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Alterary SS, Al-Alshaikh MA, Elhadi AM, Cao W. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Novel Magnetic Nanoparticles Combined with Thiophene Derivatives for the Removal of Cr(VI) from an Aqueous Solution. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7835-7849. [PMID: 38405514 PMCID: PMC10883020 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Most heavy metals are harmful to human health and the environment, even at extremely low concentrations. In natural waters, they are usually found only in trace amounts. Researchers are paying great attention to nanotechnology and nanomaterials as viable solutions to the problem of water pollution. This research focuses on the synthesis of organic thiophene derivatives that can be used as grafted ligands on the surface of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles to remove Cr(VI) chromium ions from water. The Vilsmeier-Haack reaction allows the formation of aldehyde groups in thiophene derivatives, and the resulting products were characterized by the FT-IR, NMR, and GC-MS. Schiff base is used as a binder between organic compounds and nanoparticles by the reaction of aldehyde groups in thiophene derivatives and amine groups on the surface of coated iron oxide nanoparticles. Schiff base functionalized Fe3O4 composites (MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCA) and (MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCTA) were successfully synthesized by homogeneous and heterogeneous methods and characterized by a combination of FT-IR, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption studies, kinetic modeling, adsorption isotherms, and thermodynamics of the two materials, MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCA and MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCTA, were investigated for the removal of Cr(VI) from water at room temperature and at 50 mg/L. The high adsorption capacity at pH 6 for MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCTA was 15.53 mg/g, and for MNPs@SiO2-SB-THCA, it was 14.31 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S. Alterary
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 11495 Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Monirah A. Al-Alshaikh
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 11495 Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Athar M. Elhadi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 11495 Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Wenjie Cao
- Scientific
Design Company Incorporated, 49 Industrial Avenue, Little Ferry, 07643 New Jersey, United States
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Fighir D, Paduraru C, Ciobanu R, Bucatariu F, Plavan O, Gherghel A, Barjoveanu G, Mihai M, Teodosiu C. Removal of Diclofenac and Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Media Using Composite Sorbents in Dynamic Conditions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:33. [PMID: 38202488 PMCID: PMC10780657 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and heavy metals pose significant risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems, necessitating their removal from water and wastewater. A promising alternative for this purpose involves their removal by adsorption on composite sorbents prepared using a conventional layer-by-layer (LbL) method or an innovative coacervate direct deposition approach. In this study, four novel composite materials based on a silica core (IS) and a polyelectrolyte coacervate shell were used for the investigation of dynamic adsorption of three heavy metals (lead, nickel and cadmium) and an organic drug model (diclofenac sodium salt, DCF-Na). The four types of composite sorbents were tested for the first time in dynamic conditions (columns with continuous flow), and the column conditions were similar to those used in wastewater treatment plants. The influence of the polyanion nature (poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) vs. poly(sodium methacrylate) (PMAA)), maintaining a constant poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), and the cross-linking degree (r = 0.1 and r = 1.0) of PEI chains on the immobilization of these pollutants (inorganic vs. organic) on the same type of composite was also studied. The experiments involved both single- and multi-component aqueous solutions. The kinetics of the dynamic adsorption process were examined using two non-linear models: the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The tested sorbents demonstrated good adsorption capacities with affinities for the metal ions in the following order: Pb2+ > Cd2+ > Ni2+. An increase in the initial diclofenac sodium concentration led to an enhanced adsorption capacity of the IS/(PEI-PAA)c-r1 sorbent. The calculated sorption capacities were in good agreement with the adsorption capacity predicted by the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The substantial affinity observed between DCF-Na and a column containing composite microparticles saturated with heavy metal ions was explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fighir
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Carmen Paduraru
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Ramona Ciobanu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Florin Bucatariu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Plavan
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Andreea Gherghel
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - George Barjoveanu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Marcela Mihai
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Teodosiu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73 D. Mangeron Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (D.F.); (C.P.); (R.C.); (F.B.); (O.P.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
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