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Ke Q, Ren J, Feng K, Zhang Z, Huang W, Xu X, Zhao L, Qiu H, Cao X. Crucial roles of soil inherent Fe-bearing minerals in enhanced Cr(VI) reduction by biochar: The electronegativity neutralization and electron transfer mediation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:124014. [PMID: 38642792 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has been used for soil Cr(VI) remediation in the last decade due to its enriched redox functional groups and good electrochemical properties. However, the role of soil inherent Fe-bearing minerals during the reduction of Cr(VI) has been largely overlooked. In this study, biochar with different electron-donating capacities (EDCs) was produced at 400 °C (BC400) and 700 °C (BC700), and their performance for Cr(VI) reduction in soils with varied properties (e.g., Fe content) was investigated. The addition of BC400 caused around 14.2-36.0 mg g-1 Cr(VI) reduction after two weeks of incubation in red soil, paddy soil, loess soil, and fluvo-aquic soil, while a less Cr(VI) was reduced by BC700 (2.57-16.7 mg g-1) with smaller EDCs. The Cr(VI) reduction by both biochars in different soils was closely related to Fe content (R2 = 0.93-0.98), so red soil with the richest Fe (14.8% > 1.79-3.49%) showed the best reduction capability, and the removal of soil free Fe oxides (e.g., hematite) resulted in 71.9% decrease of Cr(VI) reduction by BC400. On one hand, Fe-bearing minerals could increase the soil acidity, neutralize the surface negative charge of biochar, enhance the contact between Cr(VI) and biochar, and thus facilitate the direct Cr(VI) reduction by biochar in soils. On the other hand, Fe-bearing minerals could also facilitate the indirect Cr(VI) reduction by mediating the electron from biochar to Cr(VI) with the cyclic transformation of Fe(II)/Fe(III). This study demonstrates the key role of soil Fe-bearing minerals in Cr(VI) reduction by biochar, which advances our understanding on the biochar-based remediation mechanism of Cr(VI)-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ke
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jia Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kanghong Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zehong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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2
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Mahmoud AED, Ali R, Fawzy M. Insights into levofloxacin adsorption with machine learning models using nano-composite hydrochars. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141746. [PMID: 38522673 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization was applied to taro peel wastes to produce hydrochars using a facile and environmentally friendly process. Four different entities were prepared: hydrochar (TPh), phosphoric-activated hydrochar (P-TPh), and silver@hydrochars (Ag@TPh, Ag@P-TPh). The elemental compositions of the single and composite hydrochars were confirmed by EDX. Among the produced hydrochars, the morphology of the Ag@hydrochar composites demonstrated more wrinkled structure, and Ag nanoparticles decorated the surface. The optimal experimental conditions for levofloxacin adsorption were determined to be a contact time of 45 min, hydrochar dose of 0.15 g L-1, and pH of 7. The best adsorption performances were assigned to Ag@hydrochars. Two machine learning models were applied to predict the levofloxacin adsorption efficiency of the Ag@hydrochars. A central composite design (CCD) and a 3-10-1 artificial neural network (ANN) model were developed to estimate the removal performance of levofloxacin using Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm based on correlation and error analysis of the adopted training functions. Furthermore, the ANN sensitivity analysis revealed the order of the relative importance variable as initial concentration> hydrochar dose> pH. The predicted values of the CCD and ANN models fitted the experimental results with R2> 0.989. Therefore, the applied models were effective in predicting levofloxacin removal under different operating conditions. This work provides an open option for the sustainable management of food industry wastes and the possibility of waste valorization to effective hydrochar composites to be applied in water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El Din Mahmoud
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt; Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Radwa Ali
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt; Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Manal Fawzy
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt; Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt; National Egyptian Biotechnology Experts Network, National Egyptian Academy for Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Deng Y, Xiao T, She A, Li X, Chen W, Ao T, Ni F. One-step synthesis of iron and nitrogen co-doped porous biochar for efficient removal of tetracycline from water: Adsorption performance and fixed-bed column. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:119984. [PMID: 38218166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Here, Fe/N co-doped porous biochars (FeNKBCs) were obtained by grinding corncob, CH3COOK, FeCl3·6H2O, and C3H6N6 via one-step synthesis and were applied to remove antibiotics from wastewater. Notably, CH3COOK had an excellent porous activation ability. The developed nanotubular structure of Fe1N2KBC had a high pore volume (Vtotal) (1.2131 cm3/g) and specific surface areas (SSA) (2083.54 m2/g), which showed outstanding sorption abilities for TC (764.35 mg/g), OTC (560.82 mg/g), SMX (291.45 mg/g), and SMT (354.65 mg/g). The adsorption process of TC was controlled by chemisorption. Moreover, Fe1N2KBC has an excellent dynamic adsorption performance (620.14 mg/g) in a fixed-bed column. The properties of SSA, Vtotal, and the content of graphite N and Fe-N were positively correlated with TC adsorption capacity. The high performance of TC removal was related to π-π stacking, pore-filling, hydrogen bond, and electrostatic interaction. Fe1N2KBC possessed stable sorption amounts in pH 2-12 and actual water, and well reuse performance. The results of this work present an effective preparation method of Fe/N porous biochar for TC-contaminated water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China; College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tong Xiao
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Ailun She
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Wenqing Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Tianqi Ao
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Fuquan Ni
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, China.
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4
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Ma R, Xu X, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Xiang G, Chen Y, Qian J, Yi S. Synergistic effects of adsorption and chemical reduction towards the effective Cr(VI) removal in the presence of the sulfur-doped biochar material. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8538-8551. [PMID: 38180663 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31654-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the anaerobic sludge withdrawn from thickener in a sewage treatment plant served as the precursor for sludge-based biochar fabrication, which was further modified via sulfur (S) heteroatom doping (i.e., S-BC). The S atom doping resulted in the adjustment of the physicochemical properties towards the carbon material, endowment of abundant functional groups on biochar surface, and increasing the binding sites between biochar and Cr(VI). Compared to the primary biochar (i.e., biochar without heteroatomic doping, named BC), S-BC exhibited a rough surface and possessed remarkable advantages in ash content, specific surface area, and pore volume. The existence of graphene carbon crystal structure for S-BC was confirmed through S-BC by XRD and FTIR analysis. The studies of adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model more fitted the Cr(VI) removal behavior in the presence of S-BC. Therefore, the chemisorption and monolayer adsorption were the primary mechanisms involved in the Cr(VI) removal process. Additionally, XPS analysis results illustrated the aqueous Cr(VI) was efficiently eliminated through the synergistic effect of chemisorption and reduction to Cr(III) in the presence of S-BC. Moreover, S-BC could still achieve the Cr(VI) eliminating efficiency of 85.31% undergoing five cycles with unchanged functional group and crystal structure via FTIR and XRD analysis. Thus, the results of this study may shed light on a new approach for simultaneous economical sludge disposal and the sustainable remediation of the Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangning Xu
- The 2nd Geological Brigade of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yichu Zhang
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- The 2nd Geological Brigade of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoping Xiang
- The 2nd Geological Brigade of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Shouliang Yi
- US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, 15236-0940, USA
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5
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Jiang F, Wei C, Yu Z, Ji L, Liu M, Cao Q, Wu L, Li F. Fabrication of Iron-Containing Biochar by One-Step Ball Milling for Cr(VI) and Tetracycline Removal from Wastewater. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18958-18970. [PMID: 38095154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Simple ball milling technology can simultaneously improve the adsorption performance of adsorbents for heavy metals and organic pollutants and has attracted increasing attention. Iron-modified biochar (Fe@MBC) was prepared by one-step ball milling, and the characterization results proved that FeCl3 was successfully loaded on biochar. The removal rates of Cr(VI) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) by Fe@MBC were increased by 88.27% and 82.64% compared with BC. The average pore size, oxygen-containing functional groups and graphitization degree of Fe@MBC are higher than those of BC, which is more conducive to promoting adsorption. The adsorption isotherms show that the adsorption of Cr(VI) and TC on the Fe@MBC surface conforms to the Langmuir type of single-layer adsorption and the Freundlich model of multilayer adsorption, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of Cr(VI) and TC are 25.46 and 66.91 mg·g-1, respectively. Kinetic experiments show that the adsorption process is more consistent with the pseudo-second-order model of chemical adsorption. The adsorption process of Cr(VI) and TC on the Fe@MBC surface is a spontaneous endothermic process that becomes more obvious as the temperature increases. The increase in solution pH has a significant impact on the removal rate of Fe@MBC. When the pH value increased from 3 to 11, the adsorption rates decreased by 53.74% and 17.16%, respectively. The presence of PO43-, CO32-, K+, and Cu2+ significantly affects the adsorption of TC by Fe@MBC, and PO43- and CO32- also affect the adsorption of Cr(VI). Mechanistic studies show that ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, pore filling, and hydrogen bonding contribute to the removal of Cr(VI) and TC by Fe@MBC. The removal mechanism of Cr(VI) also involves complexation and redox reactions, and the removal mechanism of TC involves π-π bonds and van der Waals forces. The results show that Fe@MBC is a green and efficient adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Chengcheng Wei
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Zhongpu Yu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Licheng Ji
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Qi Cao
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Lei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Feiyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
- Institute of Soil Remediation and Solid Waste Recycling, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
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6
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Peng Z, Li S, He H, Wen Y, Huang H, Su L, Yi Z, Peng X, Zhou N. FeS and Fe 3O 4 Co-modified biochar to build a highly resistant advanced oxidation process system for quinclorac degradation in irrigation water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119492. [PMID: 37922748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), based on sulfate radical (SO4·-) produced by peroxymonosulfate (PMS), can effectively mineralize refractory organic pollutants. However, the coexistence of anions and natural organic matters in actual wastewater prevents the application of AOPs. A simple one-step method was used to prepare FeS/Fe3O4 co-modified biochar materials (FFB) that could activate PMS to degrade quinclorac (QNC) with a removal rate of 100%, even exhibiting optimum degradation of QNC reached 99.31% in irrigation water, demonstrating excellent anti-interference performance for co-existing anions and natural organic matter. Meanwhile, ecotoxicity analysis showed that the toxicity of degradation intermediates was lower than that of QNC. Characterization results demonstrated the even distribution of FeS and Fe3O4 onto biochar, supplying abundant Fe2+ to activate PMS producing reactive oxygen species (ROS), while the generated Fe3+ after reactive continue to be reduced with sulfur species to promote the cycle of Fe2+/Fe3+. The coexistence of ·OH, SO4·-, 1O2, and O2·- in the FFB/PMS-QNC system suggest the possession of two pathway with free radical and non-free radical pathways to degrade QNC. The density functional theory (DFT) was used to analyze the adsorption sites and adsorption energy of PMS, as well as the differential charge density, which further proved the generation of SO4·-, O2·- and 1O2. In addition, the electrochemical test results showed that electron transfer also played an important role in the degradation of QNC. This study provides a feasible approach for the removal of organic pollutants in actual water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Peng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Shikai Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hao He
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yujiao Wen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Haolong Huang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Lezhu Su
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhigang Yi
- Hunan Renhe Environment Co., LTD, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Xing Peng
- Hunan Renhe Environment Co., LTD, Changsha, 410022, China.
| | - Nan Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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7
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Ouyang Q, Hansen HCB, Thygesen LG, Tobler DJ. Nitrogen amended graphene catalyses fast reduction of vinyl chloride by nano zerovalent iron. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120535. [PMID: 37660466 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl chloride (VC) is a dominant carcinogenic residual in many aged chlorinated solvent plumes, and it remains a huge challenge to clean it up. Zerovalent iron (ZVI) is an effective reductant for many chlorinated compounds but shows low VC removal efficiency at field scale. Amendment of ZVI with a carbonaceous material may be used to both preconcentrate VC and facilitate redox reactions. In this study, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) produced by a simple co-pyrolysis method using urea as nitrogen (N) source, was tested as a catalyst for VC reduction by nanoscale ZVI (nZVI). The extent of VC reduction to ethylene in the presence of 2 g/L of nZVI was less than 1% after 3 days, and barely improved with the addition of 4 g/L of graphene. In contrast, with amendment of nZVI with NG produced at pyrolysis temperature (PT) of 950 °C, the VC reduction extent increased more than 10-fold to 69%. The reactivity increased with NG PT increasing from 400 °C to an optimum at 950 °C, and it increased linearly with NG loadings. Interestingly, N dosage had little effect on reactivity if NG was produced at PT of 950 °C, while a positive correlation was observed for NG produced at PT of 600 °C. XPS and Raman analyses revealed that for NG produced at lower PT (<800 °C) mainly the content of pyridine-N-oxide (PNO) groups correlates with reactivity, while for NG produced at higher PT up to 950 °C, reactivity correlates mainly with N induced structural defects in graphene. The results of quenching and hydrogen yield experiments indicated that NG promote reduction of VC by storage of atomic hydrogen, thus increasing its availability for VC reduction, while likely also enabling electron transfer from nZVI to VC. Overall, these findings demonstrate effective chemical reduction of VC by a nZVI-NG composite, and they give insights into the effects of N doping on redox reactivity and hydrogen storage potential of carbonaceous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ouyang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark.
| | - Hans Christian Bruun Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark
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Chen ZL, Zhang YN, Guo JZ, Chen L, Li B. Enhanced removal of Cr(VI) by polyethyleneimine-modified bamboo hydrochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:94185-94194. [PMID: 37526823 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar is an environmentally friendly and cheap adsorbent, but its adsorption amounts for anions is very limited. The functionalized hydrochar can overcome this shortcoming. Herein, polyethyleneimine-modified hydrochar (PEI-HC) was synthesized from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of methyl acrylate and bamboo after addition of initiator ammonium persulfate, and then modified by polyethyleneimine (PEI), which was used to treat Cr(VI). PEI-HC was tested by XANES, EXAFS, SEM-EDS, XPS, FTIR, N2 sorption isotherms, zeta potential, and elemental analyses. The characterizations showed that PEI was successfully grafted onto hydrochar, and the PEI-HC was rich in N and O functional groups, which presented high Cr(VI) sorption ability (528.41 mg·g-1 at pH 2). The bath experiments found the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich equations can well describe the adsorption kinetics and isotherm of the Cr(VI) adsorption onto PEI-HC, respectively. Electrostatic interaction, reduction, complexation, and H-bonding are the main removal mechanisms as supported by XANES, EXAFS, XPS, and FTIR. This study provides a strategy of combining HTC and free radical graft polymerization to convert agricultural and forestry wastes into functionalized hydrochar, showing highly efficient removal of Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Le Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Nan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhong Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Wang Q, Yue Y, Liu W, Liu Q, Song Y, Ge C, Ma H. Removal Performance of KOH-Modified Biochar from Tropical Biomass on Tetracycline and Cr(VI). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16113994. [PMID: 37297127 DOI: 10.3390/ma16113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can be used to address the excessive use of tetracycline and micronutrient chromium (Cr) in wastewater that potentially threatens human health. However, there is little information about how the biochar, made from different tropical biomass, facilitates tetracycline and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal from aqueous solution. In this study, biochar was prepared from cassava stalk, rubber wood and sugarcane bagasse, then further modified with KOH to remove tetracycline and Cr(VI). Results showed that pore characteristics and redox capacity of biochar were improved after modification. KOH-modified rubber wood biochar had the highest removal of tetracycline and Cr(VI), 1.85 times and 6 times higher than unmodified biochar. Tetracycline and Cr(VI) can be removed by electrostatic adsorption, reduction reaction, π-π stacking interaction, hydrogen bonding, pore filling effect and surface complexation. These observations will improve the understanding of the simultaneous removal of tetracycline and anionic heavy metals from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Engineering and Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenfei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yu Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Chengjun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hongfang Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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10
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Li L, Zhang H, Liu Z, Su Y, Du C. Adsorbent biochar derived from corn stalk core for highly efficient removal of bisphenol A. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27545-6. [PMID: 37209328 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Environmental-friendly biochar (BC) with low cost was obtained by simple pyrolysis of corn stalk core, which was employed as an adsorbent for efficiently removing organic pollutants in water. The physicochemical properties of BCs were characterized by various techniques, including X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), Raman, Thermogravimetric (TGA), N2 adsorption-desorption and zeta potential tests. The influence of pyrolysis temperature on the structure and adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent was emphasized. The graphitization degree and sp2 carbon content of BCs were enhanced by increasing the pyrolysis temperature, which was favorable for the enhancement of the adsorption efficiency. The adsorption results showed that corn stalk core calcined at 900 °C (BC-900) displayed exceptional adsorption efficiency toward bisphenol A (BPA) in wide pH (1-13) and temperature (0-90 °C) ranges. Moreover, adsorbent BC-900 could adsorb various pollutants from water, including antibiotics, organic dyes, and phenol (50 mg·L-1). The adsorption process of BPA over BC-900 matched well with the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Mechanism investigation suggested that large specific surface area and pore filling acted the foremost role in the adsorption process. Adsorbent BC-900 has the potential application in wastewater treatment due to its simple preparation, low cost, and excellent adsorption efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongji Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiliang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiguo Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Du
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, People's Republic of China.
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Kuang Y, Xie X, Zhou S, Chen L, Zheng J, Ouyang G. Customized oxygen-rich biochar with ultrahigh microporosity for ideal solid phase microextraction of substituted benzenes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161840. [PMID: 36716883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic effect of high microporosity and abundant heteroatoms is important for improving the performance of biochar in various fields. However, it is still challenging to create enough micropores for biochar, while simultaneously retaining the heteroatoms from biomass. A series of biochar with variable microstructures was successfully prepared by carbonization and following ball milling on lotus pedicel (LP), watermelon rind (WR), and litchi rind (LR). The pore structures and heteroatoms of biochar were characterized in detail. Notably, high microporosity could be realized by the carbonization of LR, and further ball milling resulted in a higher microporous surface area (1323.4 m2·g-1) and richer oxygen. Furthermore, the obtained biochar was fabricated as solid phase microextraction (SPME) coatings with uniform morphologies and similar thicknesses to deeply investigate the relationships between the microstructures and extraction performance. The best performance was demonstrated by the LR800BM, with enrichment factors from 1780 to 155,217. Finally, it was coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to develop an analytical method with a wide linear range (1-50,000 ng·L-1), low limits of detection (0.10-1.4 ng·L-1), good repeatability (0.83 %-7.5 %) and reproducibility (4.2 %-8.9 %). This work provides valuable insights into the structure-performance relationship of biochar, which is important for the design of high-performance biochar-based adsorbents and their applications in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Kuang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xintong Xie
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suxin Zhou
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luyi Chen
- School of Chemistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Juan Zheng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Test for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou 510070, China; Chemistry College, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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12
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Effects of KMnO4 pre- and post-treatments on biochar properties and its adsorption of tetracycline. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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13
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Zhou J, Yu M, Qu J, Akindolie MS, Bi F, Liu Y, Jiang Z, Wang L, Zhang B, Zhang Y. Hydrothermal carbonization of alfalfa: role of processing variables on hydrochar properties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:85300-85311. [PMID: 35794322 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization of alfalfa is a potential way to reuse agricultural waste. However, the effects of hydrothermal conditions on the properties of alfalfa-derived hydrochar are not clear. Herein, this study investigated the impact of different synthesis conditions (e.g., heating temperature, heating time, and solid to liquid ratio) on the formation and properties of hydrochar. Characterization and thermogravimetric analysis results revealed that with the increase of hydrothermal temperature and the extension of time, cellulose in alfalfa broken down more completely, and the number of carbon spheres and the aromatization degree increased, while the functional groups decreased. Furthermore, there was a surge in the carbon content, fixed carbon yield, high heating value, reduced oxygen, and volatile content. Additionally, the enhancement solid-liquid ratio could effectively improve the energy and mass yields. In all, by adjusting the process parameters of hydrochar, cleaner and higher productivity products could be obtained. This study provides theory basis for the production of target hydrochar that is used to soil amendments, adsorbents, and energy sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Research Academy of Environmental Science, Harbin, 150056, China
| | - Mingjie Yu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Modupe Sarah Akindolie
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fuxuan Bi
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Rd, Changchun, 130102, China.
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14
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Qu J, Wu Z, Liu Y, Li R, Wang D, Wang S, Wei S, Zhang J, Tao Y, Jiang Z, Zhang Y. Ball milling potassium ferrate activated biochar for efficient chromium and tetracycline decontamination: Insights into activation and adsorption mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127407. [PMID: 35667535 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, novel Fe-biochar composites (MBCBM500 and MBCBM700) were synthesized through K2FeO4 co-pyrolysis and ball milling, and were used to eliminate Cr(VI)/TC from water. Characterization results revealed that higher temperature promoted formation of zero-valent iron and Fe3C on MBCBM700 through carbothermal reduction between K2FeO4 and biochar. The higher specific surface area and smaller particle size of MBCBM500/700 stemmed from the corrosive functions of K and the ball milling process. And the maximal uptake amount of MBCBM700 for Cr(VI)/TC was 117.49/90.31 mg/g, relatively higher than that of MBCBM500 (93.86/84.15 mg/g). Furthermore, ion exchange, pore filling, precipitation, complexation, reduction and electrostatic attraction were proved to facilitate the adsorption of Cr(VI), while hydrogen bonding force, pore filling, complexation and π-π stacking were the primary pathways to eliminate TC. This study provide a reasonable design of Fe-carbon materials for Cr(VI)/TC contained water remediation, which required neither extra modifiers nor complex preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhihuan Wu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruolin Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shuqi Wei
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingru Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhao Jiang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 4888 Shengbei Rd, Changchun 130102, China.
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