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Choquet H, Melles RB, Yin J, Hoffmann TJ, Thai KK, Kvale MN, Banda Y, Hardcastle AJ, Tuft SJ, Glymour MM, Schaefer C, Risch N, Nair KS, Hysi PG, Jorgenson E. A multiethnic genome-wide analysis of 44,039 individuals identifies 41 new loci associated with central corneal thickness. Commun Biol 2020; 3:301. [PMID: 32528159 PMCID: PMC7289804 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Central corneal thickness (CCT) is one of the most heritable human traits, with broad-sense heritability estimates ranging between 0.68 to 0.95. Despite the high heritability and numerous previous association studies, only 8.5% of CCT variance is currently explained. Here, we report the results of a multiethnic meta-analysis of available genome-wide association studies in which we find association between CCT and 98 genomic loci, of which 41 are novel. Among these loci, 20 were significantly associated with keratoconus, and one (RAPSN rs3740685) was significantly associated with glaucoma after Bonferroni correction. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis suggests that thinner CCT does not causally increase the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma. This large CCT study explains up to 14.2% of CCT variance and increases substantially our understanding of the etiology of CCT variation. This may open new avenues of investigation into human ocular traits and their relationship to the risk of vision disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Choquet
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
| | - Ronald B Melles
- KPNC, Department of Ophthalmology, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA
| | - Jie Yin
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Thomas J Hoffmann
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Khanh K Thai
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Mark N Kvale
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Yambazi Banda
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Alison J Hardcastle
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | | | - M Maria Glymour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
| | - Neil Risch
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - K Saidas Nair
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- King's College London, Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, London, UK
- King's College London, Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, London, UK
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Hospital Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), Division of Research, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.
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