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Ge D, Luo T, Sun Y, Liu M, Lyu Y, Yin W, Li R, Zhang Y, Yue H, Liu N. Natural diterpenoid EKO activates deubiqutinase ATXN3 to preserve vascular endothelial integrity and alleviate diabetic retinopathy through c-fos/focal adhesion axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129341. [PMID: 38218272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most prevalent severe diabetic microvascular complications caused by hyperglycemia. Deciphering the underlying mechanism of vascular injury and finding ways to alleviate hyperglycemia induced microvascular complications is of great necessity. In this study, we identified that a compound ent-9α-hydroxy-15-oxo-16-kauren-19-oic acid (EKO), the diterpenoid isolated and purified from Pteris semipinnata L., exhibited good protective roles against vascular endothelial injury associated with diabetic retinopathy in vitro and in vivo. To further uncover the underlying mechanism, we used unbiased transcriptome sequencing analysis and showed substantial impairment in the focal adhesion pathway upon high glucose and IL-1β stimulation. EKO could effectively improve endothelial focal adhesion pathway by enhancing the expression of two focal adhesion proteins Vinculin and ITGA11. We found that c-fos protein was involved in regulating the expression of Vinculin and ITGA11, a transcription factor component that was downregulated by high glucose and IL-1β stimulation and recovered by EKO. Mechanically, EKO facilitated the binding of deubiquitylation enzyme ATXN3 to c-fos protein and promoted its deubiquitylation, thereby elevating its protein level to enhance the expression of Vinculin and ITGA11. Besides, EKO effectively suppressed ROS production and restored mitochondrial function. In vivo studies, we confirmed EKO could alleviate some of the indicators of diabetic mice. In addition, protein levels of ATXN3 and focal adhesion Vinculin molecule were also verified in vivo. Collectively, our findings addressed the endothelial protective role of natural diterpenoid EKO, with emphasize of mechanism on ATXN3/c-fos/focal adhesion signaling pathway as well as oxygen stress suppression, implicating its therapeutic potential in alleviating vascular endothelium injury and diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ge
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Yajie Sun
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Mengjia Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Yuzhu Lyu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Wenying Yin
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Rongxian Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Hongwei Yue
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Na Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China.
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Soliman AF, Elimam DM, El-Senduny FF, Alossaimi MA, Alamri M, Abdel Bar FM. Design, biological evaluation, and molecular modelling insights of cupressic acid derivatives as promising anti-inflammatory agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2187327. [PMID: 36912259 PMCID: PMC10013213 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2187327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The major labdanes in the oleogum resin of Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco, 13-epi-cupressic acid (1) and acetyl-13-epi-cupressic acid (2) were used to prepare seven new (3-9), along with one known (10) derivatives. RAW264.7 cells were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the derivatives (1-10) via measuring the level of COX-2 expression and IL-6. Pre-treated RAW264.7 cells with 1-10 (except for derivative 7) at 25 µM for 24h exhibited downregulation of COX-2 expression in response to LPS stimulation. Moreover, pre-treatment with compounds 1, 2, or 3 significantly attenuated the LPS-stimulated IL-6 level in RAW264.7 cells (p < 0.05). A docking study was conducted against phospholipase A2 (PLA2), a crucial enzyme in initiating the inflammatory cascade. The significant structural features of compounds (1-10) as PLA2 inhibitors included the carbonyl group at C-4 (free or substituted) and the hydrophobic diterpenoid skeleton. This study suggested 13-epi-cupressic acid as a scaffold for new anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal F Soliman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Diaaeldin M Elimam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Manal A Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma M Abdel Bar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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