Experimental model to assess possible medicinal herb interaction with a radiobiocomplex: qualitative and quantitative analysis of kidney, liver and duodenum isolated from treated rats

The effects of the hydroalcohol extract of Rosa canina L. fruit on experimentally nephrolithiasic Wistar rats

This research evaluated the possible therapeutic potential of Rosa canina (RC) as a preventive agent in experimentally induced calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis with ethylene glycol (1% EG) in rats. In this experiment, 50 Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups (n = 10). These groups received tap drinking water (group I), 1% EG (group II), 250 mg/kg RC + 1% EG (group III), 500 mg/kg RC + 1% EG (group IV), or 2.5 g/kg potassium citrate + 1% EG (group V) for a period of 30 days. Blood and urine were collected for biochemical analysis, and the liver and kidneys were prepared for total lipid peroxides, calcium content and histological evaluation. The extract was analysed for total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, citric acid and radical scavenger activity. The supplementation of the hydromethanol RC extract contributed to reducing the kidney and liver lipid peroxides to optimum levels in rats that had been treated with EG-induced CaOx lithiasis. The extract also decreased renal and urinary calcium contents, decreased the size and number of CaOx calculi in the kidneys, and significantly increased citrate excretion without changing the volume, pH, or urinary concentrations of oxalate in comparison with the control group. According to these results, RC can be useful as a preventive agent against the formation of CaOx kidney stones.

Guidance for nuclear medicine staff on radiopharmaceuticals drug interaction

Numerous drug interactions related to radiopharmaceuticals take place every day in hospitals many of which are not reported or detected. Information concerning this kind of reaction is not abundant, and nuclear medicine staff are usually overwhelmed by this information. To better understand this type of reaction, and to help nuclear medicine staff deal with it, a review of the literature was conducted. The results show that almost all of radiopharmaceuticals marketed around the world present drug interactions with a large variety of compounds. This suggests that a logical framework to make decisions based on reviews incorporating adverse reactions must be created. The review also showed that researchers undertaking a review of literature, or even a systematic review that incorporates drug interactions, must understand the rationale for the suggested methods and be able to implement them in their review. Additionally, a global effort should be made to report as many cases of drug interaction with radiopharmaceuticals as possible. With this, a complete picture of drug interactions with radiopharmaceuticals can be drawn.

Radiopharmaceuticals drug interactions: a critical review

Radiopharmaceuticals play a critical role in modern medicine primarily for diagnostic purposes, but also for monitoring disease progression and response to treatment. As the use of image has been increased, so has the use of prescription medications. These trends increase the risk of interactions between medications and radiopharmaceuticals. These interactions which have an impact on image by competing with the radiopharmaceutical for binding sites for example can lead to false negative results. Drugs that accelerate the metabolism of the radiopharmaceutical can have a positive impact (i.e. speeding its clearance) or, if repeating image is needed, a negative impact. In some cases, for example in cardiac image among patients taking doxirubacin, these interactions may have a therapeutic benefit. The incidence of drug-radiopharmaceuticals adverse reactions is unknown, since they may not be reported or even recognized. Here,we compiled the medical literature, using the criteria of a systematic review established by the Cochrane Collaboration, on pharmaceutical-drug interactions to provide a summary of documented interactions by organ system and radiopharmaceuticals. The purpose is to provide a reference on drug interactions that could inform the nuclear medicine staff in their daily routine. Efforts to increase adverse event reporting, and ideally consolidate reports worldwide, can provide a critically needed resource for prevention of drug-radiopharmaceuticals interactions.