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He Y, Gao T, Gong A, Wang G, Si W, Liang P. Enhanced phosphate recovery in R-MCDI systems: Synergistic effects of modified electrodes and membrane-electrode-current collector assembly. WATER RESEARCH 2025; 278:123392. [PMID: 40037095 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2025.123392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2025] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
Efficient phosphorus (P) recovery is critical for sustainable wastewater management and resource reuse. This study optimized a reservoir of membrane capacitive deionization (R-MCDI) system by integrating acid-modified activated carbon cloth (ACC) electrodes and a membrane-electrode-current collector assembly (MECA) configuration. Acid modification enhanced the electrode's specific surface area, microporosity, and carboxyl group content, while reducing charge transfer resistance, significantly improving P recovery and selectivity. The ACC-42 electrode achieved optimal performance, achieving a 52% P recovery efficiency and low energy consumption of 8.8 kWh/kg P. The MECA configuration further amplified P recovery by optimizing electric field distribution and maximizing electrode utilization, achieving a fourfold higher recovery rate (0.081 μmol·cm-2·min-1) while reducing energy consumption by 59% compared to alternative setups. Multi-cycle operations validated the system's robustness, with P concentrations reaching 397 mg/L in the electrode chamber and a nearly 15-fold increase in selectivity for P over sulfate. This study highlights the synergistic effects of electrode modification and assembly configuration in enhancing R-MCDI performance, providing a scalable and energy-efficient solution for nutrient recovery in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland Intelligent Monitoring and Ecological Restoration, School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tie Gao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ao Gong
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Guangteng Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Wanpeng Si
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Peng Liang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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Tu YH, Huang HY, Yang YH, Lai CY, Tai CW, Hu CC. Comprehensive Study on the Ion-Selective Behavior of MnO x for Electrochemical Deionization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46812-46828. [PMID: 37773582 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Manganese oxide is an effective active material in several electrochemical systems, including batteries, supercapacitors, and electrochemical deionization (ECDI). This work conducts a comprehensive study on the ion-selective behavior of MnOx to fulfill the emptiness in the energy and environmental science field. Furthermore, it broadens the promising application of MnOx in the ion-selective ECDI system. We propose a time-dependent multimechanism ion-selective behavior with the following guidelines by utilizing a microfluidic cell and the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) analysis. (1) Hydrated radius is the most critical factor for ions with the same valence, and MnOx tends to capture cations with a small hydrated radius. (2) The importance of charge density rises when comparing cations with different valences, and MnOx prefers to capture divalent cations with a strong electrostatic attraction at prolonged times. Under this circumstance, ion swapping may occur where divalent cations replace monovalent cations. (3) NH4+ triggers MnOx dissolution, leading to performance and stability decay. The EQCM evidence has directly verified the proposed mechanisms, and these data provide a novel but simple method to judge ion selectivity preference. The overall ion selectivity sequence is Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > NH4+> Na+ > Li+ with the highest selectivity values of βCa//Li and βCa//Na around 3 at the deionization time = 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Tu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Huang
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yang
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lai
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Tai
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Hu
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Advanced Materials Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University Hsin-Chu 30013, Taiwan
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Zhang B, Li J, Hu B, Wang Y, Shang X, Nie P, Yang J, Liu J. Flexible δ-MnO2 nanosheet-infixed porous carbon nanofibers for capacitive deionization. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Hu X, Min X, Li X, Si M, Liu L, Zheng J, Yang W, Zhao F. Co-Co 3O 4 encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for capacitive desalination: Effects of nano-confinement and cobalt speciation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 616:389-400. [PMID: 35228044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.02.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) has gained increasing attention as an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient technology for brackish water desalination. However, traditional CDI electrodes still suffer from low salt adsorption capacity and unsatisfactory reusability, which inhibit its application for long-term operations. Herein, we present a facile and effective approach to prepare Co and Co3O4 nanoparticles co-incorporating nitrogen-doped (N-doped) carbon nanotubes (Co-Co3O4/N-CNTs) via a pyrolysis route. The Co-Co3O4 nanoparticles were homogeneously in-situ encapsulated in the inner channels of the conductive CNTs to form a novel and efficient CDI electrode for the first time. The encapsulation of Co-Co3O4 nanoparticles in CNTs not only inhibits the Co leaching but also significantly enhances the desalination capacity. The morphology, structure, and capacitive desalination properties of the Co-Co3O4/N-CNTs were thoroughly characterized to illuminate the nano-confinement effects and the key roles of the interaction between cobalt species in the CDI performance. The co-existing metallic cobalt and cobalt oxides act as the roles of effective active sites in the CDI performance. As a consequence, the optimum Co-Co3O4/N-CNTs electrode displays an outstanding desalination capacity of 66.91 mg NaCl g-1 at 1.4 V. This work provides insights for understanding the nano-confinement effects and the key roles of the interaction between cobalt species on the CDI performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Hu
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xiaobo Min
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Mengying Si
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Junhao Zheng
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Weichun Yang
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
| | - Feiping Zhao
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Institute of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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Wadi VS, Ibrahim Y, Arangadi AF, Kilybay A, Mavukkandy MO, Alhseinat E, Hasan SW. Three‐dimensional graphene/MWCNT-MnO2 nanocomposites for high‐performance capacitive deionization (CDI) application. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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6
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Multifunctional high entropy oxides incorporated functionalized biowaste derived activated carbon for electrochemical energy storage and desalination. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yang C, Li Y, Zhang B, Lian Y, Ma Y, Zhao X, Zeng X, Li J, Deng Z, Ye J, Wu W, Peng Y. Nitrogen-doped carbon fibers embedding CoO x nanoframes towards wearable energy storage. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:8922-8933. [PMID: 32267278 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00582g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As continuous consumption of the world's lithium reserves is causing concern, alternative energy storage solutions based on earth-abundant elements, such as sodium-ion batteries and zinc-air batteries, have been attracting increasing attention. Herein, nanoframes of CoOx are encapsulated into carbonized microporous fibers by electrospinning zeolitic imidazolate frameworks to impart both a sodium-hosting capability and catalytic activities for reversible oxygen conversion. The ultrahigh rate performance of sodium-ion batteries up to 20 A g-1 and ultrastable cycling over 6000 cycles are attributed to a dual-buffering effect from the framework structure of CoOx and the confinement of carbon fibers that effectively accommodates cyclic volume fluctuation. Both in situ Raman and ex situ microscopic analyses unveil the reversible conversion of CoOx during the sodiation/desodiation process. The excellent ORR activity, superior to that of commercial Pt/C, is mainly ascribed to the abundant Co-N-C species and the full exposure of active sites on the microporous framework structure. Flexible and rechargeable sodium-ion full batteries and zinc-air batteries are further demonstrated with great energy efficiency and cycling stability, as well as mechanical deformability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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Zang X, Xue Y, Ni W, Li C, Hu L, Zhang A, Yang Z, Yan YM. Enhanced Electrosorption Ability of Carbon Nanocages as an Advanced Electrode Material for Capacitive Deionization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2180-2190. [PMID: 31868351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The structure of an electrode material has an important impact on the performance of a capacitive deionization (CDI) device. However, it is still a challenge to design and synthesize electrode materials with a rational structure based on deep understanding of their structure-dependent CDI performance. Herein, we report the preparation of carbon nanocages (CNCs) with regulated shell thickness and a rich pore structure as an advanced material for high-performance CDI electrodes. The as-prepared CNC has a considerable specific capacitance of 149 F g-1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s-1. When used as CDI electrodes, the CNC shows an outstanding electrosorption ability of 17.5 mg g-1 at 1.4 V at an initial concentration of 250 mg L-1 NaCl solution. Furthermore, the CNC electrode displays high salt adsorption rate and good cyclic stability. Finite element simulations reveal that the superior structure of the CNC substantially promotes the ion transfer rate by shortening ion diffusion paths in the cavity of the electrode material. Also, both inner and outer walls of the CNC provide sufficient active sites for fast adsorption and desorption of salty ions. This work not only demonstrates that the CNC is a potential electrode material for CDI applications but also paves a way to design and prepare high-performance electrode materials based on a new perspective on their structure-performance relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Zang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Xue
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , People's Republic of China
| | - Congxin Li
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyuan Hu
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ming Yan
- State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , People's Republic of China
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Energy storage and generation through desalination using flow-electrodes capacitive deionization. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Continuous Lithium Extraction from Aqueous Solution Using Flow-Electrode Capacitive Deionization. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12152913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flow-electrode-based capacitive deionization (FCDI) is a desalination process that uses electrostatic adsorption and desorption of ions onto electrode materials. It provides a continuous desalination flow with high salt removal performance and low energy consumption. Since lithium has been regarded as an essential element for the last few decades, the efficient production of lithium from the natural environment has been intensively investigated. In this study, we have extracted lithium ions from aqueous solution by using FCDI desalination. We confirmed that lithium and chloride ions could be continuously collected and that the salt removal rate depends on various parameters, including feed-flow rate and a feed saline concentration. We found that the salt removal rate increases as the feed-flow rate decreases and the feed salt concentration increases. Furthermore, the salt removal rate depends on the circulation mode of the feed solution (continuous feed stream vs. batch feed stream), which allows control of the desalination performance (higher capacity vs. higher efficiency) depending on the purpose of the application. The salt removal rate was highest, at 215.06 μmol/m−2s−1, at the feed rate of 3 mL/min and the feed concentration of 100 mg/L. We believe that such efficient and continuous extraction of lithium chloride using FCDI desalination can open a new door for the current lithium-production industry, which typically uses natural water evaporation.
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