1
|
Park GT, Park NY, Ryu HH, Sun HH, Hwang JY, Sun YK. Nano-rods in Ni-rich layered cathodes for practical batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:11462-11518. [PMID: 39380343 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01110k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Lithium transition metal oxide layers, Li[Ni1-x-yCox(Mn and/or Al)y]O2, are widely used and mass-produced for current rechargeable battery cathodes. Development of cathode materials has focused on increasing the Ni content by simply controlling the chemical composition, but as the Ni content has almost reached its limit, a new breakthrough is required. In this regard, microstructural modification is rapidly emerging as a prospective approach, namely in the production of nano-rod layered cathode materials. A comprehensive review of the physicochemical properties and electrochemical performances of cathodes bearing the nano-rod microstructure is provided herein. A detailed discussion is regarding the structural stability of the cathode, which should be maximized to suppress microcrack formation, the main cause of capacity fading in Ni-rich cathode materials. In addition, the morphological features required to achieve optimal performance are examined. Following a discussion of the initial nano-rod cathodes, which were based on compositional concentration gradients, the preparation of nano-rod cathodes without the inclusion of a concentration gradient is reviewed, highlighting the importance of the precursor. Subsequently, the challenges and advances associated with the nano-rod structure are discussed, including considerations for synthesizing nano-rod cathodes and surface shielding of the nano-rod structure. It goes on to cover nano-rod cathode materials for next-generation batteries (e.g., all-solid-state, lithium-metal, and sodium-ion batteries), inspiring the battery community and other materials scientists looking for clues to the solution of the challenges that they encounter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geon-Tae Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Nam-Yung Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Hoon-Hee Ryu
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - H Hohyun Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - Jang-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
- Department of Battery Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Yang-Kook Sun
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
- Department of Battery Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Geldasa FT, Kebede MA, Shura MW, Hone FG. Identifying surface degradation, mechanical failure, and thermal instability phenomena of high energy density Ni-rich NCM cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries: a review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5891-5909. [PMID: 35424548 PMCID: PMC8982025 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the existing commercial cathodes, Ni-rich NCM are the most promising candidates for next-generation LIBs because of their high energy density, relatively good rate capability, and reasonable cycling performance. However, the surface degradation, mechanical failure and thermal instability of these materials are the major causes of cell performance decay and rapid capacity fading. This is a huge challenge to commercializing these materials widely for use in LIBs. In particular, the thermal instability of Ni-rich NCM cathode active materials is the main issue of LIBs safety hazards. Hence, this review will recapitulate the current progress in this research direction by including widely recognized research outputs and recent findings. Moreover, with an extensive collection of detailed mechanisms on atomic, molecular and micrometer scales, this review work can complement the previous failure, degradation and thermal instability studies of Ni-rich NMC. Finally, this review will summarize recent research focus and recommend future research directions for nickel-rich NCM cathodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fikadu Takele Geldasa
- Adama Science and Technology University, Department of Applied Physics P. O. Box 1888 Adama Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Abayneh Kebede
- Energy Centre, Smart Places, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Pretoria 0001 South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg 2050 South Africa
| | - Megersa Wodajo Shura
- Adama Science and Technology University, Department of Applied Physics P. O. Box 1888 Adama Ethiopia
| | - Fekadu Gashaw Hone
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Physics P. O. Box: 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Song L, Du J, Xiao Z, Jiang P, Cao Z, Zhu H. Research Progress on the Surface of High-Nickel Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese Ternary Cathode Materials: A Mini Review. Front Chem 2020; 8:761. [PMID: 33005609 PMCID: PMC7484377 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To address increasingly prominent energy problems, lithium-ion batteries have been widely developed. The high-nickel type nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) ternary cathode material has attracted attention because of its high energy density, but it has problems such as cation mixing. To address these issues, it is necessary to start from the surface and interface of the cathode material, explore the mechanism underlying the material's structural change and the occurrence of side reactions, and propose corresponding optimization schemes. This article reviews the defects caused by cation mixing and energy bands in high-nickel NCM ternary cathode materials. This review discusses the reasons why the core-shell structure has become an optimized high-nickel ternary cathode material in recent years and the research progress of core-shell materials. The synthesis method of high-nickel NCM ternary cathode material is summarized. A good theoretical basis for future experimental exploration is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liubin Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlian Du
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongliang Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Huali Zhu
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang X, Tang Y, Shang G, Wu J, Lai Y, Li J, Qu Y, Zhang Z. Enhanced Cyclability and High-Rate Capability of LiNi 0.88Co 0.095Mn 0.025O 2 Cathodes by Homogeneous Al 3+ Doping. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32015-32024. [PMID: 31407883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To suppress capacity fading of nickel-rich materials for lithium-ion batteries, a homogeneous Al3+ doping strategy is realized through tailoring the Al3+ diffusion path from the bulk surface to interior. Specifically, the layered LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2 cathode with the radial arrangement of primary grains is successfully synthesized through optimization design of precursors. The Al3+ follows the radially oriented primary grains into the bulk by introduction of nano-Al2O3 during the sintering process, realizing the homogeneous Al3+ distribution in the whole material. Particularly, a series of nano-Al2O3-modified LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2 are investigated. With the 2% molar weight of Al3+ doping, the capacity retention ratio of the cathode is tremendously improved from 52.26 to 91.57% at 1 C rate after 150 cycles. Even at a heavy current density of 5 (&10) C for the LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2-Al2% cathode, a high reversible capacity of 172.3 (&165.7) mA h g-1 can be acquired, which amount to the 84.46 (&81.25) % capacity retention at 0.2 C. Moreover, voltage deterioration is significantly suppressed by homogeneous Al3+ doping from the results of median voltage and dQ/dV curves. Therefore, homogeneous Al3+ doping benefited from the radial arrangement of primary grains provides an effective and practical way to prolong lifespan, as well as improves rate performance and voltage stability of nickel-rich ternary materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Yiwei Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Guozhi Shang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Jian Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Yanqing Lai
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| | - Yaohui Qu
- School of Physics, Communication and Electronics , Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang , Jiangxi 330022 , China
| | - Zhian Zhang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment , Central South University , Changsha , Hunan 410083 , China
| |
Collapse
|