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Luo D, Li S, Guo J, Yue H, Shi L, Liu R, Wang J, Shi X. The role and mechanism of AZD5363 anti-leukemia activity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176268. [PMID: 38096965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous hematologic malignancy. Chemotherapy resistance and refractory relapses are the most important challenges in T-ALL. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has been implicated in regulating cell survival, T-ALL development and resistance to chemotherapy. We explored the effects of AZD5363 (a potent pan-Akt inhibitor) alone and in combination with autophagy inhibitor hydroxycholoroquine sulfate (HCQ) in cultured CCRF-CEM, Jurkat and PF382 cells and a T-ALL xenograft mouse model. METHODS A xenograft mouse model was used to investigate the effect of AZD5363 on T-ALL progression. MTT assay, flow cytometry, siRNA, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting were performed in cultured CCRF-CEM, Jurkat and PF382 cells. The interaction between AZD5363 and HCQ was explored by molecular docking. RESULTS AZD5363 delayed T-ALL progression and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II in mice. AZD5363 decreased cells viability by arresting cell cycle in the G1 phase and inducing apoptosis, and, significantly increased the number of autophagosomes (p < 0.01). The increased expression of cleaved caspase-3 and LC3B-II, and phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR were significantly, inhibited by AZD5363. HCQ blocked AZD5363-induced autophagy and enhanced AZD5363-induced cell death (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS AZD5363 suppressed T-ALL progression and its anti-leukemia activity was enhanced by HCQ in T-ALL cells, which might provide a potential therapeutic strategy for human T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Shen Li
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Huixuan Yue
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Lixiao Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated of Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Bhati M, Thakre S, Anjankar A. Nissl Granules, Axonal Regeneration, and Regenerative Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e47872. [PMID: 38022048 PMCID: PMC10681117 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nissl granules, traditionally recognized for their pivotal role in protein synthesis within neuronal cell bodies, are emerging as intriguing components with far-reaching implications in the realm of regenerative therapeutics. This abstract encapsulates the essence of a comprehensive review, exploring the nexus between Nissl granules, axonal regeneration, and their transformative applications in regenerative medicine. The molecular intricacies of Nissl granules form the foundation of this exploration, unraveling their dynamic role in orchestrating cellular responses, particularly in the context of axonal regeneration. As we delve into the interplay between Nissl granules and regenerative processes, this review highlights the diverse mechanisms through which these granules contribute to neuronal repair and recovery. Beyond their conventional association with neurobiology, recent advancements underscore the translational potential of Nissl granules as therapeutic agents. Insights into their involvement in enhancing axonal regeneration prompt a reconsideration of these granules as key players in the broader field of regenerative medicine. The abstract encapsulates evidence suggesting that modulating Nissl granule-related pathways holds promise for augmenting tissue regeneration, extending their applicability beyond the confines of the nervous system. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for medical professionals, researchers, and clinicians seeking to comprehend the multifaceted role of Nissl granules in regenerative therapeutics. By illuminating the intricate connections between Nissl granules, axonal regeneration, and therapeutic applications, this work aspires to catalyze further research and innovation, ultimately contributing to the evolution of regenerative strategies that harness the innate reparative capacities within cellular constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manya Bhati
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swedaj Thakre
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashish Anjankar
- Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Qin L, Zhang D, Liu S, Liu Q, Liu M, Huang B. Dissecting the molecular trajectory of fibroblast reprogramming to chemically induced mammary epithelial cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1194070. [PMID: 37601103 PMCID: PMC10433763 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1194070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The plasticity of cell identity allows cellular reprogramming that manipulates the lineage of cells to generate the target cell types, bringing new avenues for disease modeling and autologous tailored cell therapy. Previously, we had already successfully established a technical platform for inducing fibroblast reprogramming to chemically induced mammary epithelial cells (CiMECs) by small-molecule compounds. However, exactly how the molecular mechanism driving the lineage conversion remains unknown. Methods: We employ the RNA-sequencing technology to investigate the transcriptome event during the reprogramming process and reveal the molecular mechanisms for the fate acquisition of mammary lineage. Results: The multi-step reprogramming process first overcomes multiple barriers, including the inhibition of mesenchymal characteristics, pro-inflammatory and cell death signals, and then enters an intermediate plastic state. Subsequently, the hormone and mammary development genes were rapidly activated, leading to the acquisition of the mammary program together with upregulation of the milk protein synthesis signal. Moreover, the gene network analyses reveal the potential relationship between the TGF-β signaling pathway to mammary lineage activation, and the changes in the expression of these genes may play important roles in coordinating the reprogramming process. Conclusion: Together, these findings provide critical insights into the molecular route and mechanism triggered by small-molecule compounds that induce fibroblast reprogramming into the fate of mammary epithelial cells, and they also laid a foundation for the subsequent research on the development and differentiation of mammary epithelial cells and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshan Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Quanhui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mingxing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Ben Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, China
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Geevarghese R, Sajjadi SS, Hudecki A, Sajjadi S, Jalal NR, Madrakian T, Ahmadi M, Włodarczyk-Biegun MK, Ghavami S, Likus W, Siemianowicz K, Łos MJ. Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Biomaterials and Their Effect on Cell Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416185. [PMID: 36555829 PMCID: PMC9785373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials for tissue scaffolds are key components in modern tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Targeted reconstructive therapies require a proper choice of biomaterial and an adequate choice of cells to be seeded on it. The introduction of stem cells, and the transdifferentiation procedures, into regenerative medicine opened a new era and created new challenges for modern biomaterials. They must not only fulfill the mechanical functions of a scaffold for implanted cells and represent the expected mechanical strength of the artificial tissue, but furthermore, they should also assure their survival and, if possible, affect their desired way of differentiation. This paper aims to review how modern biomaterials, including synthetic (i.e., polylactic acid, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate, ceramics) and natural (i.e., silk fibroin, decellularized scaffolds), both non-biodegradable and biodegradable, could influence (tissue) stem cells fate, regulate and direct their differentiation into desired target somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rency Geevarghese
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyedeh Sara Sajjadi
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1971653313, Iran
| | - Andrzej Hudecki
- Łukasiewicz Network-Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, 44-121 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Samad Sajjadi
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1971653313, Iran
| | | | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6516738695, Iran
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Mazaher Ahmadi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6516738695, Iran
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Małgorzata K. Włodarczyk-Biegun
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Research Institutes of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Wirginia Likus
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Siemianowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (M.J.Ł.); Tel.: +48-32-237-2913 (M.J.Ł.)
| | - Marek J. Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (M.J.Ł.); Tel.: +48-32-237-2913 (M.J.Ł.)
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Basu A, Tiwari VK. Epigenetic reprogramming of cell identity: lessons from development for regenerative medicine. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:144. [PMID: 34301318 PMCID: PMC8305869 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are known to define cell-type identity and function. Hence, reprogramming of one cell type into another essentially requires a rewiring of the underlying epigenome. Cellular reprogramming can convert somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that can be directed to differentiate to specific cell types. Trans-differentiation or direct reprogramming, on the other hand, involves the direct conversion of one cell type into another. In this review, we highlight how gene regulatory mechanisms identified to be critical for developmental processes were successfully used for cellular reprogramming of various cell types. We also discuss how the therapeutic use of the reprogrammed cells is beginning to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine particularly in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissue and organs arising from pathological conditions or accidents. Lastly, we highlight some key challenges hindering the application of cellular reprogramming for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitava Basu
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Vijay K Tiwari
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Can Human Oral Mucosa Stem Cells Differentiate to Corneal Epithelia? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115976. [PMID: 34205905 PMCID: PMC8198937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human oral mucosa stem cells (hOMSCs) arise from the neural crest, they can self-renew, proliferate, and differentiate to several cell lines and could represent a good source for application in tissue engineering. Because of their anatomical location, hOMSCs are easy to isolate, have multilineage differentiation capacity and express embryonic stem cells markers such as—Sox2, Oct3/4 and Nanog. We have used SHEM (supplemented hormonal epithelial medium) media and cultured hOMSCs over human amniotic membrane and determined the cell’s capacity to differentiate to an epithelial-like phenotype and to express corneal specific epithelial markers—CK3, CK12, CK19, Pan-cadherin and E-cadherin. Our results showed that hOMSCs possess the capacity to attach to the amniotic membrane and express CK3, CK19, Pan-Cadherin and E-Cadherin without induction with SHEM media and expressed CK12 or changed the expression pattern of E-Cadherin to a punctual-like feature when treated with SHEM media. The results observed in this study show that hOMSCs possess the potential to differentiate toward epithelial cells. In conclusion, our results revealed that hOMSCs readily express markers for corneal determination and could provide the ophthalmology field with a therapeutic alternative for tissue engineering to achieve corneal replacement when compared with other techniques. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to develop a predictable therapeutic alternative for cornea replacement.
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MSC Based Therapies to Prevent or Treat BPD-A Narrative Review on Advances and Ongoing Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031138. [PMID: 33498887 PMCID: PMC7865378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains one of the most devastating consequences of preterm birth resulting in life-long restrictions in lung function. Distorted lung development is caused by its inflammatory response which is mainly provoked by mechanical ventilation, oxygen toxicity and bacterial infections. Dysfunction of resident lung mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represents one key hallmark that drives BPD pathology. Despite all progress in the understanding of pathomechanisms, therapeutics to prevent or treat BPD are to date restricted to a few drugs. The limited therapeutic efficacy of established drugs can be explained by the fact that they fail to concurrently tackle the broad spectrum of disease driving mechanisms and by the huge overlap between distorted signal pathways of lung development and inflammation. The great enthusiasm about MSC based therapies as novel therapeutic for BPD arises from the capacity to inhibit inflammation while simultaneously promoting lung development and repair. Preclinical studies, mainly performed in rodents, raise hopes that there will be finally a broadly acting, efficient therapy at hand to prevent or treat BPD. Our narrative review gives a comprehensive overview on preclinical achievements, results from first early phase clinical studies and challenges to a successful translation into the clinical setting.
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Attico E, Galaverni G, Pellegrini G. Clinical Studies of COMET for Total LSCD: a Review of the Methods and Molecular Markers for Follow-Up Characterizations. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-020-00263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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