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Adrenomedullin insufficiency alters macrophage activities in fallopian tube: a pathophysiologic explanation of tubal ectopic pregnancy. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:743-752. [PMID: 32203061 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-020-0278-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic pregnancy is the major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. Tubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP) accounts for nearly 98% of all ectopic pregnancies. TEP is usually associated with salpingitis but the underlying mechanism in salpingitis leading to TEP remains unclear. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone abundantly expressed in the fallopian tube with potent anti-inflammatory activities. Its expression peaks at the early luteal phase when the developing embryo is being transported through the fallopian tube. In the present study, we demonstrated reduced expression of ADM in fallopian tubes of patients with salpingitis and TEP. Using macrophages isolated from the fallopian tubes of these women, our data revealed that the salpingistis-associated ADM reduction contributed to aggravated pro-inflammatory responses of the tubal macrophages resulting in production of pro-inflammatory and pro-implantation cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. These cytokines activated the expression of implantation-associated molecules and Wnt signaling pathway predisposing the tubal epithelium to an adhesive and receptive state for embryo implantation. In conclusion, this study provided evidence for the role of ADM in the pathogenesis of TEP through regulating the functions of tubal macrophages.
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Zhao Y, Yang X, Jia Z, Reid RL, Leclerc P, Kan FWK. Recombinant human oviductin regulates protein tyrosine phosphorylation and acrosome reaction. Reproduction 2016; 152:561-573. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian oviduct synthesizes and secretes a major glycoprotein known as oviductin (OVGP1), which has been shown to interact with gametes and early embryos. Here we report the use of recombinant DNA technology to produce, for the first time, the secretory form of human OVGP1 in HEK293 cells. HEK293 colonies stably expressing recombinant human OVGP1 (rHuOVGP1) were established by transfecting cells with an expression vector pCMV6-Entry constructed with OVGP1 cDNA. Large quantities of rHuOVGP1 were obtained from the stably transfected cells using the CELLSPIN cell cultivation system. A two-step purification system was carried out to yield rHuOVGP1 with a purity of >95%. Upon gel electrophoresis, purified rHuOVGP1 showed a single band corresponding to the 120–150 kDa size range of human OVGP1. Mass spectrometric analysis of the purified rHuOVGP1 revealed its identity as human oviductin. Immunofluorescence showed the binding of rHuOVGP1 to different regions of human sperm cell surfaces in various degrees of intensity. Prior treatment of sperm with 1% Triton X-100 altered the immunostaining pattern of rHuOVGP1 with an intense immunostaining over the equatorial segment and post-acrosomal region as well as along the length of the tail. Addition of rHuOVGP1 in the capacitating medium further enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation of sperm proteins in a time-dependent manner. After 4-h incubation in the presence of rHuOVGP1, the number of acrosome-reacted sperm induced by calcium ionophore significantly increased. The successful production of rHuOVGP1 can now facilitate the study of the role of human OVGP1 in fertilization and early embryo development.
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Zandieh Z, Amjadi F, Ashrafi M, Aflatoonian A, Fazeli A, Aflatoonian R. The Effect of Estradiol and Progesterone on Toll Like Receptor Gene Expression in A Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cell Line. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 17:678-91. [PMID: 26862527 PMCID: PMC4746418 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective Toll like receptors (TLRs) are one of the main components of the innate im-
mune system. It has been reported that expression of these receptors are altered in the
female reproductive tract (FRT) during menstrual cycle. Here we used a fallopian tube
epithelial cell line (OE-E6/E7) to evaluate the effect of two sex hormones in modulating
TLR expression.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, initially TLR gene expression in OE-
E6/E7 cells was evaluated and compared with that of fallopian tube tissue using quanti-
tative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunostaining. Thereafter,
OE-E6/E7 cells were cultured with different concentrations of estradiol and progesterone,
and combination of both. qRT-PCR was performed to reveal any changes in expression of
TLR genes as a result of hormonal treatment.
Results TLR1-10 genes were expressed in human fallopian tube tissue. TLR1-6 genes
and their respective proteins were expressed in the OE-E6/E7 cell line. Although estradiol
and progesterone separately had no significant effect on TLR expression, their combined
treatment altered the expression of TLRs in this cell line. Also, the pattern of TLR expres-
sion in preovulation (P), mensturation (M) and window of implantation (W) were the same
for all TLRs with no significant differences between P, M and W groups.
Conclusion These data show the significant involvement of the combination of es-
tradiol and progesterone in modulation of TLR gene expression in this human fal-
lopian tube cell line. Further experiments may reveal the regulatory mechanism and
signalling pathway behind the effect of sex hormones in modulating TLRs in the hu-
man FRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Zandieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemehsadat Amjadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ashrafi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Aflatoonian
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Aflatoonian
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Huang VW, Lee CL, Lee YL, Lam KK, Ko JK, Yeung WS, Ho PC, Chiu PC. Sperm fucosyltransferase-5 mediates spermatozoa–oviductal epithelial cell interaction to protect human spermatozoa from oxidative damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 21:516-26. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zandieh Z, Ashrafi M, Jameie B, Amanpour S, Mosaffa N, Salman Yazdi R, Pacey A, Aflatoonian R. Evaluation of immunological interaction between spermatozoa and fallopian tube epithelial cells. Andrologia 2015; 47:1120-30. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zandieh
- Anatomy Department; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Ashrafi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - B. Jameie
- Anatomy Department; School of Medicine; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Amanpour
- Valie-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - N. Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - R. Salman Yazdi
- Department of Andrology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Pacey
- Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - R. Aflatoonian
- Department of Endocrinology and Female Infertility at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine; ACECR; Tehran Iran
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Backman S, Kollara A, Haw R, Stein L, Brown TJ. Glucocorticoid-induced reversal of interleukin-1β-stimulated inflammatory gene expression in human oviductal cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97997. [PMID: 24848801 PMCID: PMC4029821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies indicate that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), the most common epithelial ovarian carcinoma histotype, originates from the fallopian tube epithelium (FTE). Risk factors for this cancer include reproductive parameters associated with lifetime ovulatory events. Ovulation is an acute inflammatory process during which the FTE is exposed to follicular fluid containing both pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin-1 (IL1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and cortisol. Repeated exposure to inflammatory cytokines may contribute to transforming events in the FTE, with glucocorticoids exerting a protective effect. The global response of FTE cells to inflammatory cytokines or glucocorticoids has not been investigated. To examine the response of FTE cells and the ability of glucocorticoids to oppose this response, an immortalized human FTE cell line, OE-E6/E7, was treated with IL1β, dexamethasone (DEX), IL1β and DEX, or vehicle and genome-wide gene expression profiling was performed. IL1β altered the expression of 47 genes of which 17 were reversed by DEX. DEX treatment alone altered the expression of 590 genes, whereas combined DEX and IL1β treatment altered the expression of 784 genes. Network and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that many genes altered by DEX are involved in cytokine, chemokine, and cell cycle signaling, including NFκΒ target genes and interacting proteins. Quantitative real time RT-PCR studies validated the gene array data for IL8, IL23A, PI3 and TACC2 in OE-E6/E7 cells. Consistent with the array data, Western blot analysis showed increased levels of PTGS2 protein induced by IL1β that was blocked by DEX. A parallel experiment using primary cultured human FTE cells indicated similar effects on PTGS2, IL8, IL23A, PI3 and TACC2 transcripts. These findings support the hypothesis that pro-inflammatory signaling is induced in FTE cells by inflammatory mediators and raises the possibility that dysregulation of glucocorticoid signaling could contribute to increased risk for HGSOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Backman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Kollara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Informatics and Bio-Computing, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Informatics and Bio-Computing, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Theodore J. Brown
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Huang VW, Zhao W, Lee CL, Lee CYL, Lam KKW, Ko JKY, Yeung WSB, Ho PC, Chiu PCN. Cell membrane proteins from oviductal epithelial cell line protect human spermatozoa from oxidative damage. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1444-1452.e3. [PMID: 23312221 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the potential protective action in vitro of oviductal epithelial cell membrane proteins against oxidative damage in human spermatozoa. DESIGN Prospective in vitro study. SETTING University research laboratory and infertility clinic. PATIENT(S) Semen from men attending the infertility clinic at the Queen Mary Hospital with normal semen parameters (World Health Organization, 2010). INTERVENTION(S) We studied the effect of oviductal epithelial cell membrane proteins on the sperm functions and endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Sperm motility, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities. RESULT(S) Oviductal epithelial cell membrane proteins bind to the human spermatozoa and protect them from ROS-induced damages in terms of sperm motility, membrane integrity, DNA integrity, and intracellular ROS level. Spermatozoa-oviduct epithelial cell interaction also enhances the antioxidant defenses in spermatozoa. CONCLUSION(S) Our results demonstrated the protective effects of spermatozoon-oviductal epithelial cell interaction against oxidative stress in human spermatozoa. The results enhance our understanding of the protective mechanism of oviduct on sperm functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venus W Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, PR China
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Yang X, Tao S, Orlando R, Brockhausen I, Kan FWK. Structures and biosynthesis of the N- and O-glycans of recombinant human oviduct-specific glycoprotein expressed in human embryonic kidney cells. Carbohydr Res 2012; 358:47-55. [PMID: 22817996 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oviduct-specific glycoprotein (OVGP1) is a major mucin-like glycoprotein synthesized and secreted exclusively by non-ciliated secretory cells of mammalian oviduct. In vitro functional studies showed that OVGP1 plays important roles during fertilization and early embryo development. We have recently produced recombinant human oviduct-specific glycoprotein (rhOVGP1) in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. The present study was undertaken to characterize the structures and determine the biosynthetic pathways of the N- and O-glycans of rhOVGP1. Treatment of the stable rhOVGP1-expressing HEK293 cells with either GalNAcα-Bn to block O-glycan extension, tunicamycin to block N-glycosylation, or neuraminidase increased the electrophoretic mobility of rhOVGP1. A detailed analysis of O- and N-linked glycans of rhOVGP1 by mass spectrometry showed a broad range of many simple and complex glycan structures. In order to identify the enzymes involved in the glycosylation of rhOVGP1, we assayed glycosyltransferase activities involved in the assembly of O- and N-glycans in HEK293 cells, and compared these to those from the immortalized human oviductal cells (OE-E6/E7). Our results demonstrate that HEK293 and OE-E6/E7 cells exhibit a similar spectrum of glycosyltransferase activities that can synthesize elongated and sialylated O-glycans with core 1 and 2 structures, as well as complex multiantennary N-glycans. It is anticipated that the knowledge gained from the present study will facilitate future studies of the role of the glycans of human OVGP1 in fertilization and early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Bridges PJ, Jeoung M, Shim S, Park JY, Lee JE, Sapsford LA, Trudgen K, Ko C, Gye MC, Jo M. Hematopoetic prostaglandin D synthase: an ESR1-dependent oviductal epithelial cell synthase. Endocrinology 2012; 153:1925-35. [PMID: 22374975 PMCID: PMC3320253 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oviductal disease is a primary cause of infertility, a problem that largely stems from excessive inflammation of this key reproductive organ. Our poor understanding of the mechanisms regulating oviductal inflammation restricts our ability to diagnose, treat, and/or prevent oviductal disease. Using mice, our objective was to determine the spatial localization, regulatory mechanism, and functional attributes of a hypothesized regulator of oviductal inflammation, the hematopoietic form of prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS). Immunohistochemistry revealed specific localization of HPGDS to the oviduct's epithelium. In the isthmus, expression of HPGDS was consistent. In the ampulla, expression of HPGDS appeared dependent upon stage of the estrous cycle. HPGDS was expressed in the epithelium of immature and cycling mice but not in the oviducts of estrogen receptor α knockouts. Two receptor subtypes bind PGD₂: PGD₂ receptor and G protein-coupled receptor 44. Expression of mRNA for Ptgdr was higher in the epithelial cells (EPI) than in the stroma (P < 0.05), whereas mRNA for Gpr44 was higher in the stroma than epithelium (P < 0.05). Treatment of human oviductal EPI with HQL-79, an inhibitor of HPGDS, decreased cell viability (P < 0.05). Treatment of mice with HQL-79 increased mRNA for chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 3, 4, and 19; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligands 11 and 12; IL-13 and IL-17B; and TNF receptor superfamily, member 1b (P < 0.02 for each mRNA). Overall, these results suggest that HPGDS may play a role in the regulation of inflammation and EPI health within the oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J Bridges
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.
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Jung JG, Park TS, Kim JN, Han BK, Lee SD, Song G, Han JY. Characterization and Application of Oviductal Epithelial Cells In Vitro in Gallus domesticus1. Biol Reprod 2011; 85:798-807. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.111.092023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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