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Hongchao D, Ma L, Xu Z, Soteyome T, Yuan L, Yang Z, Jiao XA. Invited review: Role of Bacillus licheniformis in the dairy industry- friends or foes? J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00904-4. [PMID: 38851582 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is one of the major spore-forming bacteria with great genotypic diversity in raw milk, dairy ingredients, final dairy products, and is found throughout the dairy processing continuum. Though being widely used as a probiotic strain, this species also serves as a potential risk in the dairy industry based on its roles in foodborne illness and dairy spoilage. Biofilm formation of B. licheniformis in combined with the heat resistance of its spores, make it impossible to prevent the presence of B. licheniformis in final dairy products by traditional cleaning and disinfection procedures. Despite the extensive efforts on the identification of B. licheniformis from various dairy samples, no reviews have been reported on both hazard and benefits of this spore-former. This review discusses the prevalence of B. licheniformis from raw milk to commercial dairy products, biofilm formation and spoilage potential of B. licheniformis, and its potential prevention methods. In addition, the potential benefits of B. licheniformis in the dairy industry were also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Hongchao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009 China
| | - Lili Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China
| | - Zhenbo Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanapop Soteyome
- Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lei Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009 China.
| | - Zhenquan Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127 China
| | - Xin-An Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009 China
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Li X, He Y, Yang W, Mu D, Zhang M, Dai Y, Zheng Z, Jiang S, Wu X. Comparative analysis of the microbial community and nutritional quality of sufu. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4117-4126. [PMID: 34401063 PMCID: PMC8358361 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufu is a type of fermented food with abundant nutrients and delicious taste. It is made from the fermentation of tofu by various microorganisms. In this study, three types of sufu were prepared through natural fermentation: (NF), single-strain fermentation (SF), and mixed-strain fermentation (MF). Microbial species, amino acids, and fatty acids were identified to investigate dynamic changes in nutritional quality and microbial flora in sufu. The results showed that the number of microbial species in NF sufu was the highest (n = 284), whereas that in SF sufu was the lowest (n = 194). Overall, 153 microbial species were found in all three types of sufu. Relative abundance analysis also revealed that Tetragonococcus, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus were the main bacteria in sufu. However, there was a large number of harmful bacteria such as Enterococcaceae in NF sufu. The levels of various nutrients were low in SF sufu, whereas the contents of protein and soy isoflavones were higher in NF and MF sufu. Seventeen kinds of amino acids were detected, comprising seven essential amino acids and ten other amino acids. The contents of essential amino acids and essential fatty acids were higher in MF sufu than the other two types, resulting in its high nutritional value. The sufu produced through the three fermentation methods differed significantly (p < .05) in terms of microbial flora and nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Wei Yang
- Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Dongdong Mu
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Yilong Dai
- Anhui Bagongshan Bean Foods Product Co.ShouxianChina
| | - Zhi Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Shaotong Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui ProvinceSchool of Food and Biological EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei, Anhui ProvinceChina
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Martins L, Fernandes C, Albuquerque P, Tavares F. Assessment of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Bacterial Load in Infected Walnut Fruits by Quantitative PCR. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:2577-2586. [PMID: 31347945 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-18-2253-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis is the etiologic agent of important walnut (Juglans regia L.) diseases, causing severe fruit drop and high economic losses in walnut production regions. Rapid diagnostics and knowledge of bacterial virulence fitness are key to hinder disease progression and apply timely phytosanitary measures. This work describes an X. arboricola pv. juglandis-specific real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) using X. arboricola pv. juglandis-specific DNA markers to quantify the bacterial load in infected walnut plant tissues. Method validation was achieved using calibration curves obtained with serial dilutions of X. arboricola pv. juglandis chromosomal DNA and standard curves obtained from walnut samples spiked with X. arboricola pv. juglandis cells. High correlations (R2 > 0.990 and > 0.995) and low limits of detection (35 chromosomes/qPCR reaction and 2.7 CFU/qPCR reaction) were obtained for both markers considering the calibration and standard curves, respectively. Assessment of qPCR repeatability, reproducibility, and specificity allowed us to demonstrate the reliability and consistency of the method. Furthermore, in planta quantification of X. arboricola pv. juglandis bacterial load using infected walnut fruit samples showed a higher detection resolution compared with standard PCR detection. By allowing quantification of virulence fitness of distinct X. arboricola pv. juglandis strains in planta, the proposed qPCR method may contribute to assertive risk assessment of walnut diseases caused by X. arboricola pv. juglandis and ultimately help to improve phytosanitary practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Martins
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO - Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Camila Fernandes
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO - Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INIAV - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro Albuquerque
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO - Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Tavares
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO - Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- FCUP - Faculdade de Ciências, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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