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Nair RR, Seo EW, Hong S, Jung KO, Kim D. Pentafluorobenzene: Promising Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4081-4099. [PMID: 37721519 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Pentafluorobenzene (PFB) represents a class of aromatic fluorine compounds employed exclusively across a spectrum of chemical and biological applications. PFBs are credited with developing various chemical synthesis techniques, networks and biopolymers, bioactive materials, and targeted drug delivery systems. The first part of this review delves into recent developments in PFB-derived molecules for diagnostic purposes. In the latter segment, PFB's role in the domain of theragnostic applications is discussed. The review elucidates different mechanisms and interaction strategies applied in leveraging PFBs to formulate diagnostic and theragnostic tools, substantiated by proper examples. The utilization of PFBs emerges as an enabler, facilitating manifold reactions, improving materials' properties, and even opening avenues for explorative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratish R Nair
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Seo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongje Hong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Oh Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Core Research Institute (CRI), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- UC San Diego Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Brain Technology, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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2
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Shannon DP, Moon JD, Barney CW, Sinha NJ, Yang KC, Jones SD, Garcia RV, Helgeson ME, Segalman RA, Valentine MT, Hawker CJ. Modular Synthesis and Patterning of High-Stiffness Networks by Postpolymerization Functionalization with Iron–Catechol Complexes. Macromolecules 2023; 56:2268-2276. [PMID: 37013083 PMCID: PMC10064740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired iron-catechol cross-links have shown remarkable success in increasing the mechanical properties of polymer networks, in part due to clustering of Fe3+-catechol domains which act as secondary network reinforcing sites. We report a versatile synthetic procedure to prepare modular PEG-acrylate networks with independently tunable covalent bis(acrylate) and supramolecular Fe3+-catechol cross-linking. Initial control of network structure is achieved through radical polymerization and cross-linking, followed by postpolymerization incorporation of catechol units via quantitative active ester chemistry and subsequent complexation with iron salts. By tuning the ratio of each building block, dual cross-linked networks reinforced by clustered iron-catechol domains are prepared and exhibit a wide range of properties (Young's moduli up to ∼245 MPa), well beyond the values achieved through purely covalent cross-linking. This stepwise approach to mixed covalent and metal-ligand cross-linked networks also permits local patterning of PEG-based films through masking techniques forming distinct hard, soft, and gradient regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan P. Shannon
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Joshua D. Moon
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Christopher W. Barney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Nairiti J. Sinha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Kai-Chieh Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Seamus D. Jones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Ronnie V. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Matthew E. Helgeson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Megan T. Valentine
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5070, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5121, United States
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3
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Park J, Nam J, Seo M, Li S. Side-Chain Density Driven Morphology Transition in Brush-Linear Diblock Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:468-474. [PMID: 35575336 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and self-assembly of brush-linear diblock copolymers with variable side-chain length and density. Poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate-g-ethylene glycol)-b-polystyrene ((PPFPA-g-PEG)-b-PS) brush-linear diblock copolymers are prepared by sequential reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of PPFPA and PS, followed by postpolymerization reaction between the precursor PPFPA-b-PS diblock copolymer and amine-functionalized PEG. By controlling the PEG chain length and the degree of substitution, we obtained brush-linear diblock copolymers with different side-chain lengths and densities. The solid-state morphologies of the diblocks are then examined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). At low PEG side-chain density, the segregation of PEG and PS away from PPFPA leads to the formation of PEG and PS lamellar domains with PPFPA in the interface. At high PEG side-chain density, the segregation is between the PPFPA-g-PEG brush block and the PS linear block, and the domain morphology is determined by the composition of the brush block. A partial experimental phase diagram is presented, and it illustrates the importance of both side-chain length and density on the microdomain morphology of brush-linear diblock copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Nontoxic double-network polymeric hybrid aerogel functionalized with reduced graphene oxide: Preparation, characterization, and evaluation as drug delivery agent. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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5
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Shi SY, Zhang GY. Click-formed polymer gels with aggregation-induced emission and dual stimuli-responsive behaviors. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2006090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-yu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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6
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Moon JD, Sujanani R, Geng Z, Freeman BD, Segalman RA, Hawker CJ. Versatile Synthetic Platform for Polymer Membrane Libraries Using Functional Networks. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Moon
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Rahul Sujanani
- John J. McKetta Jr. Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhishuai Geng
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Benny D. Freeman
- John J. McKetta Jr. Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Rachel A. Segalman
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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7
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Alex J, Ulbrich J, Rosales-Guzmán M, Weber C, Schubert US, Guerrero-Sanchez C. Kinetic investigations on homo- and co-polymerizations of pentafluorophenyl (meth)acrylates. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Dailing EA, Kilchrist KV, Tierney JW, Fletcher RB, Evans BC, Duvall CL. Modifying Cell Membranes with Anionic Polymer Amphiphiles Potentiates Intracellular Delivery of Cationic Peptides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50222-50235. [PMID: 33124813 PMCID: PMC9082340 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, facile, and noncovalent cell membrane modification with alkyl-grafted anionic polymers was sought as an approach to enhance intracellular delivery and bioactivity of cationic peptides. We synthesized a library of acrylic acid-based copolymers containing varying amounts of an amine-reactive pentafluorophenyl acrylate monomer followed by postpolymerization modification with a series of alkyl amines to afford precise control over the length and density of aliphatic alkyl side chains. This synthetic strategy enabled systematic investigation of the effect of the polymer structure on membrane binding, potentiation of peptide cell uptake, pH-dependent disruption of lipid bilayers for endosome escape, and intracellular bioavailability. A subset of these polymers exhibited pKa of ∼6.8, which facilitated stable membrane association at physiological pH and rapid, pH-dependent endosomal disruption upon endocytosis as quantified in Galectin-8-YFP reporter cells. Cationic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) uptake was enhanced up to 15-fold in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro when peptide treatment was preceded by a 30-min pretreatment with lead candidate polymers. We also designed and implemented a new and highly sensitive assay for measuring the intracellular bioavailability of CPPs based on the NanoLuciferase (NanoLuc) technology previously developed for measuring intracellular protein-protein interactions. Using this split luciferase class of assay, polymer pretreatment enhanced intracellular delivery of the CPP-modified HiBiT peptide up to 30-fold relative to CPP-HiBiT without polymer pretreatment (p < 0.05). The overall structural analyses show that polymers containing 50:50 or 70:30 molar ratios of carboxyl groups to alkyl side chains of 6-8 carbons maximized peptide uptake, pH-dependent membrane disruption, and intracellular bioavailability and that this potentiation effect was maximized by pairing with CPPs with high cationic charge density. These results demonstrate a rapid, mild method for polymer modification of cell surfaces to potentiate intracellular delivery, endosome escape, and bioactivity of cationic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Dailing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - J William Tierney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - R Brock Fletcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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9
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Alex J, González K, Kindel T, Bellstedt P, Weber C, Heinekamp T, Orasch T, Guerrero-Sanchez C, Schubert US, Brakhage AA. Caspofungin Functionalized Polymethacrylates with Antifungal Properties. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2104-2115. [PMID: 32286800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of hydrophilic poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (PmPEGMA) and hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) caspofungin conjugates by a post-polymerization modification of copolymers containing 10 mol % pentafluorophenyl methacrylate (PFPMA), which were obtained via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer copolymerization. The coupling of the clinically used antifungal caspofungin was confirmed and quantified in detail by a combination of 1H-, 19F- and diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and size exclusion chromatography. The trifunctional amine-containing antifungal was attached via several amide bonds to the hydrophobic PMMA, but sterical hindrance induced by the mPEGMA side chains prohibited intramolecular double functionalization. Both polymer-drug conjugates revealed activity against important human-pathogenic fungi, that is, two strains of Aspergillus fumigatus and one strain of Candida albicans (2.5 mg L-1 < MEC < 8 mg L-1, MIC50 = 4 mg L-1), whereas RAW 264.7 macrophages as well as HeLa cells remained unaffected at these concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Alex
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Katherine González
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Till Kindel
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Peter Bellstedt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heinekamp
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Orasch
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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10
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Zaborniak I, Chmielarz P, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of Riboflavin‐Based Macromolecules through Low ppm ATRP in Aqueous Media. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zaborniak
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryRzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstańców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszów Poland
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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11
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Synthesis of zinc(II) complex-containing thermo-responsive copolymer based on activated ester functionalization and its catalysis application. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Ulrich S, Sadeghpour A, Rossi RM, Bruns N, Boesel LF. Wide Range of Functionalized Poly(N-alkyl acrylamide)-Based Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks via Active Ester Precursors. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ulrich
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Nico Bruns
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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13
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Noree S, Tangpasuthadol V, Kiatkamjornwong S, Hoven VP. Cascade post-polymerization modification of single pentafluorophenyl ester-bearing homopolymer as a facile route to redox-responsive nanogels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 501:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers respond to a variety of external stimuli, which include optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, redox, pH, chemical, environmental and biological signals. This paper is concerned with the process of forming such polymers by RAFT polymerization.
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16
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Das A, Theato P. Activated Ester Containing Polymers: Opportunities and Challenges for the Design of Functional Macromolecules. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1434-95. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Das
- Institute
for Technical and
Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute
for Technical and
Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Kristanti A, Batchelor R, Albuszis M, Yap J, Roth PJ. Temperature–heavy metal- and temperature–anion/molecule-responsive systems based on PEG acrylate copolymers containing dipyridyl ligands. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Li Y, Duong HTT, Laurent S, MacMillan A, Whan RM, Elst LV, Muller RN, Hu J, Lowe A, Boyer C, Davis TP. Nanoparticles based on star polymers as theranostic vectors: endosomal-triggered drug release combined with MRI sensitivity. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:148-56. [PMID: 24985790 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dual-functional star polymers (diameters 15 nm) are synthesized producing nanoparticles with excellent colloidal stability in both water and serum. The nanoparticles are built with aldehyde groups in the core and activated esters in the arms. The different reactivity of the two functional groups to sequentially react with different amino compounds is exploited; doxorubicin (DOX) and 1-(5-amino-3-aza-2-oxypentyl)-4,7,10-tris(tert-butoxycarbonylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (DO3A-tBu-NH2 )-a chelating agent effective for the complexation of Gadolinium ions (Gd). The activated ester group is employed to attach the DO3A chelating agent, while the aldehyde groups are exploited for DOX conjugation, providing a controlled release mechanism for DOX in acidic environments. DOX/Gd-loaded nanoparticles are rapidly taken up by MCF-7 breast cancer cells, subsequently releasing DOX as demonstrated using in vitro fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). Endosomal, DOX release is observed, using a phasor plot representation of the fluorescence lifetime data, showing an increase of native DOX with time. The MRI properties of the stars are assessed and the relaxivity of Gd loaded in stars is three times higher than conventional organic Gd/DO3A complexes. The DOX/Gd-conjugated nanoparticles yield a similar IC50 to native DOX for breast cancer cell lines, confirming that DOX integrity is conserved during nanoparticle attachment and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Hien T. T. Duong
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Sophie Laurent
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry; University of Mons; 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Alexandre MacMillan
- Biomedical Imaging Facility; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Renee Megan Whan
- Biomedical Imaging Facility; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry; University of Mons; 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry; University of Mons; 7000 Mons Belgium
- CMMI - Center of Microscopy and Molecular Imaging; Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8 B-6041 Gosselies Belgium
| | - Jinming Hu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
| | - Andrew Lowe
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville Victoria 3052 Australia
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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19
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Zhang Q, Schattling P, Theato P, Hoogenboom R. UV-tunable upper critical solution temperature behavior of azobenzene containing poly(methyl methacrylate) in aqueous ethanol. Eur Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Roth PJ. Composing Well-Defined Stimulus-Responsive Materials Through Postpolymerization Modification Reactions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Roth
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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Roth PJ, Davis TP, Lowe AB. Novel α,α-Bischolesteryl Functional (Co)Polymers: RAFT Radical Polymerization Synthesis and Preliminary Solution Characterization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:813-20. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Roth
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Kensington, Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Monash University; Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
- Department of Chemistry; University of Warwick; Gibbet Hill Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Andrew B. Lowe
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering; University of New South Wales; Kensington, Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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Hayward AS, Eissa AM, Maltman D, Sano N, Przyborski SA, Cameron NR. Galactose-functionalized polyHIPE scaffolds for use in routine three dimensional culture of mammalian hepatocytes. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:4271-7. [PMID: 24180291 PMCID: PMC3859181 DOI: 10.1021/bm401145x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is regarded as a more physiologically relevant method of growing cells in the laboratory compared to traditional monolayer cultures. Recently, the application of polystyrene-based scaffolds produced using polyHIPE technology (porous polymers derived from high internal phase emulsions) for routine 3D cell culture applications has generated very promising results in terms of improved replication of native cellular function in the laboratory. These materials, which are now available as commercial scaffolds, are superior to many other 3D cell substrates due to their high porosity, controllable morphology, and suitable mechanical strength. However, until now there have been no reports describing the surface-modification of these materials for enhanced cell adhesion and function. This study, therefore, describes the surface functionalization of these materials with galactose, a carbohydrate known to specifically bind to hepatocytes via the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), to further improve hepatocyte adhesion and function when growing on the scaffold. We first modify a typical polystyrene-based polyHIPE to produce a cell culture scaffold carrying pendent activated-ester functionality. This was achieved via the incorporation of pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA) into the initial styrene (STY) emulsion, which upon polymerization formed a polyHIPE with a porosity of 92% and an average void diameter of 33 μm. Histological analysis showed that this polyHIPE was a suitable 3D scaffold for hepatocyte cell culture. Galactose-functionalized scaffolds were then prepared by attaching 2'-aminoethyl-β-D-galactopyranoside to this PFPA functionalized polyHIPE via displacement of the labile pentafluorophenyl group, to yield scaffolds with approximately ca. 7-9% surface carbohydrate. Experiments with primary rat hepatocytes showed that cellular albumin synthesis was greatly enhanced during the initial adhesion/settlement period of cells on the galactose-functionalized material, suggesting that the surface carbohydrates are accessible and selective to cells entering the scaffold. This porous polymer scaffold could, therefore, have important application as a 3D scaffold that offers enhanced hepatocyte adhesion and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Hayward
- School
of Biological and Biomedical Science, Durham
University, South Road, Durham DH13LE, United Kingdom
- Reinnervate Limited, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed M. Eissa
- Department of Polymers, Chemical Industries
Research Division, National Research Centre
(NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH13LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Daniel
J. Maltman
- Reinnervate Limited, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Naoko Sano
- NEXUS, School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, Newcastle University,
Stephenson Building, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan A. Przyborski
- School
of Biological and Biomedical Science, Durham
University, South Road, Durham DH13LE, United Kingdom
- Reinnervate Limited, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Neil R. Cameron
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH13LE, United
Kingdom
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Li Y, Duong HT, Jones MW, Basuki JS, Hu J, Boyer C, Davis TP. Selective Postmodification of Copolymer Backbones Bearing Different Activated Esters with Disparate Reactivities. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:912-917. [PMID: 35607013 DOI: 10.1021/mz4004375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this communication, we report an easy method for introducing functional groups into polymer structures by successively reacting two different activated ester functionalities (pentafluorophenyl (PFP) ester and azlactone (AZ)) with different functional amine compounds. By exploiting the difference in reactivity of the two activated esters (PFP and AZ) toward different amino compounds, we demonstrate, for the first time, a selective modification of the different activated ester groups, thereby introducing functional groups to the polymer backbone in a controlled manner. Statistical and block copolymers of vinyl dimethyl azlactone (VDM) and pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA), i.e.,(p(VDM-stat-PFPA)) and (p(VDM-block-PFPA)), were prepared using reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization and subsequently modified using a library of amino compounds, yielding macromolecules with bespoke functionality. In additional work, the functional macromolecules were self-assembled into nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Australian
Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Hien T.T. Duong
- Australian
Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mathew W. Jones
- Australian
Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Johan S. Basuki
- Australian
Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jinming Hu
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian
Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Centre
for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas P. Davis
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, U.K
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