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Qin Y, Zhou H, Yang Y, Guo T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Ma L. Metabolome and Its Mechanism Profiling in the Synergistic Toxic Effects Induced by Co-Exposure of Tenuazonic Acid and Patulin in Caco-2 Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:319. [PMID: 39057959 PMCID: PMC11281550 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16070319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tenuazonic acid (TeA), usually found in cereals, fruits, vegetables, oil crops, and their products, was classified as one of the highest public health problems by EFSA as early as 2011, but it has still not been regulated by legislation due to the limited toxicological profile. Moreover, it has been reported that the coexistence of TeA and patulin (PAT) has been found in certain agricultural products; however, there are no available data about the combined toxicity. Considering that the gastrointestinal tract is the physiological barrier of the body, it would be the first target site at which exogenous substances interact with the body. Thus, we assessed the combined toxicity (cell viability, ROS, CAT, and ATP) in Caco-2 cells using mathematical modeling (Chou-Talalay) and explored mechanisms using non-targeted metabolomics and molecular biology methods. It revealed that the co-exposure of TeA + PAT (12.5 μg/mL + 0.5 μg/mL) can induce enhanced toxic effects and more severe oxidative stress. Mechanistically, the lipid and amino acid metabolisms and PI3K/AKT/FOXO signaling pathways were mainly involved in the TeA + PAT-induced synergistic toxic effects. Our study not only enriches the scientific basis for the development of regulatory policies but also provides potential targets and treatment options for alleviating toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Qin
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Hongyuan Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yulian Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ting Guo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Southwest University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Liang Ma
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Q.); (H.Z.); (Y.Y.); (T.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing 401121, China
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Wang Z, Huang J, Zhang H, Luo T, He C. Combined effect of zinc and cadmium ions on nitrification performance during the biological nitrogen removal of simulated livestock breeding wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:41155-41166. [PMID: 38849618 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Zinc and cadmium ions are usually found in livestock breeding wastewater, and the mixed ions will have an impact on the biological nitrogen removal. Nitrification performance plays an important role in biological nitrogen removal. In order to investigate the combined effect of zinc and cadmium ions on nitrification performance and to reveal the interactions between zinc and cadmium ions, three concentration ratios of zinc and cadmium ions, as well as 18 different concentration gradients were designed with the direct equipartition ray and the dilution factor method. The effect of pollutants on the nitrification performance of biological nitrogen removal was analyzed by the nonlinear regression equation, and the concentration-addition model was conducted to probe into the relationship between the mixed pollutants and the nitrification performance. The results showed that the effect on nitrification performance increased significantly with the increase of reaction duration and pollutant concentration, which indicated that the effects are concentration-dependent and time-dependent. The concentration-addition model suggested that the interactions between zinc and cadmium ions with different concentration ratios were mainly antagonistic, and as the percentage of cadmium ions in the mixtures increased, the antagonism between the mixtures became stronger. This study will provide a relevant theoretical basis for the regulation of the ratios and concentrations of heavy metal ions during the biological treatment of livestock breeding wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanpeng Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230009, China.
- Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Hefei, 230601, China.
- Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization in Industrial Parks, Hefei, 230041, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Hefei, 230601, China
- Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization in Industrial Parks, Hefei, 230041, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230009, China
- Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Chunhua He
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China
- Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Hefei, 230601, China
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Zeng JP, Zhang J, Hong JH, Zhao YF, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Huang XH, Xie FZ. Predicting the occurrence of antagonism within ternary guanidine mixture pollutants based on the concentration ratio of components. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169380. [PMID: 38123081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The widespread prevalence and coexistence of diverse guanidine compounds pose substantial risks of potential toxicity interactions, synergism or antagonism, to environmental organisms. This complexity presents a formidable challenge in assessing the risks associated with various pollutants. Hence, a method that is both accurate and universally applicable for predicting toxicity interactions within mixtures is crucial, given the unimaginable diversity of potential combinations. A toxicity interaction prediction method (TIPM) developed in our past research was employed to predict the toxicity interaction, within guanidine compound mixtures. Here, antagonism were found in the mixtures of three guanidine compounds including chlorhexidine (CHL), metformin (MET), and chlorhexidine digluconate (CDE) by selecting Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the test organism. The antagonism in the mixture was probably due to the competitive binding of all three guanidine compounds to the anionic phosphates of E. coli cell membranes, which eventually lead to cell membrane rupture. Then, a good correlation between toxicity interactions (antagonisms) and components' concentration ratios (pis) within binary mixtures (CHL-MET, CHL-CDE, MET-CDE) was established. Based on the correlation, the TIPM was constructed and accurately predicted the antagonism in the CHL-MET-CDE ternary mixture, which once again proved the accuracy and applicability of the TIPM method. Therefore, TIPM can be suggested to identify or screen rapidly the toxicity interaction within ternary mixtures exerting potentially adverse effects on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Jun-Hua Hong
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yuan-Fan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xian-Huai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Fa-Zhi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Resource of Anhui province, Hefei 230601, PR China; College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, PR China
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