Whole-polymers electrode membrane based on the interfacial polymerization and intermacromolecular force between polyaniline and polyethersulfone for flexible supercapacitors

Eco-Friendly Electrosynthesis of Cu-PANI-Pencil Composite: Enhanced Their Current Value, Acid Sensing, Click Chemistry and Turn On-Off Sunlight Photo-Catalytical H2O2 Activation

In this contribution, we report a straightforwardly and easily one-step synthesis of a small family of composites based in polyaniline grafted on HB2 graphite (PANI@UG) and their copper-doped derivatives (Cu50PANI@UG5-6). The PANI@UG composites were synthesized through electrochemical polymerization using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in three different acidic media: i) acetic acid (AcOH) at high and low concentration (12 and 1 M, using KCl as electrolytic support); ii) a mixture of AcOH and sulfuric acid (H2SO4, which have two roles: as electrolytic support and proton source) and iii) a mixture of acetonitrile (NCCH3) and H2SO4, under atmospheric conditions. Once the best conditions were achieved, our next step was focused on obtaining the Cu50PANI@UG5-6 composites using a solution of aniline and CuSO4 (50 mM) in AcOH:H2SO4 and NCCH3:H2SO4 solutions, respectively. All composites were characterized by CV, FT-IR, SEM and MALDI-TOF experiments. So, the current value was enhanced for the Cu50PANI@UG6 composite, which have three potential catalytical applications in: i) HClO4 acid sensing, ii) click chemistry and iii) sunlight drive photo-activation of H2O2.

Dual High-Conductivity Networks via Importing a Polymeric Gel Electrolyte into the Electrode Bulk

To obtain high-ionic-conductivity and high-electron-conductivity electrode materials, we design novel dual high-conductivity networks through importing a polymeric gel electrolyte into the electrode bulk by doping gold nanoparticles, which endows the membrane electrode with not only a high electron conductivity of 1.66 s·cm^-1 but also a high ionic conductivity of 2.7 × 10^-2 s·cm^-1, as well as a good surface area capacitance of 1098 mF·cm^-2 at 0.5 mA·cm^-2. The membrane electrode shows great mechanical strength, high flexibility, and tremendous stability, and the design concept based on dual conductive networks could be also applied to other electrode systems and other energy storage fields.