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Bredeck G, Dos S Souza EJ, Wigmann C, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF. The influence of long-range transported Saharan dust on the inflammatory potency of ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119008. [PMID: 38663670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Although desert dust promotes morbidity and mortality, it is exempt from regulations. Its health effects have been related to its inflammatory properties, which can vary between source regions. It remains unclear which constituents cause this variability. Moreover, whether long-range transported desert dust potentiates the hazardousness of local particulate matter (PM) is still unresolved. We aimed to assess the influence of long-range transported desert dust on the inflammatory potency of PM2.5 and PM10 collected in Cape Verde and to examine associated constituents. During a reference period and two Saharan dust events, 63 PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected at four sampling stations. The content of water-soluble ions, elements, and organic and elemental carbon was measured in all samples and endotoxins in PM10 samples. The PM-induced release of inflammatory cytokines from differentiated THP-1 macrophages was evaluated. The association of interleukin (IL)-1β release with PM composition was assessed using principal component (PC) regressions. PM2.5 from both dust events and PM10 from one event caused higher IL-1β release than PM from the reference period. PC regressions indicated an inverse relation of IL-1β release with sea spray ions in both size fractions and organic and elemental carbon in PM2.5. The PC with the higher regression coefficient suggested that iron and manganese may contribute to PM2.5-induced IL-1β release. Only during the reference period, endotoxin content strongly differed between sampling stations and correlated with inflammatory potency. Our results demonstrate that long-range transported desert dust amplifies the hazardousness of local air pollution and suggest that, in PM2.5, iron and manganese may be important. Our data indicate that endotoxins are contained in local and long-range transported PM10 but only explain the variability in inflammatory potency of local PM10. The increasing inflammatory potency of respirable and inhalable PM from desert dust events warrants regulatory measures and risk mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany
| | - Eduardo J Dos S Souza
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Claudia Wigmann
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Permoserstr. 15, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, Germany.
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Jirau-Colón H, Jiménez-Vélez BD. PM 2.5 Extracts Induce INFγ-Independent Activation of CIITA, MHCII, and Increases Inflammation in Human Bronchial Epithelium. TOXICS 2024; 12:292. [PMID: 38668515 PMCID: PMC11054084 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The capacity of particulate matter (PM) to enhance and stimulate the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators has been previously demonstrated in non-antigen-presenting cells (human bronchial epithelia). Nonetheless, many proposed mechanisms for this are extrapolated from known canonical molecular pathways. This work evaluates a possible mechanism for inflammatory exacerbation after exposure to PM2.5 (from Puerto Rico) and CuSO4, using human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) as a model. The induction of CIITA, MHCII genes, and various pro-inflammatory mediators was investigated. Among these, the phosphorylation of STAT1 Y701 was significantly induced after 4 h of PM2.5 exposure, concurrent with a slight increase in CIITA and HLA-DRα mRNA levels. INFγ mRNA levels remained low amidst exposure time, while IL-6 levels significantly increased at earlier times. IL-8 remained low, as expected from attenuation by IL-6 in the known INFγ-independent inflammation pathway. The effects of CuSO4 showed an increase in HLA-DRα expression after 8 h, an increase in STAT1 at 1 h, and RF1 at 8 h We hypothesize and show evidence that an inflammatory response due to PM2.5 extract exposure in human bronchial epithelia can be induced early via an alternate non-canonical pathway in the absence of INFγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Jirau-Colón
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, Biochemistry Department, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
| | - Braulio D. Jiménez-Vélez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, Biochemistry Department, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico
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Yu S, Wang X, Zhang R, Chen R, Ma L. A review on the potential risks and mechanisms of heavy metal exposure to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 684:149124. [PMID: 37897914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic disease that affects patients as well as the health and economic stability of society as a whole. At the same time, heavy metal pollution is widely recognized as having a possible impact on the environment and human health. Therefore, these diseases have become important global public health issues. In recent years, researchers have shown great interest in the potential association between heavy metal exposure and the development of COPD, and there has been a substantial increase in the number of related studies. However, we still face the challenge of developing a comprehensive and integrated understanding of this complex association. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate the existing epidemiological studies to clarify the association between heavy metal exposure and COPD. In addition, we will discuss the biological mechanisms between the two to better understand the multiple molecular pathways and possible mechanisms of action involved, and provide additional insights for the subsequent identification of potential strategies to prevent and control the effects of heavy metal exposure on the development of COPD in individuals and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Yu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Rongxuan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The Second People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, 730030, China
| | - Rentong Chen
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Bredeck G, Dobner J, Stahlmecke B, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Rossi A, Schins RPF. Saharan dust induces NLRP3-dependent inflammatory cytokines in an alveolar air-liquid interface co-culture model. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:39. [PMID: 37864207 PMCID: PMC10588053 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have related desert dust events to increased respiratory morbidity and mortality. Although the Sahara is the largest source of desert dust, Saharan dust (SD) has been barely examined in toxicological studies. Here, we aimed to assess the NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1-pathway-dependent pro-inflammatory potency of SD in comparison to crystalline silica (DQ12 quartz) in an advanced air-liquid interface (ALI) co-culture model. Therefore, we exposed ALI co-cultures of alveolar epithelial A549 cells and macrophage-like differentiated THP-1 cells to 10, 21, and 31 µg/cm² SD and DQ12 for 24 h using a Vitrocell Cloud system. Additionally, we exposed ALI co-cultures containing caspase (CASP)1-/- and NLRP3-/- THP-1 cells to SD. RESULTS Characterization of nebulized DQ12 and SD revealed that over 90% of agglomerates of both dusts were smaller than 2.5 μm. Characterization of the ALI co-culture model revealed that it produced surfactant protein C and that THP-1 cells remained viable at the ALI. Moreover, wild type, CASP1-/-, and NLRP3-/- THP-1 cells had comparable levels of the surface receptors cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and TLR4. Exposing ALI co-cultures to non-cytotoxic doses of DQ12 and SD did not induce oxidative stress marker gene expression. SD but not DQ12 upregulated gene expressions of interleukin 1 Beta (IL1B), IL6, and IL8 as well as releases of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Exposing wild type, CASP1-/-, and NLRP3-/- co-cultures to SD induced IL1B gene expression in all co-cultures whereas IL-1β release was only induced in wild type co-cultures. In CASP1-/- and NLRP3-/- co-cultures, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα releases were also reduced. CONCLUSIONS Since surfactants can decrease the toxicity of poorly soluble particles, the higher potency of SD than DQ12 in this surfactant-producing ALI model emphasizes the importance of readily soluble SD components such as microbial compounds. The higher potency of SD than DQ12 also renders SD a potential alternative particulate positive control for studies addressing acute inflammatory effects. The high pro-inflammatory potency depending on NLRP3, CASP-1, and IL-1β suggests that SD causes acute lung injury which may explain desert dust event-related increased respiratory morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jochen Dobner
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Burkhard Stahlmecke
- Institut für Umwelt & Energie, Technik & Analytik e. V. (IUTA), 47229, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Honda A, Inoue KI, Higashihara M, Ichinose T, Ueda K, Takano H. Differential Pattern of Cell Death and ROS Production in Human Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to Quinones Combined with Heated-PM2.5 and/or Asian Sand Dust. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10544. [PMID: 37445720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined toxicological effects of airborne particulate matter (PM), such as PM2.5, and Asian sand dust (ASD), with surrounding chemicals, particularly quinones, on human airway epithelial cells remain underexplored. In this study, we established an in vitro combination exposure model using 1,2-naphthoquinones (NQ) and 9,10-phenanthroquinones (PQ) along with heated PM (h-PM2.5 and h-ASD) to investigate their potential synergistic effects. The impacts of quinones and heated PM on tetrazolium dye (WST-1) reduction, cell death, and cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were examined. Results revealed that exposure to 9,10-PQ with h-PM2.5 and/or h-ASD dose-dependently increased WST-1 reduction at 1 μM compared to the corresponding control while markedly decreasing it at 10 μM. Higher early apoptotic, late apoptotic, or necrotic cell numbers were detected in 9,10-PQ + h-PM2.5 exposure than in 9,10-PQ + h-ASD or 9,10-PQ + h-PM2.5 + h-ASD. Additionally, 1,2-NQ + h-PM2.5 exposure also resulted in an increase in cell death compared to 1,2-NQ + h-ASD and 1,2-NQ + h-PM2.5 + h-ASD. Quinones with or without h-PM2.5, h-ASD, or h-PM2.5 + h-ASD significantly increased ROS production, especially with h-PM2.5. Our findings suggest that quinones, at relatively low concentrations, induce cell death synergistically in the presence of h-PM2.5 rather than h-ASD and h-PM2.5 + h-ASD, partially through the induction of apoptosis with increased ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Honda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Inoue
- School of Nursing, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | | | - Takamichi Ichinose
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
- Department of Health Science, Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita 870-1201, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Department of Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
- Institute for International Academic Research, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 615-8577, Japan
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Bredeck G, Busch M, Rossi A, Stahlmecke B, Fomba KW, Herrmann H, Schins RPF. Inhalable Saharan dust induces oxidative stress, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and inflammatory cytokine release. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107732. [PMID: 36680803 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Desert dust is increasingly recognized as a major air pollutant affecting respiratory health. Since desert dust exposure cannot be regulated, the hazardousness of its components must be understood to enable health risk mitigation strategies. Saharan dust (SD) comprises about half of the global desert dust and contains quartz, a toxic mineral dust that is known to cause severe lung diseases via oxidative stress and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome-interleukin-1β pathway. We aimed to assess the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of SD responsible for toxic effects. Also, we studied the oxidative and pro-inflammatory potential of SD in alveolar epithelial cells and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophage-like cells in comparison to quartz dusts and synthetic amorphous silica (SAS). Characterization revealed that SD contained Fe, Al, trace metals, sulfate, diatomaceous earth, and endotoxin and had the capacity to generate hydroxyl radicals. We exposed A549 lung epithelial cells and wild-type and NLRP3-/- THP-1 macrophage-like cells to SD, three well-investigated quartz dusts, and SAS. SD induced oxidative stress in A549 cells after 24 h more potently than the quartz dusts. The quartz dusts and SAS upregulated interleukin 8 expression after 4 h and 24 h while SD only caused a transient upregulation. SD, the quartz dusts, and SAS induced interleukin-1β release from wild-type THP-1 cells>20-fold stronger than from NLRP3-/- THP-1 cells. Interleukin-1β release was lower for SD, in which microbial components including endotoxin were heat-destructed. In conclusion, microbial components in SD are pivotal for its toxicity. In the epithelium, the effects of SD contrasted with crystalline and amorphous silica in terms of potency and persistence. In macrophages, the strong involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome emphasizes the acute and chronic health risks associated with desert dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Bredeck
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mathias Busch
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Rossi
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Burkhard Stahlmecke
- Institute for Energy and Environmental Technology e.V. (IUTA), Duisburg, Germany
| | - Khanneh Wadinga Fomba
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roel P F Schins
- IUF - Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Moufarrej L, Verdin A, Cazier F, Ledoux F, Courcot D. Oxidative stress response in pulmonary cells exposed to different fractions of PM 2.5-0.3 from urban, traffic and industrial sites. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114572. [PMID: 36244444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between oxidative stress damages and particulate matter (PM) chemical composition, sources, and PM fractions. PM2.5-0.3 (PM with equivalent aerodynamic diameter between 2.5 and 0.3 μm) were collected at urban, road traffic and industrial sites in the North of France, and were characterized for major and minor chemical species. Four different fractions (whole PM2.5-0.3, organic, water-soluble and non-extractable matter) were considered for each of the PM2.5-0.3 samples from the three sites. After exposure of BEAS-2B cells to the four different fractions, oxidative stress was studied in cells by quantifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, oxidative damage to proteins (carbonylated proteins), membrane alteration (8-isoprostane) and DNA damages (8-OHdG). Whole PM2.5-0.3 was capable of inducing ROS overproduction and caused damage to proteins at higher levels than other fractions. Stronger cell membrane and DNA damages were found associated with PM and organic fractions from the urban site. ROS overproduction was correlated with level of expression of carbonylated proteins, DNA damages and membrane alteration markers. The PM2.5-0.3 collected under industrial influence appears to be the less linked to cell damages and ROS production in comparison with the other influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Moufarrej
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Anthony Verdin
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France.
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, 145 Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140, Dunkerque, France
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8
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Gao Y, Fan X, Gu W, Ci X, Peng L. Hyperoside relieves particulate matter-induced lung injury by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy deregulation. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105561. [PMID: 33737241 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy-mediated cell death plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of PMs-induced lung injury. Hyperoside (Hyp), a flavonoid glycosides, is known to exert protective effects on many diseases by inhibiting autophagic activity. The current study aimed to explore the protective effect and mechanism of Hyp against PMs-induced lung injury in PM2.5 challenged Beas-2b cells in vitro and BALB/C mice in vivo. In vitro, we found that the organic solvent-extractable fraction of SRM1649b (O-PMs) caused more severe cytotoxicity in Beas-2b cells than the water solvent-extractable fraction of SRM1649b (W-PMs). O-PMs treatment dose-dependently upregulated the expression of autophagy markers (beclin-1, p62, atg3 and LC3II) and apoptotic proteins. This cytotoxicity of O-PMs was attenuated by Hyp pretreatment in parallel with downregulation of the expression of autophagy markers, apoptotic proteins, and p-AMPK and upregulation of p-mTOR expression. Notably, the therapeutic effect of Hyp was attenuated by pretreated with AICAR (an AMPK inducer), but enhanced by CC and 3-MA treatment. In vivo, Hyp reduced pathological lung injury and decreased the levels of PMs-induced inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), and the number of total cells in the BALF by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR signaling. Furthermore, cotreatment with AICAR (500 mg/kg) reduced but did not abrogate the pulmonary protective effect of Hyp. These findings indicate that Hyp protects against PMs-induced lung injury by suppressing autophagy deregulation and apoptosis through regulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoye Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjing Gu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Liping Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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9
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Mazuryk O, Stochel G, Brindell M. Variations in Reactive Oxygen Species Generation by Urban Airborne Particulate Matter in Lung Epithelial Cells-Impact of Inorganic Fraction. Front Chem 2021; 8:581752. [PMID: 33392147 PMCID: PMC7773840 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.581752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with numerous negative effects on human health. The toxicity of organic components of air pollution is well-recognized, while the impact of their inorganic counterparts in the overall toxicity is still a matter of various discussions. The influence of airborne particulate matter (PM) and their inorganic components on biological function of human alveolar-like epithelial cells (A549) was investigated in vitro. A novel treatment protocol based on covering culture plates with PM allowed increasing the studied pollutant concentrations and prolonging their incubation time without cell exposure on physical suffocation and mechanical disturbance. PM decreased the viability of A549 cells and disrupted their mitochondrial membrane potential and calcium homeostasis. For the first time, the difference in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) profiles generated by organic and inorganic counterparts of PM was shown. Singlet oxygen generation was observed only after treatment of cells with inorganic fraction of PM, while hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical were induced after exposure of A549 cells to both PM and their inorganic fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Mazuryk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grazyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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10
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Liu Z, Li Y, Yu L, Chang Y, Yu J. Penehyclidine hydrochloride inhibits renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury by activating the Nrf2 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:13400-13421. [PMID: 32652517 PMCID: PMC7377887 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor (NF)-κB and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathways promote inflammatory signaling that injures the kidneys, whereas the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway promotes anti-inflammatory signaling that inhibits oxidative damage. Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) inhibits NF-κB and activates Nrf2 signaling. We investigated whether PHC induces communication between the Nrf2 and NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways, thereby protecting against renal ischemia/reperfusion (rI/R)-induced lung inflammation. Rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383 cells) were stimulated for 24 h with PHC with or without brusatol (a Nrf2 antagonist), after which they were treated for 4 h with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (10 mM). PHC Nrf2-dependently alleviated tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced reactive oxygen species production in alveolar macrophages. Additionally, wild-type and Nrf2-/- rats were each divided into four groups: (1) sham, (2) PHC (1 mg/kg), (3) rI/R and (4) rI/R + PHC (1 mg/kg). PHC markedly induced the Nrf2 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathways and suppressed rI/R-induced NF-κB and NLRP3 activation in the lungs. Nrf2 deficiency diminished the ability of PHC to ameliorate rI/R-induced histopathological alterations and reactive oxygen species release in the lungs; however, PHC inhibited NLRP3 signaling Nrf2-dependently, while it inhibited NF-κB signaling Nrf2-independently. Our findings demonstrate the beneficial effects of PHC on rI/R-induced lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yulin Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Jingui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Nääv Å, Erlandsson L, Isaxon C, Åsander Frostner E, Ehinger J, Sporre MK, Krais AM, Strandberg B, Lundh T, Elmér E, Malmqvist E, Hansson SR. Urban PM2.5 Induces Cellular Toxicity, Hormone Dysregulation, Oxidative Damage, Inflammation, and Mitochondrial Interference in the HRT8 Trophoblast Cell Line. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:75. [PMID: 32226408 PMCID: PMC7080655 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Epidemiological studies have found air pollution to be a driver of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes, low term birth weight and preeclampsia. It is unknown what biological mechanisms are involved in this process. A first trimester trophoblast cell line (HTR-8/SVneo) was exposed to various concentrations of PM2.5 (PM2.5) in order to elucidate the effect of urban particulate matter (PM) of size <2.5 μm on placental function. Methods: PM2.5 were collected at a site representative of urban traffic and dispersed in cell media by indirect and direct sonication. The HTR-8 cells were grown under standard conditions. Cellular uptake was studied after 24 and 48 h of exposure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was measured by ELISA. Changes in membrane integrity and H2O2 production were analyzed using the CellToxTM Green Cytotoxicity and ROSGloTM assays. Protease activity was evaluated by MitoToxTM assay. Mitochondrial function was assessed through high resolution respirometry in an Oroboros O2k-FluoRespirometer, and mitochondrial content was quantified by citrate synthase activity. Results: TEM analysis depicted PM2.5 cellular uptake and localization of the PM2.5 to the mitochondria after 24 h. The cells showed aggregated cytoskeleton and generalized necrotic appearance, such as chromatin condensation, organelle swelling and signs of lost membrane integrity. The mitochondria displayed vacuolization and disruption of cristae morphology. At 48 h exposure, a significant drop in hCG secretion and a significant increase in progesterone secretion and IL-6 production occurred. At 48 h exposure, a five-fold increase in protease activity and a significant alteration of H2O2 production was observed. The HTR-8 cells exhibited evidence of increased cytotoxicity with increasing exposure time and dose of PM2.5. No significant difference in mitochondrial respiration or mitochondrial mass could be demonstrated. Conclusion: Following exposure to air pollution, intracellular accumulation of PM may contribute to the placental dysfunction associated with pregnancy outcomes, such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, through their direct and indirect effects on trophoblast protein secretion, hormone regulation, inflammatory response, and mitochondrial interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Nääv
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Åsa Nääv
| | - Lena Erlandsson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christina Isaxon
- Department of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Johannes Ehinger
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Moa K. Sporre
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annette M. Krais
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institution of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Strandberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institution of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Lundh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institution of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan R. Hansson
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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12
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Wang R, Cao L, Shen ZX, Cao YX, Yu J. PM 2.5 upregulates rat mesenteric arteries 5-HT 2A receptor via inflammatory-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:1094-1104. [PMID: 31199065 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) is an important environmental risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, little is known about the effects of PM2.5 on arteries. The present study investigated whether PM2.5 alters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor expression and inflammatory mediators on rat mesenteric arteries, and examined the underlying mechanisms. Isolated rat mesenteric arteries segments were cultured with PM2.5 in the presence or absence of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 pathway inhibitors. Contractile reactivity was monitored by a sensitive myograph. The expression of 5-HT2A/1B receptors and inflammatory mediators were studied by a real-time polymerase chain reaction and/or by immunohistochemistry. The phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway was detected by Western blot. Compared with the fresh or culture alone groups, 1.0 μg/mL PM2.5 cultured for 16 hours significantly enhanced contractile response induced by 5-HT and increased 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and protein expressions, indicating PM2.5 upregulates 5-HT2A receptor. SB203580 (p38 inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK1/2 inhibitor) significantly decreased PM2.5 -induced elevated contraction and mRNA and protein expression of 5-HT2A receptor. Cultured with PM2.5 significantly increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators (NOS2, IL-1β, and TNF-α), while SB203580 decreased mRNA expression level of NOS2, IL-1β, and TNF-α. SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) decreased mRNA expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β. After PM2.5 exposure, the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 protein were increased. SB203580 and U0126 inhibited the PM2.5 caused increased phosphorylation protein of p38 and ERK1/2. In conclusion, PM2.5 induces inflammatory-mediated MAPK pathway in artery which subsequently results in enhanced vascular contraction responding to 5-HT via the upregulated 5-HT2A receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen-Xing Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Central Laboratory, Xi'an International Medical Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Holden P, Nair LS. Deferoxamine: An Angiogenic and Antioxidant Molecule for Tissue Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2019; 25:461-470. [PMID: 31184273 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Deferoxamine (DFO) has been in use for half a century as a Food and Drug Administration-approved iron chelator, but recent studies indicate a variety of properties that could expand this drug's application into the fields of tissue and regenerative engineering. DFO has been implicated as an angiogenic agent in studies on ischemia, wound healing, and bone regeneration because of its ability to upregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and other key downstream angiogenic factors. DFO has also demonstrated antioxidant capabilities unrelated to its iron-chelating properties, making it a potential modulator of the oxidative stress involved in the inflammation response. Together, these properties make DFO a potential bioactive molecule to promote wound healing and enhance tissue integration of biomaterials in vivo. Impact Statement Deferoxamine (DFO) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration as an iron chelator and is been used to treat iron overload. Recent studies indicate that DFO may have important applications in the growing field of tissue regeneration because of its unique properties of downregulating inflammation while promoting vascularization, thereby enhancing wound healing in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Holden
- The Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- The Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.,Department of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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14
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Kinetics of ROS generation induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic extracts from ambient air particulate matter in model human lung cell lines. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 827:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Pomatto LCD, Davies KJA. The role of declining adaptive homeostasis in ageing. J Physiol 2017; 595:7275-7309. [PMID: 29028112 PMCID: PMC5730851 DOI: 10.1113/jp275072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive homeostasis is "the transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range for any given physiological parameter in response to exposure to sub-toxic, non-damaging, signalling molecules or events, or the removal or cessation of such molecules or events" (Davies, 2016). Adaptive homeostasis enables biological systems to make continuous short-term adjustments for optimal functioning despite ever-changing internal and external environments. Initiation of adaptation in response to an appropriate signal allows organisms to successfully cope with much greater, normally toxic, stresses. These short-term responses are initiated following effective signals, including hypoxia, cold shock, heat shock, oxidative stress, exercise-induced adaptation, caloric restriction, osmotic stress, mechanical stress, immune response, and even emotional stress. There is now substantial literature detailing a decline in adaptive homeostasis that, unfortunately, appears to manifest with ageing, especially in the last third of the lifespan. In this review, we present the hypothesis that one hallmark of the ageing process is a significant decline in adaptive homeostasis capacity. We discuss the mechanistic importance of diminished capacity for short-term (reversible) adaptive responses (both biochemical and signal transduction/gene expression-based) to changing internal and external conditions, for short-term survival and for lifespan and healthspan. Studies of cultured mammalian cells, worms, flies, rodents, simians, apes, and even humans, all indicate declining adaptive homeostasis as a potential contributor to age-dependent senescence, increased risk of disease, and even mortality. Emerging work points to Nrf2-Keap1 signal transduction pathway inhibitors, including Bach1 and c-Myc, both of whose tissue concentrations increase with age, as possible major causes for age-dependent loss of adaptive homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. D. Pomatto
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
| | - Kelvin J. A. Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of LettersArts & Sciences: the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089‐0191USA
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Xiong Q, Ru Q, Chen L, Tian X, Li C. Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory response in the cytotoxicity of NR8383 macrophages induced by fine particulate matter. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 55:1-7. [PMID: 28787644 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (fine PM) is known to cause severe public health problems. However, the potential mechanisms of alveolar macrophages cytotoxicity induced by fine PM exposure are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if both the mitochondrial dysfunction and the inflammatory response of NR8383 macrophages were triggered by Standard Reference Material 2786 (SRM 2786) for fine PM. NR8383 cells were exposed to different concentrations of SRM 2786, mitochondrial membrane potential, ultrastructure of mitochondria, activities of caspase 3/9, release of IL-6/TNF-α, expression of NF-κB and IκBα were evaluated. The results indicated that SRM 2786 induced mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9, and structural damages of mitochondria with dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential. The inflammatory response was triggered as evidenced by increased release of IL-6/TNF-α, and increased protein expression of NF-κB with decreased protein expression of IκBα. Consequently, these data indicate that both mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory responses might be responsible for SRM 2786 induced macrophage cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiong
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
| | - Qin Ru
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
| | - Xiang Tian
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
| | - Chaoying Li
- Wuhan Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China; Hanjea Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Hanjea (Wuhan) Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430000, China.
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Selective ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily C Gene Expression and Proinflammatory Mediators Released by BEAS-2B after PM 2.5, Budesonide, and Cotreated Exposures. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:6827194. [PMID: 28900313 PMCID: PMC5576432 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6827194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette subfamily C (ABCC) genes code for phase III metabolism proteins that translocate xenobiotic (e.g., particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5)) and drug metabolites outside the cells. IL-6 secretion is related with the activation of the ABCC transporters. This study assesses ABCC1–4 gene expression changes and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-8) release in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to PM2.5 organic extract, budesonide (BUD, used to control inflammation in asthmatic patients), and a cotreatment (Co-T: PM2.5 and BUD). A real-time PCR assay shows that ABCC1 was upregulated in BEAS-2B exposed after 6 and 7 hr to PM2.5 extract or BUD but downregulated after 6 hr of the Co-T. ABCC3 was downregulated after 6 hr of BUD and upregulated after 6 hr of the Co-T exposures. ABCC4 was upregulated after 5 hr of PM2.5 extract, BUD, and the Co-T exposures. The cytokine assay revealed an increase in IL-6 release by BEAS-2B exposed after 5 hr to PM2.5 extract, BUD, and the Co-T. At 7 hr, the Co-T decreases IL-6 release and IL-8 at 6 hr. In conclusion, the cotreatment showed an opposite effect on exposed BEAS-2B as compared with BUD. The results suggest an interference of the BUD therapeutic potential by PM2.5.
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18
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Honda A, Chowdhury PH, Ito S, Okano H, Onishi T, Kawaryu Y, Ueda K, Takano H. Synergic effects of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and cadmium on pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:276-279. [PMID: 28477472 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the synergic effects of components of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) on airway inflammation. Co-exposure to cadmium (Cd) and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (9,10-PQ) additively/synergistically increased pro-inflammatory responses in airway epithelial cells, whereas co-exposure to Cd and phenanthrene resulted in no acceleration. These results suggest that the combination of metal and a quinone derivative can contribute to the exacerbation of respiratory diseases by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Honda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Pratiti Home Chowdhury
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Ito
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshinori Onishi
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawaryu
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Honda A, Fukushima W, Oishi M, Tsuji K, Sawahara T, Hayashi T, Kudo H, Kashima Y, Takahashi K, Sasaki H, Ueda K, Takano H. Effects of Components of PM 2.5 Collected in Japan on the Respiratory and Immune Systems. Int J Toxicol 2017; 36:153-164. [PMID: 28056587 DOI: 10.1177/1091581816682224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have reported that particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) affect respiratory diseases, including asthma. The components and/or factors of PM2.5 that contribute to the exacerbation of asthma have not been identified. We investigated the effects of extracts of PM2.5 collected in Japan on the respiratory and immune systems. PM2.5 was collected from an industrial area and an urban area in December 2013. Airway epithelial cells and immune cells were exposed to aqueous or organic extracts of PM2.5. Exposure to extracts from both areas, especially to organic extracts rather than aqueous extracts, caused a pro-inflammatory response via interleukin (IL) 6 production from airway epithelial cells, and it induced the maturation/activation of bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells via dendritic and epithelial cell (DEC) 205 and cluster of differentiation (CD) 86 expression and proportional changes in the constitution of the splenocytes. The extracts collected from the industrial area tended to show greater effects than those from the urban area. These results suggest that organic components of PM2.5 affect the respiratory and immune systems. These effects can differ by the collection areas. In addition, IL-6, DEC205, and CD86 can be predictive biomarkers for the respiratory and immune effects of ambient PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Honda
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wataru Fukushima
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mizuki Oishi
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenshi Tsuji
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sawahara
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Hayashi
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kudo
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Kashima
- 2 Japan Environmental Sanitation Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Sasaki
- 2 Japan Environmental Sanitation Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kayo Ueda
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- 1 Environmental Health Division, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Zhao M, Wang FSL, Hu XS, Chen F, Chan HM. Effect of acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in a primary astrocytes/microglial co-culture model. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 39:119-125. [PMID: 27836571 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA), is a common food contaminant generated by heat processing. Astrocytes and microglia are the two major glial cell types in the brain that play pivotal but different roles in maintaining optimal brain function. The objective of this study is to investigate the neurotoxicity of AA, using a primary astrocytes/microglia co-culture model. Co-cultural cells obtained from Balb/c mice were cultured and treated with 0-1.0mM AA for 24-96h. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxidative end produces formation and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. The expression of nuclear-E2-related factor 2(Nrf2), and nuclear factor kappa-beta (NF-κB) and selected down-stream genes were measured. Results showed that AA treatment led toa dose-dependent toxicity. Oxidative stress was induced as indicated by an increase of ROS, a decrease of GSH levels, and an increase in the formation of 4-hydroxynonenal-adduct and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine-adduct. Both Nrf2 and NF-κB pathway contributed to the initiation of oxidative stress but the timing of two factors was different. Nrf2 and its related downstream genes were activated earlier than that in NF-κB pathway. In conclusion, AA-induced neurotoxicity attribute to oxidative stress via Nrf2 and NF-κB pathway. Moreover, the co-culture cell model was proven to be a viable model to study AA neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Fu Sheng Lewis Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Xiao Song Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hing Man Chan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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Ortiz-Martínez MG, Frías-Belén O, Nazario-Jiménez S, López-Quintero M, Rodríguez-Cotto RI, Jiménez-Vélez BD. A case-control study of innate immunity pathway gene polymorphisms in Puerto Ricans reveals association of toll-like receptor 2 +596 variant with asthma. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16:112. [PMID: 27495363 PMCID: PMC4974724 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many years, African Dust Storms (ADE) has been thought to be associated with high prevalence of asthma in Puerto Rico (PR). Endotoxins (ENX) have been associated with ADE particulate matter (PM) and are known to promote pro-inflammatory responses in lung cells of susceptible individuals through the Toll-like receptor (TLR2/4) signaling pathways. Genetic variants are plausible contributors to such susceptibility. Therefore, we have evaluated a series of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR genes, which have been correlated positive and negatively to asthma prevalence and/or risk, in the Puerto Rican asthmatic population. METHODS The following SNPs were evaluated in 62 asthmatics and 61 controls through Taqman® Real Time PCR Assay: TLR4 (+896A/G, +1196C/T, -6687A/G); TLR2 (+596C/T, -16934 T/A, +399A/G, +1349C/T) and CD14 (-159C/T, +1188C/G). Genotypes were assessed for asthma association employing an odds ratio (OR) analysis. RESULTS Minor allele frequencies (n = 123) were determined for those variants as 0.07, 0.06, 0.35, 0.35, 0.37, 0.29, 0.04, 0.35 and 0.11, respectively. Two (+596C/T, +399A/G) TLR2 SNPs showed to be more represented in the asthmatic group by 89 % and 65 %, respectively. TLR4 SNP +896A/G analysis revealed only 1 G/G genotype (2 %) on the asthmatic group. The CD14 SNPs were similarly represented in the Puerto Rican population. Only the TLR2 +596 SNP was found to be significantly associated to asthma (OR = 3.24 for CT, 2.71 for TT) and particularly to females. CONCLUSIONS The identification of TLR SNPs will reveal potential candidates for gene-environment interactions in Puerto Ricans. As far as we know this is the first study to evaluate this type of TLR gene polymorphisms in Puerto Rican asthmatics, contributing to the current knowledge in the Hispanic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario G Ortiz-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus Main Bldg Lab B-210, San Juan, 00935, Puerto Rico, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao, Humacao, Puerto Rico, USA
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Orquídea Frías-Belén
- School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Sylvette Nazario-Jiménez
- Department of Allergy and Immunology and School of Medicine Clinics, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - María López-Quintero
- Department of Internal Medicine and School of Medicine Clinics, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, 00935, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Rosa I Rodríguez-Cotto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus Main Bldg Lab B-210, San Juan, 00935, Puerto Rico, USA
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Braulio D Jiménez-Vélez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus Main Bldg Lab B-210, San Juan, 00935, Puerto Rico, USA.
- Center for Environmental and Toxicological Research, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.
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Linking Endotoxins, African Dust PM10 and Asthma in an Urban and Rural Environment of Puerto Rico. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:784212. [PMID: 26681839 PMCID: PMC4670654 DOI: 10.1155/2015/784212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
African Dust Events (ADE) are a seasonal phenomenon that has been suggested to exacerbate respiratory and proinflammatory diseases in Puerto Rico (PR). Increases in PM10 concentration and the effects of biological endotoxins (ENX) are critical factors to consider during these storms. ENX promote proinflammatory responses in lungs of susceptible individuals through activation of the Toll-like receptors (TLR2/4) signaling pathways. The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicological and proinflammatory responses stimulated by ADE PM10 ENX reaching PR using human bronchial epithelial cells. PM10 organic extracts from a rural and urban site in PR (March 2004) were obtained from ADE and non-ADE and compared. A retrospective data analysis (PM10 concentration, aerosol images, and pediatric asthma claims) was performed from 2000 to 2012 with particular emphasis in 2004 to classify PM samples. Urban extracts were highly toxic, proinflammatory (IL-6/IL-8 secretion), and induced higher TLR4 expression and NF-κB activation compared to rural extracts. ENX were found to contribute to cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses provoked by urban ADE PM10 exposure suggesting a synergistic potency of local and natural ENX incoming from ADE. The contribution of ADE PM10 ENX is valuable in order to understand interactions and action mechanisms of airborne pollutants as asthma triggers in PR.
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Li N, Buglak N. Convergence of air pollutant-induced redox-sensitive signals in the dendritic cells contributes to asthma pathogenesis. Toxicol Lett 2015; 237:55-60. [PMID: 26026960 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is a major risk factor for allergic airway inflammation such as asthma. Many of the PM components (i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals) are redox-active and capable of inducing cellular oxidative stress and injuries including inflammation and cell death. Airway epithelial cells and antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) are the major and direct targets of inhaled PM. The epithelial cells can further enhance the DC response to allergen and PM through several immune regulatory cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-33, and IL-25. Among these cytokines TSLP is particularly relevant to the mechanisms by which particulate air pollutants contribute to asthma pathogenesis. Studies have found that TSLP released by PM-exposed human airway epithelial cells could polarize the DC towards a T-helper 2 immune response, which is one of the key immunological mechanisms in asthma pathogenesis. The convergence of regulatory signals generated by PM-induced oxidative stress in DC and the interactions among them may be one of the major mechanisms that are specifically related to the contribution of PM towards asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Nicholas Buglak
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI, USA
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