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Sone K, Mori A, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T. The Role of microRNAs Related to Apoptosis for N-Methyl-d-Aspartic Acid-Induced Neuronal Cell Death in the Murine Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1106. [PMID: 38256177 PMCID: PMC10816001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of acquired blindness and characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that degrade their target mRNAs. Apoptosis is one of the common mechanisms leading to neuronal death in many neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma. In the present study, we identified microRNAs that modulate RGC death caused by the intravitreal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA). We found an upregulation of miR-29b and downregulation of miR-124 in the retina of the NMDA-injected eyes. The intravitreal injection of an miR-29b inhibitor 18 h before NMDA injection reduced RGC death and the downregulation of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1), an anti-apoptotic factor, induced by intravitreal NMDA. The intravitreal injection of an miR-124 mimic 18 h before NMDA injection also reduced RGC death and the upregulation of B-cell/chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphoma 2 (bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax) and bcl-2 interacting protein (Bim), pro-apoptotic factors, induced by intravitreal NMDA. These data suggest that expressional changes in microRNA are involved in the excitotoxicity of RGCs, and that complement and/or inhibition of microRNA may be a potential therapeutic approach for the diseases related to the excitotoxicity of RGCs, such as glaucoma and retinal central artery occlusion.
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Shen J, Liang Y, Bi Z, Yin X, Chen C, Zhao X, Liu S, Li Y. Cyclosporin A improves the hyperosmotic response in an experimental dry eye model by inhibiting the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Eye Res 2023; 229:109418. [PMID: 36806672 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyperosmolarity is closely related to dry eye disease (DED), which induces corneal epithelial cell structure and dysfunction leading to ocular surface inflammation. Cyclosporine A (CSA) is a cyclopeptide consisting of 11 deduced amino acids. It has an immunosuppressive effect and shows a vital function in inhibiting the inflammatory response. The mechanism of CSA in DED is still not entirely clear. This experiment aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of CSA in the hyperosmotic DED model. This study found that CSA can inhibit the transcript levels of DED high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) in signaling pathways. In addition, the study also found that 550 mOsm/L can induce the formation of DED models in vivo or in vitro. Furthermore, different concentrations of CSA have different effects on the expression of HMGB1 in human corneal epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stimulation, and high concentrations of CSA may increase the expression of HMGB1. In addition, CSA effectively reduced the corneal fluorescence staining score of the DE group and increased the tear volume of mice. Therefore, this experimental investigation might supply new evidence for the mechanism of CSA in DED, provide a potential new therapy for treating DED, and provide a theoretical basis for CSA treatment of DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachao Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Binzhou Medical College, Yantai, 264000, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Zhaojing Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xinmei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Shujun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China.
| | - Yuanbin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China.
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3
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Kamiya E, Morita A, Mori A, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T. The process of methylglyoxal-induced retinal capillary endothelial cell degeneration in rats. Microvasc Res 2023; 146:104455. [PMID: 36396077 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal, a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound, is increased and accumulated in patients with diabetic mellitus. Methylglyoxal forms advanced glycation end products (AGE), contributing to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, including diabetic retinopathy. Recent studies have shown that methylglyoxal induces diabetic retinopathy-like abnormalities in retinal vasculature. In this study, we investigated the processes and mechanisms of methylglyoxal-induced retinal capillary endothelial cell degeneration in rats. Morphological changes in vascular components (endothelial cells, pericytes, and basement membranes) were assessed in the retinas 2, 7, and 14 days after intravitreal injection of methylglyoxal. Intravitreal methylglyoxal injection induced retinal capillary endothelial cell degeneration in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Changes in the shape and distribution of pericytes occurred before the initiation of capillary regression in the retinas of methylglyoxal-injected eyes. The receptor for AGEs (RAGEs) antagonist FPS-ZM1, and the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor GM6001 significantly attenuated methylglyoxal-induced capillary endothelial cell degeneration. FPS-ZM1 failed to prevent pathological changes in pericytes in methylglyoxal-injected eyes. In situ zymography revealed that MMP activity was enhanced at sites of blood vessels with reduced pericyte coverage in methylglyoxal-injected eyes. These results suggest that intravitreal methylglyoxal injection induces pathological changes in pericytes before the initiation of capillary endothelial cell degeneration via an AGE-RAGE-independent pathway. The capillary endothelial cell degeneration is mediated by activating the AGE-RAGE pathway and increasing MMP activity in endothelial cells by impairing pericyte function in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Kamiya
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Akane Morita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
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Zhao L, Hou C, Yan N. Neuroinflammation in retinitis pigmentosa: Therapies targeting the innate immune system. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1059947. [PMID: 36389729 PMCID: PMC9647059 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1059947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an important cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and lacks effective treatment strategies. Although mutations are the primary cause of RP, research over the past decades has shown that neuroinflammation is an important cause of RP progression. Due to the abnormal activation of immunity, continuous sterile inflammation results in neuron loss and structural destruction. Therapies targeting inflammation have shown their potential to attenuate photoreceptor degeneration in preclinical models. Regardless of variations in genetic background, inflammatory modulation is emerging as an important role in the treatment of RP. We summarize the evidence for the role of inflammation in RP and mention therapeutic strategies where available, focusing on the modulation of innate immune signals, including TNFα signaling, TLR signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, chemokine signaling and JAK/STAT signaling. In addition, we describe epigenetic regulation, the gut microbiome and herbal agents as prospective treatment strategies for RP in recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Naihong Yan
- Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Naihong Yan,
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Daniszewski M, Senabouth A, Liang HH, Han X, Lidgerwood GE, Hernández D, Sivakumaran P, Clarke JE, Lim SY, Lees JG, Rooney L, Gulluyan L, Souzeau E, Graham SL, Chan CL, Nguyen U, Farbehi N, Gnanasambandapillai V, McCloy RA, Clarke L, Kearns LS, Mackey DA, Craig JE, MacGregor S, Powell JE, Pébay A, Hewitt AW. Retinal ganglion cell-specific genetic regulation in primary open-angle glaucoma. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:100142. [PMID: 36778138 PMCID: PMC9903700 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To assess the transcriptomic profile of disease-specific cell populations, fibroblasts from patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) before being differentiated into retinal organoids and compared with those from healthy individuals. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of a total of 247,520 cells and identified cluster-specific molecular signatures. Comparing the gene expression profile between cases and controls, we identified novel genetic associations for this blinding disease. Expression quantitative trait mapping identified a total of 4,443 significant loci across all cell types, 312 of which are specific to the retinal ganglion cell subpopulations, which ultimately degenerate in POAG. Transcriptome-wide association analysis identified genes at loci previously associated with POAG, and analysis, conditional on disease status, implicated 97 statistically significant retinal ganglion cell-specific expression quantitative trait loci. This work highlights the power of large-scale iPSC studies to uncover context-specific profiles for a genetically complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Daniszewski
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Anne Senabouth
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Helena H. Liang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Xikun Han
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Grace E. Lidgerwood
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Damián Hernández
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Priyadharshini Sivakumaran
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Jordan E. Clarke
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Shiang Y. Lim
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,O’Brien Institute Department of St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia
| | - Jarmon G. Lees
- O’Brien Institute Department of St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia,Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Louise Rooney
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Lerna Gulluyan
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart L. Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Chia-Ling Chan
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Uyen Nguyen
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Vikkitharan Gnanasambandapillai
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Rachael A. McCloy
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Linda Clarke
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - Lisa S. Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
| | - David A. Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute, Centre for Vision Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia,School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
| | - Jamie E. Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Joseph E. Powell
- Garvan Weizmann Centre for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia,UNSW Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia,Corresponding author
| | - Alice Pébay
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia,Corresponding author
| | - Alex W. Hewitt
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia,Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia,School of Medicine, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia,Corresponding author
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6
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A Monoclonal Anti-HMGB1 Antibody Attenuates Neurodegeneration in an Experimental Animal Model of Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084107. [PMID: 35456925 PMCID: PMC9028318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a crucial process for the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), a major characteristic of glaucoma. High expression of high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) plays a detrimental role in inflammatory processes and is elevated in the retinas of glaucoma patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of the intravitreal injection of an anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (anti-HMGB1 Ab) in an experimental animal model of glaucoma. Two groups of Spraque Dawley rats received episcleral vein occlusion to chronically elevate intraocular pressure (IOP): (1) the IgG group, intravitreal injection of an unspecific IgG as a control, n = 5, and (2) the HMGB1 group, intravitreal injection of an anti-HMGB1 Ab, n = 6. IOP, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and the retinal flash response were monitored longitudinally. Post-mortem examinations included immunohistochemistry, microarray, and mass spectrometric analysis. RNFLT was significantly increased in the HMGB1 group compared with the IgG group (p < 0.001). RGC density showed improved neuronal cell survival in the retina in HMGB1 compared with the IgG group (p < 0.01). Mass spectrometric proteomic analysis of retinal tissue showed an increased abundance of RNA metabolism-associated heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), such as hnRNP U, D, and H2, in animals injected with the anti-HMGB1 Ab, indicating that the application of the antibody may cause increased gene expression. Microarray analysis showed a significantly decreased expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8, p < 0.05) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF, p < 0.01) in the HMGB1 group. Thus, these data suggest that intravitreal injection of anti-HMGB1 Ab reduced HMGB1-dependent inflammatory signaling and mediated RGC neuroprotection.
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7
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Ramazan ZK, Sarı İ, Yıldırım BG, Güntürk İ, Küçük E, Erşan S, Seydel GŞ. The Evaluation of oxidative stress, 3-nitrotyrosine, and HMGB-1 levels in patients with Wet Type Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Med Biochem 2021; 41:275-281. [PMID: 36042902 PMCID: PMC9375537 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-32189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to compare serum HMGB-1, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), TAS, TOS, and OSI levels in Wettype Age-Related Macular Degeneration (wAMD) patients and healthy controls to determine the correlation of these parameters with each other. Methods Thirty patients with Wet-type Age-Related Macular Degeneration (wAMD) and 27 healthy adults, as controls were enrolled in the study. We determined the TAS and TOS levels in serum samples of both groups using commercial kits on a microplate reader. Serum HMGB-1 and 3-NT levels were measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results HMGB-1 levels were significantly higher in the patient group (137.51 pg/mL, p=0.001), while there was no difference between the two groups in serum 3-NT levels (p=0.428). A statistically significant difference found in the levels of TOS and OSI (p=0.001 and p=0.045, respectively) between the patients and controls, however, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of TAS levels (p=0.228). Conclusions Oxidative stress and HMGB-1 levels were increased in wAMD patients and enhanced oxidative stress may be associated with increased tissue necrosis and inflammation. Thus administration of antioxidant treatment in addition to routine therapy should be considered in wAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zor Kürşad Ramazan
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - İsmail Sarı
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Biçer Gamze Yıldırım
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - İnayet Güntürk
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Healthcare Services, Zübeyde Hanım Health Services Vocational High School, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Erkut Küçük
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Serpil Erşan
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Gönül Şeyda Seydel
- Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University School of Medicine Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bor Yolu, Niğde, Turkey
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8
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Yang F, Wang H, Chen H, Ran D, Tang Q, Weng P, Sun Y, Jiang W. RAGE Signaling pathway in hippocampus dentate gyrus involved in GLT-1 decrease induced by chronic unpredictable stress in rats. Brain Res Bull 2020; 163:49-56. [PMID: 32621862 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A pivotal role of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been supported in preclinical and clinical studies. Glutamate transporters are responsible for rapid uptake of glutamate to maintain glutamate homeostasis. Down-regulation of glutamate transporters has been reported in MDD patients and animal models. However, the mechanism for stress-induced modulation of glutamate transporter expression is poorly understood. Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE), a member of immunoglobulin family, is found expressed widely in brain and play important roles in neuronal development, neurite growth, neurogenesis and neuroinflammation. Our study showed chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induced depressive-like behaviors and reduced RAGE expression in hippocampus DG, CA1 and CA3 areas. The protein levels of GLT-1, p-CREB and p-p65 decreased in hippocampus DG as well. Knockdown of RAGE expression in hippocampus DG with RAGE shRNA lentivirus particles induced depressive-like behaviors. Meanwhile, the protein and mRNA levels of GLT-1 were significantly decreased as well as phosphorylation of CREB and p65. Neither CUS nor RAGE knockdown altered GLAST protein and mRNA levels. These findings suggested that RAGE/CREB-NF-κB signaling pathway in hippocampus DG involved in modulation of GLT-1 expression, which possibly contributed to the depressive-like behavior induced by CUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huali Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongzhi Ran
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Weng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wengao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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9
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Morioka N, Miyauchi K, Miyashita K, Kochi T, Zhang FF, Nakamura Y, Liu K, Wake H, Hisaoka‐Nakashima K, Nishibori M, Nakata Y. Spinal high‐mobility group box‐1 induces long‐lasting mechanical hypersensitivity through the toll‐like receptor 4 and upregulation of interleukin‐1β in activated astrocytes. J Neurochem 2019; 150:738-758. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyauchi
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
| | - Keita Miyashita
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
| | - Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
| | - Fang Fang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
- Institute of Pharmacology Taishan Medical University Taian Shandong China
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse IRP Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Keyue Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Hidenori Wake
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Kazue Hisaoka‐Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakata
- Department of Pharmacology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences Minami‐ku Hiroshima Japan
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10
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Kim GH, Paik SS, Park YS, Kim HG, Kim IB. Amelioration of Mouse Retinal Degeneration After Blue LED Exposure by Glycyrrhizic Acid-Mediated Inhibition of Inflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:319. [PMID: 31379505 PMCID: PMC6646422 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a major component in the root and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), which have been used as an herbal medicine, because of its anti-inflammatory activity. GA is known as an inhibitor of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases including inner retinal neuropathy. In this study, we examined the effect of GA in a mouse model of retinal degeneration (RD), the leading cause of blindness. RD was induced by exposure to a blue light-emitting diode (LED). In functional assessment, electroretinography showed that the amplitudes of both a- and b-waves were reduced in RD mice, whereas they were significantly increased in GA-treated RD mice (P < 0.05), compared to those in non-treated RD animals. In histological assessment, GA treatment preserved the outer nuclear layer where photoreceptors reside and reduced photoreceptor cell death. GA-treated retinas showed significantly reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, CCL2 and 6, iNOS, and COX-2 (P < 0.05), compared to that in non-treated retinas. Immunohistochemistry showed that Iba-1 and GFAP expression was markedly reduced in GA-treated retinas, indicating decreased glial response and inflammation. Interestingly, HMGB1 expression was reduced in non-treated RD retinas whereas GA paradoxically increased its expression. These results demonstrate that GA preserves retinal structure and function by inhibiting inflammation in blue LED-induced RD, suggesting a potential application of GA as a medication for RD. In addition, we propose a potential retinal protective function of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Sook Paik
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoun Geun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In-Beom Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Tsoka P, Barbisan PR, Kataoka K, Chen XN, Tian B, Bouzika P, Miller JW, Paschalis EI, Vavvas DG. NLRP3 inflammasome in NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity. Exp Eye Res 2019; 181:136-144. [PMID: 30707890 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity is an acute form of experimental retinal injury as a result of overactivation of glutamate receptors. NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain containing-3) inflammasome, one of the most studied sensors of innate immunity, has been reported to play a critical role in retinal neurodegeneration with controversial implications regarding neuroprotection and cell death. Thus far, it has not been elucidated whether NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity can trigger NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo. Moreover, it is unknown if NLRP3 is beneficial or detrimental to NMDA-mediated retinal cell death. Here, we employed a murine model of NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity by administering 100 nmoles of NMDA intravitreally, which resulted in massive TUNEL+ (TdT-dUTP terminal nick-end labelling) cell death in all retinal layers and especially in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) 24 h post injection. NMDA insult in the retina potentiates macrophage/microglia cell infiltration, primes the NLRP3 inflammasome in a transcription-dependent manner and induces the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). However, despite NLRP3 inflammasome upregulation, systemic deletion of Nlrp3 or Casp1 (caspase-1) did not significantly alter the NMDA-induced, excitotoxicity-mediated TUNEL+ retinal cell death at 24 h (acute phase). Similarly, the deletion of the two aforementioned genes did not alter the survival of the Brn3a+ (brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3A) RGCs in a significant way at 3- or 7-days post injection (long-term phase). Our results indicate that NMDA-mediated retinal excitotoxicity induces immune cell recruitment and NLRP3 inflammasome activity even though inflammasome-mediated neuroinflammation is not a leading contributing factor to cell death in this type of retinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Tsoka
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paulo R Barbisan
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keiko Kataoka
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaohong Nancy Chen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Tian
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peggy Bouzika
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan W Miller
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleftherios I Paschalis
- Boston Keratoprosthesis Laboratory, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Sakamoto K, Okuwaki T, Ushikubo H, Mori A, Nakahara T, Ishii K. Activation inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B protect neurons against the NMDA-induced damage in the rat retina. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 135:S1347-8613(17)30162-7. [PMID: 29110956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported that high-mobility group Box-1 (HMGB1) was involved in excitoneurotoxicity in the retina. HMGB1 is known to activate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). However, the role of NF-κB in excitotoxicity is still controversial. Here, we demonstrated that NF-κB activation induced by NMDA led to the retinal neurotoxicity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and NMDA (200 nmol/eye) and bovine HMGB1 (15 μg/eye) were intravitreally injected. Triptolide (500 pmol/eye), BAY 11-7082 (500 pmol/eye), and IMD-0354 (7.5 nmol/eye), NF-κB inhibitors, were co-injected with NMDA or HMGB1. Retinal sections were obtained seven days after intravitreal injection. Cell loss in the ganglion cell layer was observed in the HMGB1- and the NMDA-treated retina. All of the NF-κB inhibitors used in this study reduced the damage. BAY 11-7082 reduced the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB 12 h after NMDA injection, upregulation of GFAP immunoreactivity induced by NMDA 12 and 48 h after NMDA injection, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells 48 h after NMDA injection. The results suggest that NF-κB activation is one of the mechanisms of the retinal neuronal death that occurs 48 h after NMDA injection or later. Prevention of NF-kB activation is a candidate for the treatment of retinal neurodegeneration associated with excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Okuwaki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroko Ushikubo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishii
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
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13
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Opioid receptor activation is involved in neuroprotection induced by TRPV1 channel activation against excitotoxicity in the rat retina. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:57-63. [PMID: 28687197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that capsaicin, a transient receptor potential vanilloid type1 (TRPV1) agonist, protected against excitotoxicity induced by intravitreal N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) in the rats in vivo. It has been reported that morphine, an opioid receptor agonist, ameliorated excitotoxicity induced by ischemia-reperfusion in the retina, and that capsaicin-induced neuroprotection was reduced by naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist in the brain. The aim of the present study is to clarify whether activation of opioid receptors is involved in the capsaicin-induced neuroprotection in the retina. Under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intravitreal NMDA injection (200nmol/eye). Capsaicin (5.0nmol/eye), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; 0.05pmol/eye), β-endorphin (0.5 pmol/eye), substance P (5nmol/eye), and naloxone (0.5nmol/eye) were intravitreally administered simultaneously with NMDA. Morphometric evaluation 7 days after NMDA injection showed that intravitreal NMDA injection resulted in ganglion cell loss. Capsaicin, CGRP, β-endorphin, and substance P prevented this damage. Treatment with naloxone (0.5nmol/eye) almost completely negated the protective effects of capsaicin, CGRP, β-endorphin, and substance P in the NMDA-injected rats. These results suggested that activation of opioid receptors is possibly involved in the protective effect of capsaicin.
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14
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Nakano Y, Shimazawa M, Ojino K, Izawa H, Takeuchi H, Inoue Y, Tsuruma K, Hara H. Toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor protects against retinal ganglion cell damage induced by optic nerve crush in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 133:176-183. [PMID: 28318829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays key roles in innate immune responses and inflammatory reactions. TAK-242 (resatorvid) is a small-molecule cyclohexene derivative that selectively inhibits TLR4 signaling pathways and suppresses inflammatory reactions. Here we investigated the protective effects of TAK-242 against optic nerve crush (ONC) which induces axonal injury like glaucoma in mice. TAK-242 was injected intravitreally immediately after ONC. The effect of TAK-242 was evaluated by measuring the number of fluorogold-labeled retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at 10 days after ONC. Furthermore, the expression levels of phosphorylated-nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) and phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) were measured by Western blotting. In addition, we examined activated astrocytes by immunostaining. TAK-242 significantly abrogated the loss of RGCs associated with ONC. Moreover, the expression levels of p-NF-κB and p-p38 were significantly reduced by TAK-242 treatment. Furthermore, TAK-242 and C34, a TLR4 inhibitor, significantly reduced astrocyte activation in the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers, compared with vehicle treatment. These findings indicate that TAK-242 inhibits not only the TLR4 signaling pathway but also astrocyte activation downstream of this pathway, suggesting that the inhibition of TLR4 signaling is a promising candidate for the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimichi Nakano
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Ojino
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Izawa
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hiroto Takeuchi
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Yuki Inoue
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsuruma
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
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Puerarin Attenuates N-Methyl-D-aspartic Acid–induced Apoptosis and Retinal Ganglion Cell Damage Through the JNK/p38 MAPK Pathway. J Glaucoma 2016; 25:e792-801. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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The Emerging Role of HMGB1 in Neuropathic Pain: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Neuroinflammation. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:6430423. [PMID: 27294160 PMCID: PMC4887637 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6430423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NPP) is intolerable, persistent, and specific type of long-term pain. It is considered to be a direct consequence of pathological changes affecting the somatosensory system and can be debilitating for affected patients. Despite recent progress and growing interest in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, NPP still presents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mediates inflammatory and immune reactions in nervous system and emerging evidence reveals that HMGB1 plays an essential role in neuroinflammation through receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLR), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), C-X-X motif chemokines receptor 4 (CXCR4), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. In this review, we present evidence from studies that address the role of HMGB1 in NPP. First, we review studies aimed at determining the role of HMGB1 in NPP and discuss the possible mechanisms underlying HMGB1-mediated NPP progression where receptors for HMGB1 are involved. Then we review studies that address HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic target for NPP.
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