|
1
|
Fogante M, Volpato G, Esposto Pirani P, Cela F, Compagnucci P, Valeri Y, Selimi A, Alfieri M, Brugiatelli L, Belleggia S, Coraducci F, Argalia G, Casella M, Dello Russo A, Schicchi N. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: Are They Truly Still "Enemies"? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:522. [PMID: 38674168 PMCID: PMC11051994 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The application of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in clinical practice has grown due to technological advancements and expanded clinical indications, highlighting its superior capabilities when compared to echocardiography for the assessment of myocardial tissue. Similarly, the utilization of implantable cardiac electronic devices (CIEDs) has significantly increased in cardiac arrhythmia management, and the requirements of CMR examinations in patients with CIEDs has become more common. However, this type of exam often presents challenges due to safety concerns and image artifacts. Until a few years ago, the presence of CIED was considered an absolute contraindication to CMR. To address these challenges, various technical improvements in CIED technology, like the reduction of the ferromagnetic components, and in CMR examinations, such as the introduction of new sequences, have been developed. Moreover, a rigorous protocol involving multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended for safe CMR examinations in patients with CIEDs, emphasizing risk assessment, careful monitoring during CMR, and post-scan device evaluation. Alternative methods to CMR, such as computed tomography coronary angiography with tissue characterization techniques like dual-energy and photon-counting, offer alternative potential solutions, although their diagnostic accuracy and availability do limit their use. Despite technological advancements, close collaboration and specialized staff training remain crucial for obtaining safe diagnostic CMR images in patients with CIEDs, thus justifying the presence of specialized centers that are equipped to handle these type of exams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fogante
- Maternal-Child, Senological, Cardiological Radiology and Outpatient Ultrasound, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (P.E.P.); (F.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Giovanni Volpato
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Paolo Esposto Pirani
- Maternal-Child, Senological, Cardiological Radiology and Outpatient Ultrasound, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (P.E.P.); (F.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Fatjon Cela
- Maternal-Child, Senological, Cardiological Radiology and Outpatient Ultrasound, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (P.E.P.); (F.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Paolo Compagnucci
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Yari Valeri
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Adelina Selimi
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Michele Alfieri
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Leonardo Brugiatelli
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Sara Belleggia
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Francesca Coraducci
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Giulio Argalia
- Maternal-Child, Senological, Cardiological Radiology and Outpatient Ultrasound, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (P.E.P.); (F.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Michela Casella
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Dello Russo
- Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.V.); (P.C.); (Y.V.); (A.S.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (S.B.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (A.D.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicolò Schicchi
- Cardiovascular Radiological Diagnostics, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|