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Wang X, Wu T. An update on the biological effects of quantum dots: From environmental fate to risk assessment based on multiple biological models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163166. [PMID: 37011691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are zero-dimension nanomaterials with excellent physical and chemical properties, which have been widely used in environmental science and biomedicine. Therefore, QDs are potential to cause toxicity to the environment and enter organisms through migration and bioenrichment effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis on the adverse effects of QDs in different organisms based on recently available data. Following PRISMA guidelines, this study searched PubMed database according to the pre-set keywords, and included 206 studies according to the inclusion and elimination criteria. CiteSpace software was firstly used to analyze the keywords of included literatures, search for breaking points of former studies, and summarize the classification, characterization and dosage of QDs. The environment fate of QDs in the ecosystems were then analyzed, followed with comprehensively summarized toxicity outcomes at individual, system, cell, subcellular and molecular levels. After migration and degradation in the environment, aquatic plants, bacteria, fungi as well as invertebrates and vertebrates have been found to be suffered from toxic effects caused by QDs. Aside from systemic effects, toxicity of intrinsic QDs targeting to specific organs, including respiratory system, cardiovascular system, hepatorenal system, nervous system and immune system were confirmed in multiple animal models. Moreover, QDs could be taken up by cells and disturb the organelles, which resulted in cellular inflammation and cell death, including autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Recently, several innovative technologies, like organoids have been applied in the risk assessment of QDs to promote the surgical interventions of preventing QDs' toxicity. This review not only aimed at updating the research progress on the biological effects of QDs from environmental fate to risk assessment, but also overcame the limitations of available reviews on basic toxicity of nanomaterials by interdisciplinarity and provided new insights for better applications of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, PR China; School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Hu P, Huang R, Xu Y, Li T, Yin J, Yang Y, Liang Y, Mao X, Ding L, Shu C. A novel and sensitive ratiometric fluorescent quantum dot-based biosensor for alkaline phosphatase detection in biological samples via the inner-filter effect. RSC Adv 2023; 13:2311-2317. [PMID: 36741147 PMCID: PMC9841509 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06956c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important biomarker whose abnormal level in activity is associated with hepatobiliary, skeletal, and renal diseases as well as cancer. Herein, we synthesized ZnSe@ZnS quantum dots (ZnSe@ZnS QDs) and Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (Mn:ZnS QDs) as fluorophores to establish the ratiometric fluorescent assay for ALP activity detection in biological samples. p-Nitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) was used as a substrate for ALP, and the overlaps between absorption spectra of PNPP and excitation spectra of QDs resulted in sharp fluorescence quenching. Under the catalysis of ALP, PNPP was hydrolyzed into p-nitrophenol (PNP), which caused a red shift of absorption band of PNPP and fluorescence recovery of Mn:ZnS QDs (585 nm). However, the overlaps between absorption spectra of PNP and emission spectra of ZnSe@ZnS QDs led a further quenching of ZnSe@ZnS QDs (405 nm). Therefore, the ratiometric fluorescent signals (F 585/F 405) were associated with activity of ALP based on bidirectional responses of QDs to the concentration of PNPP. Under the optimum conditions, the method exhibited a good linear relationship from 4 to 96 U per L (R 2 = 0.9969) with the detection limit of 0.57 U per L. Moreover, the method was successfully applied for detecting the ALP activity in a complex biological matrix (human serum and HepG2 cells) with impressive specificity. In particular, the complicated chemical modifications of QDs and pretreatments of biological samples were not required in the whole detection procedures. Therefore, it not only provided a sensitive, specific and simple approach to clinical ALP activity detection, but it also provided support for early diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Ruiyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Ye Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Xiaohan Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China
| | - Li Ding
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
| | - Chang Shu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of EducationNanjing 210009China,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University24 TongjiaxiangNanjing211198P. R. China
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Sahu SC, Khataee A, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Vasseghian Y. "Nanomaterial-based technologies for determination of food toxicity". Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 158:112655. [PMID: 34736974 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saura C Sahu
- Former Research Chemist, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Caixa Postal: 6121, 13083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
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Ding Y, Yang Y, Chen J, Chen H, Wu Y, Jin L. Toxic effects of ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots on the reproduction and genotoxiticy of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 247:109065. [PMID: 33915279 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have excellent optical properties, but researchers have not clearly determined whether they cause harm to organisms. In the present study, the effect of ZnSe/ZnS QDs on the parents and offspring of rare minnow were evaluated for the first time. Exposure to ZnSe/ZnS QDs altered the testicular structure, caused sperm DNA damage and decreased sperm motility in males. They also suppressed the expression of reproduction-related genes, such as androgen receptor (Ar), DM-related transcription factor 1 (Dmrt1), estrogen receptor (Er), and X-ray repair cross complementing gene 1 (Xrcc1). Continued monitoring of the F1 generation revealed that the embryonic development of the F1 generation was abnormal and the growth index of the F1 generation of adult fish showed hormesis. A comet assay showed that the F1 generation still had DNA damage in the 400 and 800 nmol/L groups at 96 h post-fertilization (hpf). Thus, ZnSe/ZnS QDs damaged the reproductive system of the rare minnow, and this effect continued to the F1 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yingyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Li N, Chen L, Zeng C, Yang H, He S, Wei Q. Comparative Toxicity, Biodistribution and Excretion of Ultra-Small Gold Nanoclusters with Different Emission Wavelengths. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:1778-1787. [PMID: 34688322 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The exponentially increased use of gold nanoclusters in diagnosis and treatment has raised serious concern about their potential threat to living organisms. However, the mechanisms of toxicity of gold nanoclusters in vitro and in vivo remain poorly understood. In this work, comparative toxicity studies, including biodistribution and excretion, were carried out with mildly and chemically synthesized ultra-small L-histidine-protected and bovine serum albumin (BSA)-protected gold nanoclusters in an all-aqueous process. These nanoclusters did not induce a remarkable impact on cell viability, even at relatively high concentrations (100 μg/mL). The haemolytic assay demonstrated that the gold nanoclusters could not destroy blood cell at 600 μg/mL. After intravenous injection with mice, the biocompatibility, biodistribution, and excretion were determined. Quantitative analysis results showed that accumulation varied in the liver, spleen, kidney, and lung, though primarily in the liver and spleen. They were excreted in urine and faeces, but mainly excreted through urine. In our study, no obvious abnormalities were found in body weight, behavioral changes, blood and serum biochemical indicators, and histopathology. These findings suggested that both gold nanoclusters showed similar effects in vivo and were safe and biocompatible, laying the foundation for safe biomedical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Lina Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Chujie Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Huanggen Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Silian He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
| | - Qingmin Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry & Biotechnology, College of Chemistry & Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, PR China
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Yang T, Huo J, Xu R, Su Q, Tang W, Zhang D, Zhu M, Zhan Y, Dai B, Zhang Y. Selenium sulfide disrupts the PLAGL2/C-MET/STAT3-induced resistance against mitochondrial apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e536. [PMID: 34586726 PMCID: PMC8441139 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Overexpression of pleomorphic adenoma gene like-2 (PLAGL2) is associated with tumorigenesis. However, its function in HCC is unclear, and there are currently no anti-HCC drugs that target PLAGL2. Drug repositioning may facilitate the development of PLAGL2-targeted drug candidates. METHODS The expression of PLAGL2 in HCC clinical tissue samples and HCC cell lines was analyzed by western blotting. The constructed HCC cell models were used to confirm the underlying function of PLAGL2 as a therapeutic target. Multiple in vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to determine the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of selenium sulfide (SeS2 ), which is clinically used for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis and tinea versicolor. RESULTS PLAGL2 expression was higher in HCC tumor tissues than in normal adjacent tissues. Its overexpression promoted the resistance of HCC cells of mitochondrial apoptosis through the regulation of the downstream C-MET/STAT3 signaling axis. SeS2 exerted significant anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects on HCC cells in a PLAGL2-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SeS2 suppressed C-MET/STAT3, AKT/mTOR, and MAPK signaling and triggered Bcl-2/Cyto C/Caspase-mediated intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal an important role of PLAGL2 in apoptosis resistance in HCC and highlight the potential of using SeS2 as a PLAGL2 inhibitor in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Yang
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Jian Huo
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Qi Su
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Tang
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Man Zhu
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Yingzhuan Zhan
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Bingling Dai
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of PharmacyHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anP. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Natural Medicines Research and EngineeringXi'anP. R. China
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