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dos Santos Ferreira Silva MP, Ferreira MJ, Shecaira TP, da Silva Dias D, Kimura DC, Irigoyen MC, Gomes GN, De Angelis K. Impact of exercise training associated with enalapril treatment on blood pressure variability and renal dysfunctions in an experimental model of arterial hypertension and postmenopause. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296687. [PMID: 38198460 PMCID: PMC10781158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the concurrent exercise training (CET) associated with the enalapril maleate on blood pressure variability (BPV) and renal profile in an experimental model of arterial hypertension (AH) and postmenopause. METHODS Female ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 8/group): sedentary (SO), sedentary + enalapril (SOE), trained (TO) and trained + enalapril (TOE). Both enalapril (3mg/kg) and CET (3 days/week) were conducted during 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was directly recorded for BPV analyses. Renal function, morphology, inflammation and oxidative stress were assessed. RESULTS The SOE, TO e TOE groups presented decreased systolic BP compared with SO. Both trained groups (TO and TOE) presented lower BPV and increased baroreflex sensitivity (TO: 0.76 ± 0.20 and TOE: 1.02 ± 0.40 vs. SO: 0.40 ± 0.07 ms/mmHg) compared with SO group, with additional improvements in TOE group. Creatinine and IL-6 levels were reduced in SOE, TO and TOE compared with SO group, while IL-10 was increased only in TOE group (vs. SO). Enalapril combined with CET promote reduction in lipoperoxidation (TOE: 1.37 ± 0.26 vs. SO: 2.08 ± 0.48 and SOE: 1.84 ± 0.35 μmol/mg protein) and hydrogen peroxide (TOE: 1.89 ± 0.40 vs. SO: 3.70 ± 0.19 and SOE: 2.73 ± 0.70 μM), as well as increase in catalase activity (vs. sedentary groups). The tubulointerstitial injury was lower in interventions groups (SOE, TO and TOE vs. SO), with potentialized benefits in the trained groups. CONCLUSIONS Enalapril combined with CET attenuated BPV and baroreflex dysfunctions, probably impacting on end-organ damage, as demonstrated by attenuation in the AH-induced renal inflammations, oxidative stress and morphofunctional impairments in postmenopausal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maycon Junior Ferreira
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tânia Plens Shecaira
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Silva Dias
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Débora Conte Kimura
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Translational Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Lopes PKF, Costa SDO, Simino LADP, Chaves WF, Silva FA, Costa CL, Milanski M, Ignacio-Souza LM, Torsoni AS, Torsoni MA. Hypothalamic inflammation and the development of an obese phenotype induced by high-fat diet consumption is exacerbated in alpha7 nicotinic cholinergic receptor knockout mice. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113808. [PMID: 38163714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic changes resulting from the consumption of high-fat diets have been linked to low grade inflammation and obesity. Inflammation impairs the hypothalamic expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR). The α7nAChR is described as the main component of the anti-inflammatory cholinergic pathway in different inflammation models. To assess whether the reduction in α7nAChR expression exacerbates hypothalamic inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), were used male and female global α7nAChR knockout mouse line in normal or high-fat diet for 4 weeks. Body weight gain, adiposity, glucose homeostasis, hypothalamic inflammation, food intake, and energy expenditure were evaluated. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated in neuronal cell culture. Consumption of an HFD for 4 weeks resulted in body weight gain and adiposity in male Chrna7-/- mice and the hypothalamus of male Chrna7-/- mice showed neuroinflammatory markers, with increased gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and dysregulation in the nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Moreover, male Chrna7-/- mice consuming an HFD showed alterations in glucose homeostasis and serum of Chrna7-/- mice that consumed an HFD impaired insulin signalling in neuronal cell culture experiments. In general, female Chrna7-/- mice that consumed an HFD did not show the phenotypic and molecular changes found in male mice, indicating that there is sexual dimorphism in the analysed parameters. Thus, receptor deletion resulted in increased susceptibility to hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic damage associated with HFD consumption in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suleyma de Oliveira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Laís A de Paula Simino
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Wenicios Ferreira Chaves
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Franciely Alves Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Caroline Lobo Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Leticia Martins Ignacio-Souza
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Adriana Souza Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil
| | - Marcio Alberto Torsoni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders (Labdime), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
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Yu Z, Jiao Y, Zhao Y, Gu W. Level of Estrogen in Females-The Different Impacts at Different Life Stages. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12121995. [PMID: 36556216 PMCID: PMC9781566 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12121995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, a high level of estrogen in women is regarded as the signature for a longer lifespan than men. Estrogen is known to be responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. Ovariectomy brings on numerous complications such as early menopause, heart disease, and osteoporosis. Thus, ovariectomy impacts the long-term health and lifespan of women. However, the level of estrogen at different life stages should be managed differently. Life quality can be measured in many ways, but mainly it relates to how an individual is doing in terms of being healthy, comfortable, and able to participate in or enjoy life experiences. First of all, ovariectomy not only reduces the level of estrogen but also destroys the reproductive metabolism and potentially other metabolism functions; it may also reduce the lifespan because of the overall impact, not necessary due to the low level of estrogen. Secondly, according to the principal law of the lifespan (PLOSP), the impacts of ovariectomy at different life stages will be different. The objective of this article is to provide readers with a new view of the research on estrogen. Based on the PLOSP, we recapture the estrogen levels at different life stages and explore potential alternative approaches to the manipulation of the levels of estrogen based on the biological features of the difference life stages. Thus, a low level of estrogen in the early life stage may make a woman live longer than a woman with a normal level of estrogen. However, a low estrogen level does not equal ovariectomy. Here, we explain the different impacts of the estrogen levels during different life stages; the effects on the lifespan of the manipulation of estrogen levels at different life stages; and the differences among the estrogen levels, ovariectomy effects, life stages, and lifespan. The personalized manipulation of estrogen levels and relevant growth factors according to the characterization of the life stages may be able to extend the heathy lifespan of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Yu
- Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanfu Road 142, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Yinhuan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatism, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 230 Baoding Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200082, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.G.)
| | - Weikuan Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and BME-Campbell Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- Research Service, Memphis VA Medical Center, 1030 Jefferson Avenue, Memphis, TN 38104, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (W.G.)
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Zhang M, Zhu D, Wan Y, He B, Ma L, Li H, Wen X, Huang R, Chen B, Xiong L, Gao F. Using 7.0 T cardiac magnetic resonance to investigate the effect of estradiol on biventricular structure and function of ovariectomized rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 725:109294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Cruz PL, Moraes-Silva IC, Ribeiro AA, Machi JF, de Melo MDT, Dos Santos F, da Silva MB, Strunz CMC, Caldini EG, Irigoyen MC. Nicotinamide attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetes complications and increases survival rate in rats: role of autonomic nervous system. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:133. [PMID: 34182970 PMCID: PMC8240217 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effect of nicotinamide prior to streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes in baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular autonomic modulation, and its association with hemodynamics and metabolic parameters. METHODS Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into control (Cont) and STZ-induced diabetes (Diab). Half of the rats from each group received a single dose of nicotinamide (100 mg/Kg) before STZ injection (Cont+NicA and Diab+NicA). All groups were followed-up for 5 weeks. RESULTS Body weight loss of more than 40% was observed in Diab throughout the period (Diab: 271.00 ± 12.74 g; Diab+NicA: 344.62 ± 17.82). Increased glycemia was seen in Diab rats (541.28 ± 18.68 mg/dl) while Diab+NicA group had a slight decrease (440.87 ± 20.96 mg/dl). However, insulin resistance was observed only in Diab. In relation to Cont, heart rate, mean blood pressure and diastolic function were reduced when compared to Diab, together with parasympathetic modulation and baroreflex sensitivity. All of these parameters were improved in Diab+NicA when compared to Diab. Improved baroreflex sensitivity and parasympathetic modulation were correlated with glycemia, insulin resistance, and body weight mass. Additionally, Diab+NicA group increased survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the association of nicotinamide in STZ-induced diabetic rats prevents most of the expected derangements mainly by preserving parasympathetic and baroreflex parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula L Cruz
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Ribeiro
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline F Machi
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Melo
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dos Santos
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Maikon Barbosa da Silva
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Celia Maria Cassaro Strunz
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Elia Garcia Caldini
- Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria-Claudia Irigoyen
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Bloco 1, subsolo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
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The Keap1-Nrf2 System: A Mediator between Oxidative Stress and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6635460. [PMID: 34012501 PMCID: PMC8106771 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6635460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, a term that describes the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, leads to the disruption of redox signals and causes molecular damage. Increased oxidative stress from diverse sources has been implicated in most senescence-related diseases and in aging itself. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- (Keap1-) nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) system can be used to monitor oxidative stress; Keap1-Nrf2 is closely associated with aging and controls the transcription of multiple antioxidant enzymes. Simultaneously, Keap1-Nrf2 signaling is also modulated by a more complex regulatory network, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), protein kinase C, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. This review presents more information on aging-related molecular mechanisms involving Keap1-Nrf2. Furthermore, we highlight several major signals involved in Nrf2 unbinding from Keap1, including cysteine modification of Keap1 and phosphorylation of Nrf2, PI3K/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β, sequestosome 1, Bach1, and c-Myc. Additionally, we discuss the direct interaction between Keap1-Nrf2 and the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. In summary, we focus on recent progress in research on the Keap1-Nrf2 system involving oxidative stress and aging, providing an empirical basis for the development of antiaging drugs.
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Wu SJ, Shi ZW, Wang X, Ren FF, Xie ZY, Lei L, Chen P. Activation of the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway Attenuated Angiotension II-Dependent Hypertension and Renal Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593682. [PMID: 33815099 PMCID: PMC8010129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Angiotensin II (AngII) induces renal fibrosis, characterized by fibroblast proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration and excessive extracellular matrix deposition, all of which was relevant closely to hypertension. The vagus nerve-related cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) modulates local and systemic inflammatory responses. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of CAP on renal inflammation and fibrosis. Methods and Results: AngII-induced hypertension was induced in vivo by 14-days low-dose AngII infusion from osmotic minipumps. We used GTS-21 dihydrochloride, a selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. Daily intraperitoneal GTS-21 injection and/or vagotomy started after hypertension was confirmed and continued for 4 weeks. The elevated blood pressure caused by AngII was significantly attenuated by GTS-21. Improved baroreflex sensitivity was observed after GTS-21 administration. Masson stain and immunoblotting revealed that deposition of excessive fibrosis and overexpression of inflammatory cytokines induced by AngII was reduced by GTS-21. To determine the role of autonomic control in CAP, unilateral vagotomy was performed. Vagotomy weakened the effect of CAP on AngII-induced hypertension. In vitro, GTS-21 suppressed NF-κB activation, attenuated AngII-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and reduced inflammation and fibrosis in NRK-52E cells; α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt, an α7-nAChR selective antagonist) partly inhibited these effects. Conclusion: CAP protected against AngII-induced hypertension via improvement in autonomic control, suppression of NF-κB activation, and reduction of renal fibrosis and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jie Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Wei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang-Fang Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zuo-Yi Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Lei
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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FRANCO FSC, NATALI AJ, COSTA NMB. Aerobic exercise attenuates the effects of ovariectomy and sedentarism on body composition and food intake in female rats. REV NUTR 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202134e200263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the impact of low to moderate aerobic exercise and ovariectomy on body composition and food consumption in female rats. Methods Forty adult Wistar female rats (age: 23 weeks; body weight: 275.2±3.6g; mean±SEM) were divided into 4 groups (n=10): laparotomy-sedentary; laparotomy-exercised; ovariectomy-sedentary; and ovariectomy-exercised. The exercised groups were submitted to a treadmill running program (16m/min; 30min/day, 5 days/week), for 8 weeks. Body weight and food consumption were monitored during the experiment. Visceral fat and carcass water, protein, ash, fat and carbohydrate fractions were analyzed. Two-way ANOVA plus the Tukey’s post hoc test was used for comparisons and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results The ovariectomized (ovariectomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-exercised) and sedentary (laparotomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-sedentary) animals showed higher (p<0.05) weight gain, food consumption, food efficiency ratio and weight gain/body weight ratio than laparotomy animals (laparotomy-sedentary+laparotomy-exercised) and exercised (exercised laparotomy+exercised ovariectomy), respectively. The ovariectomized and sedentary animals showed higher (p<0.05) carcass weight, fat percentage and visceral fat than laparotomy and exercised rats, respectively. Conclusion Ovariectomy and physical inactivity increase obesogenic indicators, whereas regular aerobic exercise of low to moderate intensity attenuates these unfavorable effects in female rats.
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