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Khoram MM, Nematollahi D, Khazalpour S, Zarei M, Zolfigol MA. Electrocatalytic generation of hydrogen peroxide using carbon electrode modified with 5H-dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-5,7,12,14(13H)-tetraone derivative. A green and efficient method. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Electrografted anthraquinone to monitor pH at the biofilm-anode interface in a wastewater microbial fuel cell. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112274. [PMID: 34894599 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrografted anthraquinone on graphite was used as a probe to monitor the pH change at the biofilm-electrode interface at the anode of a microbial fuel cell inoculated with wastewater. The grafting procedure was optimized so that the pH-dependent electrochemical response of the grafted quinone did not overlay with that of the electroactive biofilm. The variation of the formal potential of the grafted quinone as a function of pH was linear over the pH range 1-10 with a slope of - 64 mV. This allowed to monitor the interfacial pH change over three weeks of biofilm colonization of the electrode. During that time the interfacial pH decreased from neutrality to 5.3 while the anolyte only acidified down to pH 6.2. This finding is relevant as local pH change usually leads to alterations of the bioenergetics process of microbial communities and hence on the performance of bioelectrochemical devices.
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Matsutori K, Olu P, Matsuoka M, Nakazawa T, Kinumoto T. Carbon black functionalized by grafting of Azo‐generated‐radicals as electrocatalyst support for the oxygen reduction reaction. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsutori
- Graduate School of Engineering Oita University Oita Japan
| | - Pierre‐Yves Olu
- Department of Integrate Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University Oita Japan
| | - Miki Matsuoka
- Department of Integrate Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University Oita Japan
| | - Taichi Nakazawa
- Materials Research Laboratories Nissan Chemical Corporation Funabashi Japan
| | - Taro Kinumoto
- Department of Integrate Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University Oita Japan
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Szwabińska K, Lota G. Mixed Diffusion‐Kinetic Control of H
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Oxidation at an Oxide‐Covered Platinum Electrode in Alkaline Electrolyte: Implications for Oxygen Electroreduction Studies with a Rotating Ring Disk Electrode. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szwabińska
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry Poznan University of Technology Berdychowo 4 60-965 Poznan Poland
| | - Grzegorz Lota
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry Poznan University of Technology Berdychowo 4 60-965 Poznan Poland
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Voltammetric monitoring of a solid-liquid phase transition in N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-2,6-diamino-9,10-anthraquinone (TODAQ). J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExploratory experiments on effects from a phase transition are reported for a low-melting microcrystalline anthraquinone (N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl-2,6-diamino-9,10-anthraquinone or TODAQ). Data for the solid-liquid phase transition are obtained by differential scanning calorimetry and then compared to data obtained by voltammetry. In preliminary electrochemical measurements, microcrystal deposits on a basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode are shown to undergo a solid-state 2-electron 2-proton reduction in contact to aqueous 0.1 M HClO4 with a midpoint potential Emid,solid = − 0.24 V vs. SCE. The reduction mechanism is proposed to be limited mainly by the triple phase boundary line and some transport of TODAQ molecules towards the electrode surface for both solid and melt. A change in the apparent activation energy for this reduction is observed at 69 °C, leading to an enhanced increase in reduction current with midpoint potential Emid,liquid = − 0.36 V vs. SCE. A change of TODAQ transport along the crystal surface for solid microcrystalline material (for the solid) to diffusion within molten microdroplets (for the liquid) is proposed. Upon cooling, a transition at 60 °C back to a higher apparent activation energy is seen consistent with re-solidification of the molten phase at the electrode surface. Differential scanning calorimetry data for solid TODAQ dry and for TODAQ in contact to aqueous 0.1 M HClO4 confirm these transitions.
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Jacques A, Saad A, Chehimi MM, Poleunis C, Delcorte A, Delhalle J, Mekhalif Z. Nitinol Modified by In Situ Generated Diazonium Salts as Adhesion Promoters for Photopolymerized Pyrrole. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amory Jacques
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES)University of Namur rue de Bruxelles, 61 B-5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Ali Saad
- Laboratory of MaterialsMolecules and Applications, IPESTUniversity of Carthage Sidi Bou Said road, B.P. 51 2070 La Marsa Tunisia
| | | | - Claude Poleunis
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Croix du Sud 1 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Arnaud Delcorte
- Université Catholique de LouvainInstitute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Croix du Sud 1 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Joseph Delhalle
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES)University of Namur rue de Bruxelles, 61 B-5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Zineb Mekhalif
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Surfaces (CES)University of Namur rue de Bruxelles, 61 B-5000 Namur Belgium
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Via GG, Shugart CL, Melnyk SL, Hupman SR, Cline KK. One-step Solvent-free Synthesis and Grafting of Diazonium Ions at Glassy Carbon Electrodes. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrhett G. Via
- Department of Chemistry; Wittenberg University; Springfield OH 45501 USA
| | - Chelsea L. Shugart
- Department of Chemistry; Wittenberg University; Springfield OH 45501 USA
| | - Sophia L. Melnyk
- Department of Chemistry; Wittenberg University; Springfield OH 45501 USA
| | | | - Kristin K. Cline
- Department of Chemistry; Wittenberg University; Springfield OH 45501 USA
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Brousse K, Martin C, Brisse A, Lethien C, Simon P, Taberna P, Brousse T. Anthraquinone modification of microporous carbide derived carbon films for on-chip micro-supercapacitors applications. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Koçak I. Characterization of the Reduction of Oxygen at Anthraquinone-Modified Glassy Carbon and Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite Electrodes. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1236126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Koçak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Abstract
Superoxide ion (O2(•-)) is of great significance as a radical species implicated in diverse chemical and biological systems. However, the chemistry knowledge of O2(•-) is rather scarce. In addition, numerous studies on O2(•-) were conducted within the latter half of the 20th century. Therefore, the current advancement in technology and instrumentation will certainly provide better insights into mechanisms and products of O2(•-) reactions and thus will result in new findings. This review emphasizes the state-of-the-art research on O2(•-) so as to enable researchers to venture into future research. It comprises the main characteristics of O2(•-) followed by generation methods. The reaction types of O2(•-) are reviewed, and its potential applications including the destruction of hazardous chemicals, synthesis of organic compounds, and many other applications are highlighted. The O2(•-) environmental chemistry is also discussed. The detection methods of O2(•-) are categorized and elaborated. Special attention is given to the feasibility of using ionic liquids as media for O2(•-), addressing the latest progress of generation and applications. The effect of electrodes on the O2(•-) electrochemical generation is reviewed. Finally, some remarks and future perspectives are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Inas M AlNashef
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology , Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Dongmo S, Witt J, Wittstock G. Electropolymerization of quinone-polymers onto grafted quinone monolayers: a route towards non-passivating, catalytically active film. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Kibena E, Marandi M, Sammelselg V, Tammeveski K, Jensen BBE, Mortensen AB, Lillethorup M, Kongsfelt M, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Electrochemical Behaviour of HOPG and CVD-Grown Graphene Electrodes Modified with Thick Anthraquinone Films by Diazonium Reduction. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Le Comte A, Brousse T, Bélanger D. Simpler and greener grafting method for improving the stability of anthraquinone-modified carbon electrode in alkaline media. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.05.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on glassy carbon electrodes modified with anthraquinone moieties. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Hasnat MA, Gross AJ, Dale SEC, Barnes EO, Compton RG, Marken F. A dual-plate ITO–ITO generator–collector microtrench sensor: surface activation, spatial separation and suppression of irreversible oxygen and ascorbate interference. Analyst 2014; 139:569-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01826a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Jacques A, Devillers S, Delhalle J, Mekhalif Z. Electrografting of in situ generated pyrrole derivative diazonium salt for the surface modification of nickel. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Kocak I, Ghanem MA, Al-Mayouf A, Alhoshan M, Bartlett PN. A study of the modification of glassy carbon and edge and basal plane highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrodes modified with anthraquinone using diazonium coupling and solid phase synthesis and their use for oxygen reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mooste M, Kibena E, Sarapuu A, Matisen L, Tammeveski K. Oxygen reduction on thick anthraquinone films electrografted to glassy carbon. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Electrochemical Reduction of Oxygen on Anthraquinone/Carbon Nanotubes Nanohybrid Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode in Neutral Medium. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/756307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical behaviors of monohydroxy-anthraquinone/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MHAQ/MWCNTs) nanohybrid modified glassy carbon (MHAQ/MWCNTs/GC) electrodes in neutral medium were investigated; also reported was their application in the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The resulting MHAQ/MWCNTs nanohybrid was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was found that the ORR at the MHAQ/MWCNTs/GC electrode occurs irreversibly at a potential about 214 mV less negative than at a bare GC electrode in pH 7.0 buffer solution. Cyclic voltammetric and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques indicated that the MHAQ/MWCNTs nanohybrid has high electrocatalytic activity for the two-electron reduction of oxygen in the studied potential range. The kinetic parameters of ORR at the MHAQ/MWCNTs nanohybrid modified GC electrode were also determined by RDE and EIS techniques.
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Electrochemical study of anthraquinone groups, grafted by the diazonium chemistry, in different aqueous media-relevance for the development of aqueous hybrid electrochemical capacitor. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.05.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Kibena E, Mäeorg U, Matisen L, Sulamägi P, Tammeveski K. A study of glassy carbon electrodes modified with azobenzene derivatives. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Zhou Y, Zhang G, Chen J, Yuan G, Xu L, Liu L, Yang F. A facile two-step electroreductive synthesis of anthraquinone/graphene nanocomposites as efficient electrocatalyst for O2 reduction in neutral medium. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Chernyy S, Bousquet A, Torbensen K, Iruthayaraj J, Ceccato M, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Elucidation of the mechanism of redox grafting of diazotated anthraquinone. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:9573-9582. [PMID: 22686253 DOI: 10.1021/la301391s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Redox grafting of aryldiazonium salts containing redox units may be used to form exceptionally thick covalently attached conducting films, even in the micrometers range, in a controlled manner on glassy carbon and gold substrates. With the objective to investigate the mechanism of this process in detail, 1-anthraquinone (AQ) redox units were immobilized on these substrates by electroreduction of 9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1-diazonium tetrafluoroborate. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance was employed to follow the grafting process during a cyclic voltammetric sweep by recording the frequency change. The redox grafting is shown to have two mass gain regions/phases: an irreversible one due to the addition of AQ units to the substrate/film and a reversible one due to the association of cations from the supporting electrolyte with the AQ radical anions formed during the sweeping process. Scanning electrochemical microscopy was used to study the relationship between the conductivity of the film and the charging level of the AQ redox units in the grafted film. For that purpose, approach curves were recorded at a platinum ultramicroelectrode for AQ-containing films on gold and glassy carbon surfaces using the ferro/ferricyanide redox system as redox probe. It is concluded that the film growth has its origin in electron transfer processes occurring through the layer mediated by the redox moieties embedded in the organic film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Chernyy
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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Chen L, Kong X, Yan D, Wei M, Duan X. Fabrication of Acid Violet 34/Nickel Hydroxide Ultrathin Film and Its Electrocatalytic Performance for Glucose. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Chemically modified glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical sensing paracetamol in acidic solution. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Toniolo R, Dossi N, Pizzariello A, Doherty AP, Susmel S, Bontempelli G. An oxygen amperometric gas sensor based on its electrocatalytic reduction in room temperature ionic liquids. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bousquet A, Ceccato M, Hinge M, Pedersen SU, Daasbjerg K. Redox grafting of diazotated anthraquinone as a means of forming thick conducting organic films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1267-1275. [PMID: 22175534 DOI: 10.1021/la203657n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Thick conductive layers containing anthraquinone moieties are covalently immobilized on gold using redox grafting of the diazonium salt of anthraquinone (i.e., 9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1-diazonium tetrafluoroborate). This grafting procedure is based on using consecutive voltammetric sweeping and through this exploiting fast electron transfer reactions that are mediated by the anthraquinone redox moieties in the film. The fast film growth, which is followed by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry, and coverage calculation, results in a mushroom-like structure. In addition to varying the number of sweeps, layer thickness control can easily be exerted through appropriate choice of the switching potential and sweep rate. It is shown that the grafting of the diazonium salt is essentially a diffusion-controlled process but also that desorption of physisorbed material during the sweeping process is essentially for avoiding blocking of the film due to clogging of the electrolyte channels in the film. In general, sweep rates higher than 0.5 V s(-1) are required if thick, porous, and conducting films should be formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bousquet
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Versatile charge transfer through anthraquinone films for electrochemical sensing applications. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.07.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Doménech A, Montoya N, Alarcón J. Electrochemical characterization of praseodymia doped zircon. Catalytic effect on the electrochemical reduction of molecular oxygen in polar organic solvents. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Valarselvan S, Manisankar P. Electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen at glassy carbon electrode modified by polypyrrole/anthraquinones composite film in various pH media. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Ke K, Hatanaka T, Morimoto Y. Reconsideration of the quantitative characterization of the reaction intermediate on electrocatalysts by a rotating ring-disk electrode: The intrinsic yield of H2O2 on Pt/C. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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33
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Zhang G, Yang F. Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of anthraquinone-monosulfonate/polyaniline hybrid film synthesized by a novel electrochemical doping-dedoping-redoping method on pre-activated spectroscopically pure graphite surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:3291-302. [PMID: 21212886 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00608d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyaniline (PANI) film in the form of emeraldine salt (ES) doped with anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) was synthesized by a novel electrochemical doping-dedoping-redoping method on pre-activated spectroscopically pure graphite electrode surface. SEM showed the highly porous microstructure with sponge-like morphology of the AQS/PANI hybrid film, which has more available active sites for facilitating electron transfer and energy efficiency of redox reactions. FTIR and UV-vis spectra demonstrated the incorporation of AQS into the conductive PANI matrix. Cyclic voltammetric (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscope (EIS), rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) and chronoamperometry (CA) techniques indicated that the AQS/PANI composite has high electrocatalytic activity and remarkable stability for the two-electron reduction of oxygen via an electrochemical-chemical mechanism at the base of the porous PANI film. The acid centers of PANI (protonated imine group) played an important role not only in two internal redox transform processes, but also in an external charge transfer reaction during the electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen. The incorporation of anionic AQS groups into PANI matrix to prepare electroactive PANI using the electrochemical doping-dedoping-redoping method is conceptually new, and may be extended to the development of new functional materials from many other conducting polymers and quinonoid compounds for wide applications in catalysis, sensors, molecular electronics, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
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Kullapere M, Mirkhalaf F, Tammeveski K. Electrochemical behaviour of glassy carbon electrodes modified with aryl groups. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Alexeyeva N, Shulga E, Kisand V, Kink I, Tammeveski K. Electroreduction of oxygen on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrodes in acid and alkaline solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2010.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Zhao S, Zhang G, Fu L, Liu L, Fang X, Yang F. Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance of Anthraquinonemonosulfonate-Doped Polypyrrole Composite: Electroanalysis for the Specific Roles of Anthraquinone Derivative and Polypyrrole Layer on Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Laws DR, Sheats J, Rheingold AL, Geiger WE. Organometallic electrodes: modification of electrode surfaces through cathodic reduction of cyclopentadienyldiazonium complexes of cobalt and manganese. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15010-21. [PMID: 20726537 DOI: 10.1021/la102579t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two organometallic complexes having cyclopentadienyldiazonium ligands have been isolated and characterized by spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and electrochemistry. Both CoCp(η(5)-C(5)H(4)N(2))(2+) (2(2+)) and Mn(CO)(3)(η(5)-C(5)H(4)N(2))(+) (3(+)) undergo facile cyclopentadienyldiazonium ligand-based one-electron reductions which liberate dinitrogen and result in strong binding of the cyclopentadienyl ligand to a glassy carbon surface, similar to the processes well established for organic aryldiazonium salts. The organometallic-modified electrodes are robust and have a thickness of approximately one monolayer (Γ = (2-4) × 10(-10) mol cm(-2)). Their voltammetric responses are as expected for a cobaltocenium-modified electrode, [CoCp(η(5)-C(5)H(4)-E)](+), where Cp = cyclopentadienyl and E = electrode, and a "cymantrene"-modified electrode Mn(CO)(3)(η(5)-C(5)H(4)-E). The cobaltocenium electrode has two cathodic surface waves. The first (E(1/2) = -1.34 V vs ferrocene) is highly reversible, whereas the second (E(pc) = -2.4 V) is not, consistent with the known behavior of cobaltocenium. The cymantrene-substituted electrode has a partially chemically reversible anodic wave at E(1/2) = 0.96 V, also consistent with the behavior of its Mn(CO)(3)Cp parent. Many of the properties of aryl-modified electrodes, such as "blockage" of the voltammetric responses of test analytes, are also seen for the organometallic-modified electrodes. Surface-based substitution of a carbonyl group by a phosphite ligand, P(OR)(3), R = Ph or Me, was observed when the cymantrene-modified electrode was anodically oxidized in the presence of a phosphite ligand. The successful grafting of organometallic moieties by direct bonding of a cyclopentadienyl ligand to electrode surfaces expands the chemical and electrochemical dimensions of diazonium-based modified electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek R Laws
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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Electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction by quinones adsorbed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang R, Ma J, Wang W, Wang B, Li R. Zeolite-encapsulated M(Co,Fe,Mn)(SALEN) complexes modified glassy carbon electrodes and their application in oxygen reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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March G, Reisberg S, Piro B, Pham MC, Fave C, Noel V. Hydroxynaphthoquinone Ultrathin Films Obtained by Diazonium Electroreduction: Toward Design of Biosensitive Electroactive Interfaces. Anal Chem 2010; 82:3523-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100599e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory March
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Steeve Reisberg
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Benoit Piro
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Minh-Chau Pham
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Claire Fave
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Vincent Noel
- Laboratoire ITODYS (Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes), UMR 7086, Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Bâtiment Lavoisier, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
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Reilson R, Kullapere M, Tammeveski K. Blocking Behavior of Covalently Attached Anthraquinone Towards Solution-Based Redox Probes. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Henstridge MC, Wildgoose GG, Compton RG. Generator-collector experiments at a single electrode: exploring the general applicability of this approach by comparing the performance of surface immobilized versus solution phase sensing molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:1340-1346. [PMID: 19746936 DOI: 10.1021/la902418v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate proof-of-concept that generator-collector experiments can be performed at a single macroelectrode and used to determine mechanistic information. The practical advantages of such a system over conventional generator-collector techniques are also outlined. The single-electrode generator-collector technique is applied to study the known mechanism of oxygen reduction in aqueous conditions as a model system. We seek to demonstrate that the single-electrode generator-collector approach is capable of detecting local pH changes, immediately adjacent to the electrode surface during a redox reaction. Experiments are performed using a molecular pH probe attached to the electrode surface. Comparison of experimental data with numerical simulations verifies that the reduction of oxygen at pH 6.8 proceeds via a two-electron, two-proton mechanism. Experiments were also performed with a molecular pH probe dissolved in the electrolyte solution in order to explore the feasibility of this approach, which is potentially applicable to a much wider range of electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Henstridge
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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Kruusenberg I, Leis J, Arulepp M, Tammeveski K. Oxygen reduction on carbon nanomaterial-modified glassy carbon electrodes in alkaline solution. J Solid State Electrochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-009-0930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cline KK, Baxter L, Lockwood D, Saylor R, Stalzer A. Nonaqueous synthesis and reduction of diazonium ions (without isolation) to modify glassy carbon electrodes using mild electrografting conditions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kullapere M, Marandi M, Sammelselg V, Menezes HA, Maia G, Tammeveski K. Surface modification of gold electrodes with anthraquinone diazonium cations. Electrochem commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hydrodynamic Deposition of Carbon Nanotubes onto HOPG: The Reduction of Oxygen on CNT/HOPG Electrodes in Alkaline Solution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3202406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mirkhalaf F, Tammeveski K, Schiffrin DJ. Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on nanoparticulate gold electrodeposited on a molecular template. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:3463-71. [DOI: 10.1039/b818439a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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