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Đukić T, Pavko L, Jovanovič P, Maselj N, Gatalo M, Hodnik N. Stability challenges of carbon-supported Pt-nanoalloys as fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13832-13854. [PMID: 36472187 PMCID: PMC9753161 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05377b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-supported Pt-based nanoalloys (CSPtNs) as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts are considered state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for use in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Although their ORR activity performance is already adequate to allow lowering of the Pt loading and thus commercialisation of the fuel cell technology, their stability remains an open challenge. In this Feature Article, the recent achievements and acquired knowledge on the degradation behaviour of these electrocatalysts are overviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Đukić
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luka Pavko
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Jovanovič
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Nik Maselj
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matija Gatalo
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- ReCatalyst d.o.o., Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Hodnik
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Smiljanić M, Bele M, Moriau L, Vélez Santa JF, Menart S, Šala M, Hrnjić A, Jovanovič P, Ruiz-Zepeda F, Gaberšček M, Hodnik N. Suppressing Platinum Electrocatalyst Degradation via a High-Surface-Area Organic Matrix Support. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3540-3548. [PMID: 35128261 PMCID: PMC8811926 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of carbon-supported Pt nanocatalysts in fuel cells and electrolyzers hinders widespread commercialization of these green technologies. Transition between oxidized and reduced states of Pt during fast potential spikes triggers significant Pt dissolution. Therefore, designing Pt-based catalysts able to withstand such conditions is of critical importance. We report here on a strategy to suppress Pt dissolution by using an organic matrix tris(aza)pentacene (TAP) as an alternative support material for Pt. The major benefit of TAP is its potential-dependent conductivity in aqueous media, which was directly evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. At potentials below ∼0.45 VRHE, TAP is protonated and its conductivity is improved, which enables supported Pt to run hydrogen reactions. At potentials corresponding to Pt oxidation/reduction (>∼0.45 VRHE), TAP is deprotonated and its conductivity is restricted. Tunable conductivity of TAP enhanced the durability of the Pt/TAP with respect to Pt/C when these two materials were subjected to the same degradation protocol (0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte, 3000 voltammetric scans, 1 V/s, 0.05-1.4 VRHE). The exceptional stability of Pt/TAP composite on a nanoscale level was confirmed by identical location TEM imaging before and after the used degradation protocol. Suppression of transient Pt dissolution from Pt/TAP with respect to the Pt/C benchmark was directly measured in a setup consisting of an electrochemical flow cell connected to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milutin Smiljanić
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Laboratory
for Atomic Physics, Institute for Nuclear Sciences Vinča, University of Belgrade, Mike Alasa 12-14, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marjan Bele
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Léonard
Jean Moriau
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - John Fredy Vélez Santa
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Materials
Physics Center (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, Donostia-San
Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Svit Menart
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martin Šala
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Armin Hrnjić
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Jovanovič
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Francisco Ruiz-Zepeda
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miran Gaberšček
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of
Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna
pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Hodnik
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef
Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- University
of Nova Gorica, Vipavska
13, 5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
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