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Zhu CS, Chen W, Qiang X, Lou L, Li J, Wang H. Elevated Circulating Procathepsin L as a Potential Biomarker of Inflamm-aging. Med Hypotheses 2024; 186:111322. [PMID: 38617026 PMCID: PMC11008674 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflamm-aging is a condition of low-grade and chronic systemic inflammation characterized by a systemic increase in multiple inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and CXCL9 (MIG) in experimental and clinical settings. However, despite the recent identification of extracellular procathepsin L (pCTS-L) as a novel mediator of inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, its possible role in inflamm-aging was previously not investigated. In the present study, we compared blood levels of pCTS-L and other 62 cytokines and chemokines between young and aged Balb/C mice by Western blotting and Cytokine Antibody Arrays. In light of the surprising finding of a marked increase in blood pCTS-L levels in aged mice, we propose that blood pCTS-L levels may serve as another biomarker of inflamm-aging. Given the capacity of pCTS-L in inducing various cytokines (e.g., TNF and IL-6), it will be important to test the hypothetic role of pCTS-L in inflamm-aging under experimental and clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie Shu Zhu
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd., Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd., Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Xiaoling Qiang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd., Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Li Lou
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Jianhua Li
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Haichao Wang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd., Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
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Hsieh Y, Augur ZM, Arbery M, Ashour N, Barrett K, Pearse RV, Tio ES, Duong DM, Felsky D, De Jager PL, Bennett DA, Seyfried NT, Young‐Pearse TL. Person-specific differences in ubiquitin-proteasome mediated proteostasis in human neurons. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2952-2967. [PMID: 38470006 PMCID: PMC11032531 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been implicated in abnormal protein accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. It remains unclear if genetic variation affects the intrinsic properties of neurons that render some individuals more vulnerable to UPS impairment. METHODS Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons were generated from over 50 genetically variant and highly characterized participants of cohorts of aging. Proteomic profiling, proteasome activity assays, and Western blotting were employed to examine neurons at baseline and in response to UPS perturbation. RESULTS Neurons with lower basal UPS activity were more vulnerable to tau accumulation following mild UPS inhibition. Chronic reduction in proteasome activity in human neurons induced compensatory elevation of regulatory proteins involved in proteostasis and several proteasome subunits. DISCUSSION These findings reveal that genetic variation influences basal UPS activity in human neurons and differentially sensitizes them to external factors perturbing the UPS, leading to the accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins such as tau. HIGHLIGHTS Polygenic risk score for AD is associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in neurons. Basal proteasome activity correlates with aggregation-prone protein levels in neurons. Genetic variation affects the response to proteasome inhibition in neurons. Neuronal proteasome perturbation induces an elevation in specific proteins involved in proteostasis. Low basal proteasome activity leads to enhanced tau accumulation with UPS challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Chen Hsieh
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Zachary M. Augur
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mason Arbery
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nancy Ashour
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Katharine Barrett
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Richard V. Pearse
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Earvin S. Tio
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Duc M. Duong
- Department of BiochemistryEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Krembil Centre for NeuroinformaticsCentre for Addiction and Mental HealthTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Philip L. De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational NeuroimmunologyDepartment of Neurology and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - David A. Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease CenterRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Nicholas T. Seyfried
- Department of BiochemistryEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
- Department of NeurologyEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Tracy L. Young‐Pearse
- Ann Romney Centerfor Neurologic DiseasesDepartment of NeurologyBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
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Karagiannis TT, Dowrey TW, Villacorta-Martin C, Montano M, Reed E, Belkina AC, Andersen SL, Perls TT, Monti S, Murphy GJ, Sebastiani P. Multi-modal profiling of peripheral blood cells across the human lifespan reveals distinct immune cell signatures of aging and longevity. EBioMedicine 2023; 90:104514. [PMID: 37005201 PMCID: PMC10114155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related changes in immune cell composition and functionality are associated with multimorbidity and mortality. However, many centenarians delay the onset of aging-related disease suggesting the presence of elite immunity that remains highly functional at extreme old age. METHODS To identify immune-specific patterns of aging and extreme human longevity, we analyzed novel single cell profiles from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a random sample of 7 centenarians (mean age 106) and publicly available single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets that included an additional 7 centenarians as well as 52 people at younger ages (20-89 years). FINDINGS The analysis confirmed known shifts in the ratio of lymphocytes to myeloid cells, and noncytotoxic to cytotoxic cell distributions with aging, but also identified significant shifts from CD4+ T cell to B cell populations in centenarians suggesting a history of exposure to natural and environmental immunogens. We validated several of these findings using flow cytometry analysis of the same samples. Our transcriptional analysis identified cell type signatures specific to exceptional longevity that included genes with age-related changes (e.g., increased expression of STK17A, a gene known to be involved in DNA damage response) as well as genes expressed uniquely in centenarians' PBMCs (e.g., S100A4, part of the S100 protein family studied in age-related disease and connected to longevity and metabolic regulation). INTERPRETATION Collectively, these data suggest that centenarians harbor unique, highly functional immune systems that have successfully adapted to a history of insults allowing for the achievement of exceptional longevity. FUNDING TK, SM, PS, GM, SA, TP are supported by NIH-NIAUH2AG064704 and U19AG023122. MM and PS are supported by NIHNIA Pepper center: P30 AG031679-10. This project is supported by the Flow Cytometry Core Facility at BUSM. FCCF is funded by the NIH Instrumentation grant: S10 OD021587.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya T Karagiannis
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Todd W Dowrey
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monty Montano
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Pepper Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric Reed
- Data Intensive Study Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna C Belkina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stacy L Andersen
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas T Perls
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefano Monti
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George J Murphy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paola Sebastiani
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Song CY, Feng MX, Li L, Wang P, Lu X, Lu YQ. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. ameliorates paraquat-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative stress and ferroptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114575. [PMID: 36706526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning can induce acute lung injury and fibrosis and has an extremely high mortality rate. However, no effective treatments for PQ poisoning have been established. In this study, the potential efficacy of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f. (TwHF) in alleviating PQ-induced lung injury and fibrosis was investigated in a mouse model. Mice were randomly assigned to the control, PQ, PQ + TwHF1 (pretreatment before inducing poisoning), and PQ + TwHF2 (treatment after poisoning) groups. The mice in the PQ + TwHF1 group were pretreated with TwHF for 5 days before receiving one dose of PQ (120 mg/kg) and then received a daily oral gavage of the indicated dosages of TwHF until sacrifice. The mice in the PQ + TwHF2 group were treated with TwHF 2 h after PQ exposure until sacrifice. The pathological analysis and Fapi PET/CT showed that treatment with TwHF attenuated lung injury. And TwHF reduced pulmonary oxidative stress, as indicated by the reduction in, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, as well as by the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Accordingly, the Perls DAB staining showed increased iron concentrations and western blotting revealed a decreased GPX4 expression after PQ exposure, as well as the mitigation of the overexpression of Nrf2 and HO-1 induced by PQ. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the potential of TwHF as a treatment for PQ-induced lung injury and fibrosis. The protective mechanism of this medicinal herb may involve the regulation of ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Ying Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xiao Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wu Q, Brouwers B, Dalmasso B, Kenis C, Vuylsteke P, Debrock G, Smeets A, Laenen A, Wildiers H, Hatse S. Dynamic alterations of immunosenescence-related genes in older women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy: A prospective study. Transl Oncol 2022; 25:101527. [PMID: 36067542 PMCID: PMC9460834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact impact of chemotherapy on the immune system of older patients with breast cancer is not well known. A longitudinal study was performed investigating the evolution of the blood immune profile during and after chemotherapy in this population. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 39 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (chemotherapy group, CTG) and 32 patients receiving only hormone therapy (control group, CG). A 10-gene panel associated with immunosenescence was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) before (T1), at 3 months (T2) and at 12 months (T3) after initiation of adjuvant therapy. Nutrition status was assessed by using a mini nutritional assessment scale. Linear mixed model analyses were performed for trajectory evolution, with or without adjusting for age, tumor stage, breast cancer phenotype, and/or corresponding baseline gene levels. RESULTS Six genes relating to T cell activation (CD28, CD27, CD86, LCK, GRAP, LRRN3), and two genes relating to oxidative stress (PRDX6, HMOX1) exhibited a significant group-by-time effect, even after adjusting covariates(p≤ 0.01). In CTG, the T cell activation genes substantially declined from T1 to T2 and bounced back to a level higher than baseline at T3 (p<0.03), which was not observed in CG (p>0.26). Patients with malnutrition detected at T1 experienced more pronounced perturbation regarding CD27, LCK, CD69, VAMP5, and LRRN3 (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Chemotherapy leads to transient perturbation of immune-related gene expression and potentially stimulates immunity in the long term. Well-nourished patients experience less impact of chemotherapy on immune-related gene expression profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Barbara Brouwers
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Bruna Dalmasso
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genetics of Rare Cancers, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cindy Kenis
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vuylsteke
- Department of Medical Oncology, UCLouvain, CHU UCL Namur, Site Sainte-Elisabeth, Place Louise Godin 15, Namur 5000, Belgium
| | - Guy Debrock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ziekenhuizen Oost Limburg (ZOL), Schiepse Bos 6, Genk 3000, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Interuniversity Centre for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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Fernández-Mendívil C, Luengo E, Trigo-Alonso P, García-Magro N, Negredo P, López MG. Protective role of microglial HO-1 blockade in aging: Implication of iron metabolism. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101789. [PMID: 33212416 PMCID: PMC7680814 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible enzyme known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. However, increased expression of HO-1 during aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases have been associated to neurotoxic ferric iron deposits. Being microglia responsible for the brain's innate immune response, the aim of this study was to understand the role of microglial HO-1 under inflammatory conditions in aged mice. For this purpose, aged wild type (WT) and LysMCreHmox1△△ (HMOX1M-KO) mice that lack HO-1 in microglial cells, were used. Aged WT mice showed higher basal expression levels of microglial HO-1 in the brain than adult mice. This increase was even higher when exposed to an inflammatory stimulus (LPS via i.p.) and was accompanied by alterations in different iron-related metabolism proteins, resulting in an increase of iron deposits, oxidative stress, ferroptosis and cognitive decline. Furthermore, microglia exhibited a primed phenotype and increased levels of inflammatory markers such as iNOS, p65, IL-1β, TNF-α, Caspase-1 and NLRP3. Interestingly, all these alterations were prevented in aged HMOX1M-KO and WT mice treated with the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPPIX. In order to determine the effects of microglial HO-1-dependent iron overload, aged WT mice were treated with the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFX). DFX caused major improvements in iron, inflammatory and behavioral alterations found in aged mice exposed to LPS. In conclusion, this study highlights how microglial HO-1 overexpression contributes to neurotoxic iron accumulation providing deleterious effects in aged mice exposed to an inflammatory insult. Microglial HO-1 increases with aging and under an acute inflammatory stimulus. LPS-dependent microglial HO-1 upregulation during aging leads to iron overload. Microglial HO-1-dependent iron accumulation leads to ferroptosis. HO-1-dependent iron alterations lead to neuroinflammation. HO-1 inhibitors/iron chelators reduce iron accumulation and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fernández-Mendívil
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery. Department of Pharmacology. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma Madrid. Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitario (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Luengo
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery. Department of Pharmacology. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma Madrid. Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitario (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Trigo-Alonso
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery. Department of Pharmacology. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma Madrid. Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitario (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria García-Magro
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Negredo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando for Drug Discovery. Department of Pharmacology. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma Madrid. Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitario (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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Identification of a T cell gene expression clock obtained by exploiting a MZ twin design. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6005. [PMID: 28729616 PMCID: PMC5519672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05694-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies investigated age-related changes in gene expression of different tissues, with scarce agreement due to the high number of affecting factors. Similarly, no consensus has been reached on which genes change expression as a function of age and not because of environment. In this study we analysed gene expression of T lymphocytes from 27 healthy monozygotic twin couples, with ages ranging over whole adult lifespan (22 to 98 years). This unique experimental design allowed us to identify genes involved in normative aging, which expression changes independently from environmental factors. We obtained a transcriptomic signature with 125 genes, from which chronological age can be estimated. This signature has been tested in two datasets of same cell type hybridized over two different platforms, showing a significantly better performance compared to random signatures. Moreover, the same signature was applied on a dataset from a different cell type (human muscle). A lower performance was obtained, indicating the possibility that the signature is T cell-specific. As a whole our results suggest that this approach can be useful to identify age-modulated genes.
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Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Haralambieva IH, Oberg AL, Zimmermann MT, Grill DE, Poland GA. Immunosenescence-Related Transcriptomic and Immunologic Changes in Older Individuals Following Influenza Vaccination. Front Immunol 2016; 7:450. [PMID: 27853459 PMCID: PMC5089977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of annual influenza vaccination is to reduce mortality and morbidity associated with this disease through the generation of protective immune responses. The objective of the current study was to examine markers of immunosenescence and identify immunosenescence-related differences in gene expression, gene regulation, cytokine secretion, and immunologic changes in an older study population receiving seasonal influenza A/H1N1 vaccination. Surprisingly, prior studies in this cohort revealed weak correlations between immunosenescence markers and humoral immune response to vaccination. In this report, we further examined the relationship of each immunosenescence marker (age, T cell receptor excision circle frequency, telomerase expression, percentage of CD28− CD4+ T cells, percentage of CD28− CD8+ T cells, and the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio) with additional markers of immune response (serum cytokine and chemokine expression) and measures of gene expression and/or regulation. Many of the immunosenescence markers indeed correlated with distinct sets of individual DNA methylation sites, miRNA expression levels, mRNA expression levels, serum cytokines, and leukocyte subsets. However, when the individual immunosenescence markers were grouped by pathways or functional terms, several shared biological functions were identified: antigen processing and presentation pathways, MAPK, mTOR, TCR, BCR, and calcium signaling pathways, as well as key cellular metabolic, proliferation and survival activities. Furthermore, the percent of CD4+ and/or CD8+ T cells lacking CD28 expression also correlated with miRNAs regulating clusters of genes known to be involved in viral infection. Integrated (DNA methylation, mRNA, miRNA, and protein levels) network biology analysis of immunosenescence-related pathways and genesets identified both known pathways (e.g., chemokine signaling, CTL, and NK cell activity), as well as a gene expression module not previously annotated with a known function. These results may improve our ability to predict immune responses to influenza and aid in new vaccine development, and highlight the need for additional studies to better define and characterize immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Kennedy
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Inna G Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Iana H Haralambieva
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Ann L Oberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Michael T Zimmermann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Diane E Grill
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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Bodart G, Goffinet L, Morrhaye G, Farhat K, de Saint-Hubert M, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Swine C, Geenen V, Martens HJ. Somatotrope GHRH/GH/IGF-1 axis at the crossroads between immunosenescence and frailty. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1351:61-7. [PMID: 26284958 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunosenescence, characterized by complex modifications of immunity with age, could be related to frailty syndrome in elderly individuals, leading to an inadequate response to minimal aggression. Functional decline (i.e., the loss of ability to perform activities of daily living) is related to frailty and decreased physiological reserves and is a frequent outcome of hospitalization in older patients. Links between immunosenescence and frailty have been explored and 20 immunological parameters, including insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), thymopoeisis, and telomere length, were shown to be affected in elderly patients with functional decline. A strong relationship between IGF-1 and thymic ouput was evidenced. IGF-1, a mediator of growth hormone (GH), was subsequently shown to induce interleukin-7 secretion in cultured primary human thymic epithelial cells. We are exploring the stress hypothesis in which an acute stressor is used as the discriminator of frailty susceptibility. GH can counteract the deleterious immunosuppressive effects of stress-induced steroids. Under nonstress conditions, the immunosenescent system preserves physiological responses, while under stress conditions, the combination of immunosenescence and a defect in the somatotrope axis might lead to functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Khalil Farhat
- GIGA Research Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie de Saint-Hubert
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne, NARILIS-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- Unit of Research on Cellular Biology, NARILIS-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur (FUNDP), Namur, Belgium
| | - Christian Swine
- Department of Geriatrics, University Hospital of Mont-Godinne, NARILIS-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Vincent Geenen
- GIGA Research Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Henri J Martens
- GIGA Research Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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O’Connor JE, Herrera G, Martínez-Romero A, de Oyanguren FS, Díaz L, Gomes A, Balaguer S, Callaghan RC. Systems Biology and immune aging. Immunol Lett 2014; 162:334-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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O'Connor JE, Herrera G, Martínez-Romero A, Oyanguren FSD, Díaz L, Gomes A, Balaguer S, Callaghan RC. WITHDRAWN: Systems Biology and Immune Aging. Immunol Lett 2014:S0165-2478(14)00197-7. [PMID: 25251659 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of anarticle that has already been published, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2014.09.009. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Enrique O'Connor
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Guadalupe Herrera
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Martínez-Romero
- Cytometry Technological Service, Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Sala-de Oyanguren
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Díaz
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Angela Gomes
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Balaguer
- Laboratory of Translational Cytomics, Joint Research Unit, The University of Valencia and Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Robert C Callaghan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Cytometry Laboratory, Incliva Foundation, Clinical University Hospital, The University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Poland GA, Ovsyannikova IG, Kennedy RB, Lambert ND, Kirkland JL. A systems biology approach to the effect of aging, immunosenescence and vaccine response. Curr Opin Immunol 2014; 29:62-8. [PMID: 24820347 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging can lead to immunosenescence, which dramatically impairs the hosts' ability to develop protective immune responses to vaccine antigens. Reasons for this are not well understood. This topic's importance is reflected in the increases in morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases among elderly persons, a population growing in size globally, and the significantly lower adaptive immune responses generated to vaccines in this population. Here, we endeavor to summarize the existing data on the genetic and immunologic correlates of immunosenescence with respect to vaccine response. We cover how the application of systems biology can advance our understanding of vaccine immunosenescence, with a view toward how such information could lead to strategies to overcome the lower immunogenicity of vaccines in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | | | | | - James L Kirkland
- Robert & Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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13
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Senescence-related changes in gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from octo/nonagenarians compared to their offspring. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:189129. [PMID: 24381713 PMCID: PMC3863454 DOI: 10.1155/2013/189129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms determining both functional rate of decline and the time of onset in aging remain elusive. Studies of the aging process especially those involving the comparison of long-lived individuals and young controls are fairly limited. Therefore, this research aims to determine the differential gene expression profile in related individuals from villages in Pahang, Malaysia. Genome-wide microarray analysis of 18 samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from two groups: octo/nonagenarians (80-99 years old) and their offspring (50.2 ± 4.0 years old) revealed that 477 transcripts were age-induced and 335 transcripts were age-repressed with fold changes ≥1.2 in octo/nonagenarians compared to offspring. Interestingly, changes in gene expression were associated with increased capacity for apoptosis (BAK1), cell cycle regulation (CDKN1B), metabolic process (LRPAP1), insulin action (IGF2R), and increased immune and inflammatory response (IL27RA), whereas response to stress (HSPA8), damage stimulus (XRCC6), and chromatin remodelling (TINF2) pathways were downregulated in octo/nonagenarians. These results suggested that systemic telomere maintenance, metabolism, cell signalling, and redox regulation may be important for individuals to maintain their healthy state with advancing age and that these processes play an important role in the determination of the healthy life-span.
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Pallis AG, Hatse S, Brouwers B, Pawelec G, Falandry C, Wedding U, Lago LD, Repetto L, Ring A, Wildiers H. Evaluating the physiological reserves of older patients with cancer: the value of potential biomarkers of aging? J Geriatr Oncol 2013; 5:204-18. [PMID: 24495695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging of an individual entails a progressive decline of functional reserves and loss of homeostasis that eventually lead to mortality. This process is highly individualized and is influenced by multiple genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. This individualization and the diversity of factors influencing aging result in a significant heterogeneity among people with the same chronological age, representing a major challenge in daily oncology practice. Thus, many factors other than mere chronological age will contribute to treatment tolerance and outcome in the older patients with cancer. Clinical/comprehensive geriatric assessment can provide information on the general health status of individuals, but is far from perfect as a prognostic/predictive tool for individual patients. On the other hand, aging can also be assessed in terms of biological changes in certain tissues like the blood compartment which result from adaptive alterations due to past history of exposures, as well as intrinsic aging processes. There are major signs of 'aging' in lymphocytes (e.g. lymphocyte subset distribution, telomere length, p16INK4A expression), and also in (inflammatory) cytokine expression and gene expression patterns. These result from a combination of the above two processes, overlaying genetic predispositions which contribute significantly to the aging phenotype. These potential "aging biomarkers" might provide additional prognostic/predictive information supplementing clinical evaluation. The purpose of the current paper is to describe the most relevant potential "aging biomarkers" (markers that indicate the biological functional age of patients) which focus on the biological background, the (limited) available clinical data, and technical challenges. Despite their great potential interest, there is a need for much more (validated) clinical data before these biomarkers could be used in a routine clinical setting. This manuscript tries to provide a guideline on how these markers can be integrated in future research aimed at providing such data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios G Pallis
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Elderly Task Force, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, and Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara Brouwers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, and Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Center for Medical Research, ZMF, University of Tübingen Medical School, Waldhörnlestr. 22, D-72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claire Falandry
- Geriatrics Unit, Lyon Sud University Hospital, Pierre-Benite, France; Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, Lyon Sud Medicine Faculty, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrich Wedding
- Jena University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Erlanger Allee 101, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Lissandra Dal Lago
- Medicine Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Lazzaro Repetto
- Dipartimento Oncologia, Ospedale di Sanremo, Via G Borea, 56, 18038 Sanremo, Italy
| | | | - Hans Wildiers
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Elderly Task Force, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, and Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
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Castañeda-Delgado J, Miranda-Castro N, González-Amaro R, González-Curiel I, Montoya-Rosales A, Rivas-Calderon B, Rivas-Santiago B. Production of antimicrobial peptides is preserved in aging. Clin Immunol 2013; 148:198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Vo TKD, de Saint-Hubert M, Morrhaye G, Godard P, Geenen V, Martens HJ, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Swine C, Toussaint O. Transcriptomic biomarkers of the response of hospitalized geriatric patients admitted with heart failure. Comparison to hospitalized geriatric patients with infectious diseases or hip fracture. Mech Ageing Dev 2011; 132:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Vo TKD, Godard P, de Saint-Hubert M, Morrhaye G, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Swine C, Geenen V, Martens HJ, Toussaint O. Differentially abundant transcripts in PBMC of hospitalized geriatric patients with hip fracture compared to healthy aged controls. Exp Gerontol 2010; 46:257-64. [PMID: 21074600 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The abundance of a selection of transcript species involved in inflammation, immunosenescence and stress response was compared between PBMC of 35 geriatric patients with hip fracture in acute phase (days 2-4 after hospitalization) or convalescence phase (days 7-10) and 28 healthy aged controls. Twenty-nine differentially abundant transcripts were identified in acute phase versus healthy ageing. Twelve of these transcripts remained differentially abundant in convalescence phase, and 22 were similarly differentially abundant in acute phase of geriatric infectious diseases. Seven of these 22 transcripts were previously identified as differentially abundant in PBMC of healthy aged versus healthy young controls, with further alteration for CD28, CD69, LCK, CTSD, HMOX1, and TNFRSF1A in acute phase after geriatric hip fracture and infectious diseases. The next question is whether these alterations are common to other geriatric diseases and/or preexist before the clinical onset of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Duy Vo
- Unit of Research on Cellular Biology, NARILIS-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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18
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Vo TKD, Godard P, de Saint-Hubert M, Morrhaye G, Swine C, Geenen V, Martens HJ, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Toussaint O. Transcriptomic biomarkers of the response of hospitalized geriatric patients with infectious diseases. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2010; 7:9. [PMID: 20716329 PMCID: PMC2933667 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-7-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Infectious diseases are significant causes of morbidity and mortality among elderly populations. However, the relationship between oxidative stress, immune function and inflammatory response in acute phase of the infectious disease is poorly understood. Results Herein the abundance of a selection of 148 transcripts involved in immunosenescence and stress response was compared in total RNA of PBMC of 28 healthy aged probands and 39 aged patients in acute phase of infectious disease (day 2-4 after hospitalization) or in convalescence phase (day 7-10). This study provides a list of 24 differentially abundant transcript species in the acute phase versus healthy aged. For instance, transcripts associated with inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reactions (TNFRSF1A, IL1R1, IL1R2, IL10RB) and with oxidative stress (HMOX1, GPX1, SOD2, PRDX6) were more abundant while those associated with T-cell functions (CD28, CD69, LCK) were less abundant in acute phase. The abundance of seven of these transcripts (CD28, CD69, LCK, CTSD, HMOX1, TNFRSF1A and PRDX6) was already known to be altered in healthy aged probands compared to healthy young ones and was further affected in aged patients in acute phase, compromising an efficient response. Conclusion This work provides insights of the state of acute phase response to infections in elderly patients and could explain further the lack of appropriate response in the elderly compared to younger persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Duy Vo
- Unit of Research on Cellular Biology, NARILIS-Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur (FUNDP), Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium.
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Remondini D, Salvioli S, Francesconi M, Pierini M, Mazzatti DJ, Powell JR, Zironi I, Bersani F, Castellani G, Franceschi C. Complex patterns of gene expression in human T cells during in vivo aging. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:1983-92. [PMID: 20686723 DOI: 10.1039/c004635c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human aging is associated with complex alterations that contribute to remodelling of physiological processes and ultimately manifests in loss of tissue/organ function. Peripheral blood T cells do not escape this phenomenon and undergo profound remodelling with aging. Thus, investigating the effects of aging on T cells transcriptomics and identifying the underlying regulatory mechanisms can be of extreme importance to understand the aging process in the Immune System (IS). To this aim, we performed an analysis of gene expression data of T cells collected from peripheral blood of 25 healthy human donors of different age from 25 to more than 95 years, in order to characterize changes that occur throughout the entire adult lifespan. By means of microarray analysis, we observed large groups of genes exhibiting non-monotonic expression patterns over time: such behaviour, that could not be observed in typical "two-group" experiments (e.g. young vs. old people) highlights similarities in gene expression profiles of young and "successfully aged" individuals. Genes whose expression profiles change during lifespan were grouped into three main patterns (eigenmodes) to which different biological functions were significantly associated. The analysis of KEGG pathways to which these genes belong indicated that the biological processes altered in T cell aging are not only those typically associated with immune cells (Jak-STAT signalling, T cell receptor signalling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, etc.) but also some not specific of immune cells, such as long-term depression, PPAR and mTOR signalling, glucose and glutathione metabolism, suggesting that T cell aging may be representative of a more generalised aging phenomenon. Thus, the T cell may represent a useful cellular model to study organismal aging. We further searched for over-represented transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) in the promoter regions of genes clustered by similarity of their age-related patterns to evidence possible co-regulation. A comparison between over-representation of TFBSs and the time course of the corresponding transcription factor (TF) expression levels revealed that a restricted group of TFs may play a central role in driving aging-specific changes in gene expression of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Remondini
- Department of Physics, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
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