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Tomani JCD, Bonnet O, Nyirimigabo A, Deschamps W, Tchinda AT, Jansen O, Ledoux A, Mukazayire MJ, Vanhamme L, Frédérich M, Muganga R, Souopgui J. In Vitro Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activities of Compounds from the Roots of Eriosema montanum Baker f. (Fabaceae). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092795. [PMID: 34068519 PMCID: PMC8125995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the leading causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa, ranked in the top three infectious diseases in the world. Plants of the Eriosema genus have been reported to be used for the treatment of this disease, but scientific evidence is still missing for some of them. In the present study, the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of the crude extract and compounds from Eriosema montanum Baker f. roots were tested against the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum and revealed using the SYBR Green, a DNA intercalating compound. The cytotoxicity effect of the compounds on a human cancer cell line (THP-1) was assessed to determine their selectivity index. It was found that the crude extract of the plant displayed a significant antiplasmodial activity with an IC50 (µg/mL) = 17.68 ± 4.030 and a cytotoxic activity with a CC50 (µg/mL) = 101.5 ± 12.6, corresponding to a selective antiplasmodial activity of 5.7. Bioactivity-guided isolation of the major compounds of the roots' crude extract afforded seven compounds, including genistein, genistin and eucomic acid. Under our experimental conditions, using Artemisinin as a positive control, eucomic acid showed the best inhibitory activity against the P. falciparum 3D7, a well-known chloroquine-sensitive strain. The present results provide a referential basis to support the traditional use of Eriosema species in the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Didelot Tomani
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.C.D.T.); (A.N.); (M.J.M.); (R.M.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (W.D.); (L.V.)
| | - Olivier Bonnet
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (O.B.); (O.J.); (A.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Alain Nyirimigabo
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.C.D.T.); (A.N.); (M.J.M.); (R.M.)
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (O.B.); (O.J.); (A.L.); (M.F.)
| | - William Deschamps
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (W.D.); (L.V.)
| | - Alembert Tiabou Tchinda
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Yaoundé P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon;
| | - Olivia Jansen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (O.B.); (O.J.); (A.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Allison Ledoux
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (O.B.); (O.J.); (A.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Marie Jeanne Mukazayire
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.C.D.T.); (A.N.); (M.J.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Luc Vanhamme
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (W.D.); (L.V.)
| | - Michel Frédérich
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (O.B.); (O.J.); (A.L.); (M.F.)
| | - Raymond Muganga
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali P.O. Box 3286, Rwanda; (J.C.D.T.); (A.N.); (M.J.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacob Souopgui
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; (W.D.); (L.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-650-9936
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Abstract
X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) is a technique which can obtain three-dimensional images of a sample, including its internal structure, without the need for destructive sectioning. Here, we review the capability of the technique and examine its potential to provide novel insights into the lifestyles of parasites embedded within host tissue. The current capabilities and limitations of the technology in producing contrast in soft tissues are discussed, as well as the potential solutions for parasitologists looking to apply this technique. We present example images of the mouse whipworm Trichuris muris and discuss the application of μCT to provide unique insights into parasite behaviour and pathology, which are inaccessible to other imaging modalities.
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