assay and an in vitro kinase assay. The effect of SCU on RPMI7951 cells was detected by MTS and soft agar assays. TOPK knockdown was induced by lentiviral infection. The TOPK downstream signalling pathway was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical analyses in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS SCU was found to directly bind with TOPK and inhibit TOPK activity in vitro. SCU inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of RPMI7951 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Silencing TOPK decreased the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to SCU. SCU inhibited the phosphorylation levels of Extracellular Regulated protein Kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and histone H3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner in RPMI7951 cells. In addition, SCU inhibited the growth of xenograft tumours of RPMI7951 cells and decreased the phosphorylation levels of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 and histone H3 in vivo. CONCLUSION The results showed that SCU exerts promising antitumour effects on human RPMI7951 cells by inhibiting the activity of TOPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zixi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Rui Ge
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Kuanhou Mou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Shemin Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
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Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies with a high mortality rate world. This study intends to make clear the role and mechanism of the Scutellarin (Scu), a flavonoid isolated from Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz, in regulating the evolvement of gastric cancer. We selected different doses of Scu to treat gastric cancer cells (MGC-803 and AGS). Then, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was conducted to verify the proliferation of tumor cells, while flow cytometry was adopted to test the apoptosis rate. Meanwhile, Western blot was conducted to examine epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl2 and Caspase3). Moreover, xenograft tumor experiment in nude mice was established to verify the effect of Scu on tumor growth. Furthermore, the knockdown model of PTEN was constructed, and the influence of PTEN on the anti-tumor effect of Scu was investigated. As a result, Scu inhibited cell proliferation, EMT and promoted the apoptosis in gastric cancer dose-dependently. Additionally, Scu attenuated tumor cell growth in vivo. Besides, Scu enhanced the expression of PTEN while reduced the phosphorylated level of PI3K. Moreover, the mechanistic study proved that Scu inactivated PI3K by up-regulating PTEN, thus dampening tumor progression. In conclusion, Scu dampened the growth and EMT of gastric cancer by regulating the PTEN/PI3K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxian Dongda Hospital
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxian Dongda Hospital
| | - Manxiang Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxian Dongda Hospital
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Wang K, Chen Q, Shao Y, Yin S, Liu C, Liu Y, Wang R, Wang T, Qiu Y, Yu H. Anticancer activities of TCM and their active components against tumor metastasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:111044. [PMID: 33378952 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multiple targets, slight side effects and good therapeutic effects. Good anti-tumor effects are shown by Traditional Chinese Medicine prescription, Chinese patent medicine, single Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Chinese medicine monomer compound. Clinically, TCM prolonged the survival time of patients and improved the life quality of patients, due to less side effects. Cancer metastasis is a complex process involving numerous steps, multiple genes and their products. During the process of tumor metastasis, firstly, cancer cell increases its proliferative capacity by reducing autophagy and apoptosis, and then the cancer cell capacity is stimulated by increasing the ability of tumors to absorb nutrients from the outside through angiogenesis. Both of the two steps can increase tumor migration and invasion. Finally, the purpose of tumor metastasis is achieved. By inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis of tumor cells, angiogenesis and EMT outside the tumor can inhibit the invasion and migration of cancer, and consequently achieve the purpose of inhibiting tumor metastasis. This review explores the research achievements of Traditional Chinese Medicine on breast cancer, lung cancer, hepatic carcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer and other cancer metastasis in the past five years, summarizes the development direction of TCM on cancer metastasis research in the past five years and makes a prospect for the future.
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Wu H, Jia L. Scutellarin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in hepatocytes by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress through regulating Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20192501. [PMID: 31654068 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20192501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellarin is a natural flavonoid that has been found to exhibit anti-ischemic effect. However, the effect of scutellarin on hepatic hypoxia/reoxygenation (ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)) injury remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the protective effect of scutellarin on I/R-induced injury in hepatocytes. Our results showed that scutellarin improved cell viability in hepatocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Scutellarin treatment resulted in decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in H/R-induced hepatocytes. In addition, scutellarin reduced cell apoptosis in H/R-stimulated hepatocytes, as proved by the decreased apoptotic rate. Moreover, scutellarin significantly up-regulated bcl-2 expression and down-regulated bax expression in hepatocytes exposed to H/R. Furthermore, scutellarin treatment caused significant decrease in Keap1 expression and increase in nuclear Nrf2 expression. Besides, scutellarin induced the mRNA expressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Inhibition of Nrf2 significantly reversed the protective effects of scutellarin on H/R-stimulated hepatocytes. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that scutellarin protected hepatocytes from H/R-induced oxidative injury through regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, indicating a potential relevance of scutellarin in attenuating hepatic I/R injury.
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Zhang J, Li X, Huang L. Anticancer activities of phytoconstituents and their liposomal targeting strategies against tumor cells and the microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:245-273. [PMID: 32473991 PMCID: PMC7704676 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various bioactive ingredients have been extracted from Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) that affect tumor progression and metastasis. To further understand the mechanisms of CHMs in cancer therapy, this article summarizes the effects of five categories of CHMs and their active ingredients on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Despite their treatment potential, the undesirable physicochemical properties (poor permeability, instability, high hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, toxicity) and unwanted pharmacokinetic profiles (short half-life in blood and low bioavailability) restrict clinical studies of CHMs. Therefore, development of liposomes through relevant surface modifying techniques to achieve targeted CHM delivery for cancer cells, i.e., extracellular and intracellular targets and targets in tumor microenvironment or vasculature, have been reviewed. Current challenges of liposomal targeting of these phytoconstituents and future perspective of CHM applications are discussed to provide an informative reference for interested readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Ye J, Gao M, Guo X, Zhang H, Jiang F. Breviscapine suppresses the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer through regulating PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110223. [PMID: 32413672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors of men, leads to poor quality of life. Previous studies have shown that breviscapine (BRE) exerts therapeutic activity in malignant tumors. However, the role and mechanism of BRE exhibit an anti-tumor effect on prostate cancer are largely unknown. METHODS The mRNA and protein levels in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines were measured using RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in both PC3 and DU145 cells were evaluated using CCK-8 and Transwell assay. The effect of BRE on cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo was determined. RESULTS PAQR4 was significantly overexpressed in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines, which was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of PAQR4 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of both PC3 and DU145 cells. Mechanistically, BRE treatment significantly suppressed the malignant biological behavior of both prostate cancer cells by downregulating PAQR4 and blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway. In vivo experiments, BRE administration remarkably inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a xenograft model of prostate cancer. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that BRE exerts anti-tumor and anti-metastasis roles in prostate cancer by inhibiting PAQR4-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway, which provides a new therapeutic agent for prostate cancer clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Second People's Hospital of Henan Province, Nanyang, 473000, Henan, China.
| | - Mingquan Gao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xinwu Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanyang Second People's Hospital of Henan Province, Nanyang, 473000, Henan, China.
| | - Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Wang D, Zeng J, Xiang W, Yin M, Zhong G, Xia Z. Online coupling of the Ussing chamber, solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography for screening and analysis of active constituents of traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460480. [PMID: 31530382 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A semi-automated online platform was established successfully for preliminary screening of potential active flavonoids of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in multicomponent system. Online coupling of the in vitro intestinal absorption model, solid phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was actualized at the first time. The Ussing chamber model was selected to absorb the constituents of TCMs. A mini chromatographic column filled with C18 was used as a SPE column for online enrichment of flavonoids. HPLC was applied to analyze the constituents screened by platform. With the use of rutin as a model flavonoid, the specifications of SPE column, eluting solvent, elution time and flow rate of eluent were systematically investigated to optimize online system. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range of rutin was 0.125-368 µg/mL with the correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.9947. The limit of detection (LOD) was as low as 0.0500 µg/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.125 µg/mL. The intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) and inter-day RSD was 2.5% and 3.8%, respectively. The recoveries of rutin in the intestinal absorption samples ranged from 93.2% to 94.0%. Finally, the online system was applied to screen the potential active flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin, HQ) and Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix (Huzhang, HZ). A total of 14 flavonoids of these two TCMs were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and 12 flavonoids of them were screened as the potential active components by online Ussing chamber-SPE-HPLC. In comparison with offline method and gavage in rats, the online system can screen the active constituents from TCMs more accurately and completely. The results demonstrated that the online system was reliable and sufficiently accurate for screening and determination of the potential active flavonoids of TCMs in multicomponent system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Jinxiang Zeng
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Manni Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
| | - Zhining Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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Li CY, Wang Q, Wang XM, Li GX, Shen S, Wei XL. Gambogic acid exhibits anti-metastatic activity on malignant melanoma mainly through inhibition of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 864:172719. [PMID: 31586634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gambogic acid (GA) is a potential anti-cancer compound that is extracted from the resin of Garciania hanburyi. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-metastatic effect of GA on melanoma cell lines in vitro and to explore the underlying mechanism. The anti-proliferative activity of GA on melanoma cells was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The Wound-healing, transwell, adhesion, and tube formation assays were performed to examine the inhibition of GA on the cell's migration, invasion, adhesion, and angiogenesis capacities, respectively. Enzymatic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by gelatin zymography assay. Protein expressions regulated by GA treatment were tested by Western blot assay. The present results showed that GA significantly inhibited the proliferation of highly metastatic melanoma A375, B16-F10 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in time- and doses-dependent manners. Furthermore, GA significantly inhibited the migratory, invasive and adhesive properties of A375 and B16-F10 cells, and tube-forming potential of HUVECs at sub-IC50 concentrations, where no significant cytotoxicity was observed. Mechanistically, GA treatment suppressed the EMT and angiogenesis processes and reduced the enzymatic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Moreover, abnormal PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways in A375 and B16-F10 cells and HUVECs were notably suppressed by GA treatment. Collectively, our results suggest that GA exerts anti-metastasis activity in melanoma cells by suppressing the EMT and angiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways, and might be used as a phytomedicine against metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, No. 507 Zhengmin, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Guo-Xia Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shen Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Wei
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, China
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