1
|
Baldin A, Nucibella C, Manera C, Bacci C. Efficacy of Tocopherol vs. Chlorhexidine in the Management of Oral Biopsy Site: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2025; 14:788. [PMID: 39941458 PMCID: PMC11818331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2025] [Revised: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) is widely regarded as the gold standard for oral mucosa antiseptic treatments but has been associated with delayed healing, scar formation, microbiome alterations, and fibroblast toxicity. Tocopherol, with its ability to accelerate tissue healing and minimal side effects, has emerged as a potential alternative. This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the efficacy of topical tocopherol acetate and 0.2% chlorhexidine in managing postoperative pain and wound healing following oral cavity biopsies. Methods: Seventy-seven patients undergoing oral biopsies were divided into two groups: the test group (tocopherol acetate) and the control group (0.2% chlorhexidine). Pain was assessed using VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) scores on days 1 and 6 postoperatively, and wound healing was evaluated through measurements of the biopsy site's height and width from standardized photographs analyzed with ImageJ. Painkiller use was also documented. The study followed CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines, with ethical approval from the Padua Ethics Committee and registration on ISRCTN. Results: No significant differences were found between the groups in VAS scores, wound dimensions, or painkiller use (p > 0.05). However, significant pain reduction within each group was observed (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Tocopherol acetate showed comparable efficacy to chlorhexidine, suggesting it could be a viable alternative for postoperative care in oral surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christian Bacci
- Unit of Oral Pathology and Medicine and Odontostomatological Diagnostics, Section of Clinical Dentistry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (A.B.); (C.N.); (C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vladislavic NZ, Vladislavic J, Franic I, Tadin A. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes in buccal mucosal cells: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6245-6259. [PMID: 37704916 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05241-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of commercially available toothpastes with the different whitening ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of whitening toothpastes with different ingredients using a buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt assay) comprised 199 participants randomly divided into ten groups based on used whitening or control/conventional toothpaste. The exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were collected, stained, and microscopically evaluated at baseline (T0), 30 days (T1), and 60 days (T2) after the beginning of treatment and 30 days after completing treatment (T3). Statistical evaluation was performed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA), Tukey's test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The genotoxic parameters showed no biologically significant changes in any of the observed period for the tested toothpastes, while cytotoxic parameters (number of cells with karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) showed statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) among evaluation periods for the three peroxide-containing toothpastes. CONCLUSIONS Peroxide-containing whitening toothpastes exhibit an increase in certain cytotoxic parameters only during the application period, which return to control values after the cessation of application. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Whitening toothpastes show no genotoxic effect, while peroxide-containing whitening toothpastes may present significant increase of cytotoxicity (measured by the number of karyorrhexis and condensed chromatin) during the application period. However, these changes observed in clinical conditions cannot be considered significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04460755.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasen Vladislavic
- Department of Pulmonology, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Franic
- 5Th Gymnasium "Vladimir Nazor" Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Antonija Tadin
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000, Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amini F, Farhadi S, Shahbeik S, Mahvash Mohammadi M, Rakhshan V. Effects of fixed orthodontic treatment with and without chlorhexidine mouthwash on vitality of oral mucosal cells reflected by cell nuclear indexes: A preliminary 3-phase before-after clinical trial. Int Orthod 2023; 21:100722. [PMID: 36669458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effects of mouthwashes on the vitality of oral mucosal cells have not been determined in orthodontic patients. We aimed to assess, for the first time, the effects of fixed orthodontic treatment with and without chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on the oral mucosal cell vitality. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients meeting the eligibility criteria were consecutively included until the desired sample size was reached. Oral buccal mucosal cell samples were taken immediately before orthodontic treatment. For each patient, 20 metal brackets and 4 bands were installed on the teeth. Cell samples were recollected after one month of treatment. Then, the patients used an ethanol-free 0.12% CHX mouthwash two times a week for one month. Sampling was repeated at the end of the second month. Papanicolaou staining was used for micronucleus screening of the indexes: micronucleus (MIC), karyorrhexis (KR), karyolysis (KL), and broken eggs (BE). The repair index (RI) was calculated as RI=KR+KL/BE+MIC. Comparisons of nuclear changes over 3 intervals were done using the Friedman and Dunn-Bonferroni tests (α=0.05, β<0.05). RESULTS This prospective before-after clinical trial was performed on 408 observations of 34 patients (14 males, 20 females, mean age: 16.68±3.75 years) at 3 intervals (×4 parameters each). The means of MIC, KR, KL, BE, and RI were respectively 1.312±1.219, 0.241±0.564, 0.426±0.657, 0.115±0.224, and 0.476±0.360 before treatment. They were 1.348±1.171, 0.215±0.236, 0.406±0.369, 0.124±0.187, and 0.511±0.310 at the first interval and 1.909±1.263, 0.368±0.174, 0.615±0.269, 0.253±0.150, and 0.529±0.195 at the second interval. Friedman showed significant time-dependent changes for all variables (P<0.0005) except RI. Dunn-Bonferroni showed that except MIC (P=0.017), KR/KL/BE changed insignificantly after orthodontic treatment (P≥0.974). MIC/KR/KL/BE increased significantly after the addition of CHX (P<0.0005). CONCLUSION CHX mouthwash, together with orthodontic treatment, has a strong deteriorating effect on nuclear indexes associated with the vitality of buccal mucosal cells. Nuclear changes caused by orthodontic treatment alone might be negligible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Amini
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Farhadi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shahbeik
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Faculty, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Mahvash Mohammadi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahid Rakhshan
- Department of Dental Anatomy, Dental Faculty of Islamic Azad University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bapat RA, Parolia A, Chaubal T, Dharamadhikari S, Abdulla AM, Sakkir N, Arora S, Bapat P, Sindi AM, Kesharwani P. Recent update on potential cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and preventive measures of biomaterials used in dentistry. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:3244-3283. [PMID: 33949464 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00233c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dental treatment is provided for a wide variety of oral health problems like dental caries, periodontal diseases, periapical infections, replacement of missing teeth and orthodontic problems. Various biomaterials, like composite resins, amalgam, glass ionomer cement, acrylic resins, metal alloys, impression materials, bone grafts, membranes, local anaesthetics, etc., are used for dental applications. The physical and chemical characteristics of these materials influence the outcome of dental treatment. It also impacts on the biological, allergic and toxic potential of biomaterials. With innovations in science and their positive results, there is also a need for awareness about the biological risks of these biomaterials. The aim of dental treatment is to have effective, yet safe, and long-lasting results for the benefit of patients. For this, it is important to have a thorough understanding of biomaterials and their effects on local and systemic health. Materials used in dentistry undergo a series of analyses before their oral applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and original review that discusses the reasons for and studies on the toxicity of commonly used biomaterials for applications in dentistry. It will help clinicians to formulate a methodical approach for the selection of dental biomaterials, thus providing an awareness for forecasting their risk of toxic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Ajit Bapat
- Faculty, Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abhishek Parolia
- Faculty, Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tanay Chaubal
- Faculty, Division of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur, 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Anshad Mohamed Abdulla
- Faculty, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasil Sakkir
- Registrar Endodontist, Central Security Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suraj Arora
- Faculty, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Prachi Bapat
- Dentist, Modern Dental College, Indore 453112, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Amal M Sindi
- Faculty, Oral Diagnostic Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Faculty, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shamseddine L, Chidiac JJ. Composition's effect of Origanum Syriacum essential oils in the antimicrobial activities for the treatment of denture stomatitis. Odontology 2021; 109:327-335. [PMID: 32808051 PMCID: PMC7430938 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This research has several purposes: First to assess the bacterial and fungal minimum inhibitory concentration of Origanum Syriacum essential oil. Second to quantify its bactericidal and fungicidal minimal concentration against S. aureus, S. mutans, and C. albicans found in denture stomatitis. The third purpose is to look at the influence of three different soils (Annaya, Bhanin and Michrif) on the essential oils composition. Three essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation from three different Origanum Syriacum plant origins. Bioassays were conducted using a broth microdilution methods. Gas Chromatography analysis was used to calculate the abundance of most components in each essential oil. Post hoc tests assessed antimicrobial effects between ecotypes while Pearson's test correlated the different components and their antimicrobial efficiency (α < 0.05). All tested essential oils were efficient against all microorganisms. Origanum Syriacum essential oils derived from Annaya and Bhanin soils showed a superior antimicrobial activity compared to the Michrif one. The most abundant component and most efficient among all essential oils constituents was carvacrol. It can be concluded that Origanum Syriacum essential oils have an antimicrobial activity, which depends on the ecotype, its origin and its composition. They might be used to start a clinical trial for the treatment of denture stomatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Shamseddine
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Lebanese University, Beirut, Hadat Lebanon
| | - Jose Johann Chidiac
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Lebanese University, Beirut, Hadat Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gupta V, Pant VA, Pandey S, Pant AB. Efficacy and safety evaluation of alcohol-containing and alcohol-free mouth rinses: A clinicocytological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:128-132. [PMID: 33888944 PMCID: PMC8041073 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_196_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Whether the alcohol-based mouth rinses are as good as nonalcoholic mouth rinses as far as oral mucosal safety is concerned? Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the oral mucosal safety of widely used alcohol- and nonalcohol-based mouth rinses at their recommended doses. Settings and Design: The clinical and cytological investigations were carried out by enrolling 120 systemically healthy volunteers fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The volunteers were subjected to a repeated mouth rinse for 60 days to either alcohol-based or alcohol-free mouth rinses at their recommended dosages. A comparative analysis for any clinical adverse response on the oral mucosa and efficacy, i.e., reduction of plaque and gingival index was done at the terminal of the exposure. The studies were also carried out to investigate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potential of alcohol-based and alcohol-free mouth rinses in the exposed mucosal cells. Subjects and Methods: The data have been presented in comparative account between alcohol-based and alcohol-free mouth rinses in the volunteers at day 0 and day 60. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potential of prescribed doses of alcohol- and alcohol-free mouth rinses have also been evaluated using tetrazolium bromide salt 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, neutral red uptake, and trypan blue dye, micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations. Results: The study findings reveal no statistically as well as biologically significant adverse responses of both alcohol-based and alcohol-free mouth rinses at clinical and cytological level. Conclusions: Under cytological observation, repeated dose exposure up to 60 days of the mouth rinses (alcohol-based and alcohol-free) used in the study was found to be effective and safe at their prescribed dosages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Gupta
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vandana Aditya Pant
- Department of Periodontology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suraj Pandey
- Department of Periodontology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Bhusan Pant
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tartaglia GM, Tadakamadla SK, Connelly ST, Sforza C, Martín C. Adverse events associated with home use of mouthrinses: a systematic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2019; 10:2042098619854881. [PMID: 31579502 PMCID: PMC6759706 DOI: 10.1177/2042098619854881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Poor oral hygiene is strongly associated with oral and systemic diseases. Alongside mechanical tooth cleaning, the adjunctive use of mouthrinses has been widely advocated. Although research on the efficacy of various mouthrinse formulations is very active, there are a lack of conclusive data regarding their adverse effects. Methods We undertook a systematic review in accordance wih PRISMA guidelines of electronic databases of clinical trials of any duration with daily home use of mouthwashes, presenting clinical and subjective side effects (PROSPERO registration: CRD42016054037). Results After evaluating 614 titles and abstracts, 154 studies were selected for full-text analysis; 85 final papers were included. Based on the active ingredient in the test product, nine categories were created: cetyl pyridinium chloride, essential oils, chlorhexidine, triclosan, natural products, diclofenac, fluorides, delmopinol, and miscellaneous active substances. Most of the studies were of short duration (less than 6 months) with a defective 'methods' description; the reporting of adverse events often being overlooked. Both local morphological (oral mucosa and dental-crown staining, mucosal lesions) and functional (taste modifications, abnormal oral sensation) alterations were reported. Tooth staining was the most commonly listed adverse event, but it was quantitatively assessed only in a very small number of papers; most studies relied on patient reports. Staining was time associated; the longer the study, the higher its reported incidence and severity. Conclusions The reduced report of side effects may partly be due to a lack of an objective measure and lack of general guidelines that demand studies report their adverse events. The most frequently reported adverse effect was teeth staining. As in most studies, the effect was associated with trial duration; clinical trials should be of sufficient duration. New investigations meeting the suggested criteria of a minimal duration of 6 months should be planned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca M Tartaglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Functional Anatomy Research Centre (FARC), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, Milano, MI 20133, Italy Private Practice, SST Dental Clinic, Via Martiri della Libertà 58, 20090 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | | | - Stephen Thaddeus Connelly
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health System, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chiarella Sforza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Conchita Martín
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng X, Yan Z, Liu P, Fan J, Wang S, Wang P, Zhang T. Research Progress on Toxic Effects and Water Quality Criteria of Triclosan. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2019; 102:731-740. [PMID: 30949737 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is an effective broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent that is widely used in personal care products. It has been detected in different environmental media, and poses high potential ecological risk. In this article, we carried out a literature review of recent studies on the toxic effects of TCS from different aspects at the molecular, cell, tissue, organ, and individual level. TCS can exhibit acute toxicity to aquatic organisms, affect the normal expression and physiological function of enzymes and genes, and produce cytotoxicity. Many studies have demonstrated that TCS exerts significant endocrine-disrupting effects on organisms, interfering the normal physiological functions of the reproductive, thyroid, and nervous systems via related signaling pathways. Moreover, we reported current research on the water quality criteria of TCS and discuss possible future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peiyuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Durbakula K, Prabhu V, Jose M. Genotoxicity of non-alcoholic mouth rinses: A micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities study with fluorescent microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 9:e12309. [PMID: 29243408 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxicity of non-alcoholic mouth rinses on buccal epithelial cells using a micronucleus test. METHODS A total of 105 patients were selected and randomly divided into five groups. Four different mouth rinses and normal saline were given for 2 weeks' duration, and cytological smears were collected before and after exposure. These smears were subjected to micronucleus (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities (ONA) tests using acridine orange stain, and their frequencies were obtained in 500 buccal epithelial cells. The statistical analysis included mean, χ2 -test, analysis of variance, and post-hoc analysis by Bonferroni test. RESULTS Micronucleated cells (P < .00) and MN (P < .00) were higher in individuals exposed to chlorhexidine (CHX), followed by chlorine dioxide (ClO2 ), potassium nitrate (KNO3 ), and sodium fluoride (NaF), amine fluoride (AmF), and normal saline. ONA were greater (P < .00) in individuals exposed to CHX, followed by ClO2 , AmF, KNO3 , and NaF and normal saline. Overall, the results showed that genotoxic damage was greater in the case of CHX, followed by ClO2 , KNO3 , and NaF, AmF, and normal saline. CONCLUSION Chronic exposure to mouth rinses can cause genotoxic damage to buccal epithelial cells. Long-term injudicious and inadvertent use of mouth rinses should be discouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karteek Durbakula
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
| | - Vishnudas Prabhu
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Maji Jose
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lima CF, Alves MGO, Furtado JJD, Marcucci M, Balducci I, Almeida JD. Effect of HIV infection in the micronuclei frequency on the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:644-648. [PMID: 27873361 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genotoxic impact of HIV infection on the oral cavity malignancies is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIV infection in micronucleus (MN) frequency on the oral mucosa of HIV+ patients and establish a relationship with early cytogenetic changes in oral carcinogenesis. METHODS Thirty HIV+ individuals who are under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 30 non-HIV patients were evaluated. Two smears were taken from the lateral border of the tongue and mouth floor and stained by Feulgen. The frequency of MN was examined in 3000 cells per subject under common microscopy. RESULTS MN analysis showed no significant difference between groups by Mann-Whitney U-test for total MNs (P = 0.178). The presence of single MN was greater in control group with statistical significance (P = 0.009), while in HIV group, multiple MNs were exhibited in higher mean. CONCLUSIONS HIV patients under HAART therapy and low viral load values showed higher frequency of multiple MNs, which, although not statistically significant, may be caused by the action of the Vpr gene, an accessory gene of HIV. These results corroborate the theory of HIV infection cytogenetic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcelo Marcucci
- Department of Stomatology, Heliopolis Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Balducci
- Department of Social and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
WYGANOWSKA-SWIATKOWSKA MARZENA, KOTWICKA MALGORZATA, URBANIAK PAULINA, NOWAK AGNIESZKA, SKRZYPCZAK-JANKUN EWA, JANKUN JERZY. Clinical implications of the growth-suppressive effects of chlorhexidine at low and high concentrations on human gingival fibroblasts and changes in morphology. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1594-600. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
12
|
Vlachojannis C, Al-Ahmad A, Hellwig E, Chrubasik S. Listerine® Products: An Update on the Efficacy and Safety. Phytother Res 2016; 30:367-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Vlachojannis
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Center for Dental Medicine
| | - A. Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Center for Dental Medicine
| | - E. Hellwig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology; Center for Dental Medicine
| | - S. Chrubasik
- Institute of Forensic Medicine; Albert-Ludwigs-University; Freiburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|