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Extraction Systems and Analytical Techniques for Food Phenolic Compounds: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223671. [PMID: 36429261 PMCID: PMC9689915 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are highly valuable food components due to their potential utilisation as natural bioactive and antioxidant molecules for the food, cosmetic, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. For this purpose, the development and optimisation of efficient extraction methods is crucial to obtain phenolic-rich extracts and, for some applications, free of interfering compounds. It should be accompanied with robust analytical tools that enable the standardisation of phenolic-rich extracts for industrial applications. New methodologies based on both novel extraction and/or analysis are also implemented to characterise and elucidate novel chemical structures and to face safety, pharmacology, and toxicity issues related to phenolic compounds at the molecular level. Moreover, in combination with multivariate analysis, the extraction and analysis of phenolic compounds offer tools for plant chemotyping, food traceability and marker selection in omics studies. Therefore, this study reviews extraction techniques applied to recover phenolic compounds from foods and agri-food by-products, including liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid extraction assisted by intensification technologies, solid-phase extraction, and combined methods. It also provides an overview of the characterisation techniques, including UV-Vis, infra-red, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and others used in minor applications such as Raman spectroscopy and ion mobility spectrometry, coupled or not to chromatography. Overall, a wide range of methodologies are now available, which can be applied individually and combined to provide complementary results in the roadmap around the study of phenolic compounds.
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Razem M, Ding Y, Morozova K, Mazzetto F, Scampicchio M. Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Food by Coulometric Array Detector: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:7498. [PMID: 36236596 PMCID: PMC9572987 DOI: 10.3390/s22197498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are an important group of organic molecules with high radical scavenging, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The emerging interest in phenolic compounds in food products has led to the development of various analytical techniques for their detection and characterization. Among them, the coulometric array detector is a sensitive, selective, and precise method for the analysis of polyphenols. This review discusses the principle of this method and recent advances in its development, as well as trends in its application for the analysis of phenolic compounds in food products, such as fruits, cereals, beverages, herbs, and spices.
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Pacifico S, Bláha P, Faramarzi S, Fede F, Michaličková K, Piccolella S, Ricciardi V, Manti L. Differential Radiomodulating Action of Olea europaea L. cv. Caiazzana Leaf Extract on Human Normal and Cancer Cells: A Joint Chemical and Radiobiological Approach. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081603. [PMID: 36009322 PMCID: PMC9404970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of a natural compound with selectively differential radiomodulating activity would arguably represent a valuable asset in the striving quest for widening the therapeutic window in cancer radiotherapy (RT). To this end, we fully characterized the chemical profile of olive tree leaf polyphenols from the Caiazzana cultivar (OLC), autochthonous to the Campania region (Italy), by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-MS). Oleacein was the most abundant molecule in the OLC. Two normal and two cancer cells lines were X-ray-irradiated following 24-h treatment with the same concentration of the obtained crude extract and were assessed for their radioresponse in terms of micronucleus (MN) induction and, for one of the normal cell lines, of premature senescence (PS). Irradiation of pre-treated normal cells in the presence of the OLC reduced the frequency of radiation-induced MN and the onset of PS. Conversely, the genotoxic action of ionising radiation was exacerbated in cancer cells under the same experimental conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the dual action of a polyphenol-rich olive leaf extract on radiation-induced damage. If further confirmed, these findings may be pre-clinically relevant and point to a substance that may potentially counteract cancer radioresistance while reducing RT-associated normal tissue toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severina Pacifico
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pavel Bláha
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Shadab Faramarzi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149-67346, Iran
| | - Francesca Fede
- Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Katarina Michaličková
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valerio Ricciardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Manti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Napoli, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica “E. Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Laka K, Mbita Z. P53-Related Anticancer Activities of Drimia calcarata Bulb Extracts Against Lung Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:876213. [PMID: 35769912 PMCID: PMC9235921 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.876213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current lung cancer treatment strategies are ineffective, and lung cancer cases continue to soar; thus, novel anticancer drugs and targets are needed, and medicinal plants are promising to offer better alternatives. This study was aimed at analysing two p53 splice variants during the potential anticancer activities of Drimia calcarata (Dc) methanol and water extracts against different human lung cancer cell lines of varying p53 mutation status, and these included mutant H1573 and mutant H1437 and p53-wild type (A549) cells. The anticancer activities of the Dc extracts were assessed by establishing the cytotoxic effect and the apoptosis-inducing capacity of these extracts, using the MTT assay and Annexin V analysis, respectively, with the latter confirmed using fluorescence microscopy. The molecular mechanisms induced by these extracts were further evaluated using cell cycle analysis and RT-PCR. Both extracts demonstrated safety against noncancerous lung MRC-5 fibroblasts and exhibited significant anticancer potency (p < 0.001) against the H1437 (IC50 values: 62.50 μg/ml methanol extract and 125 μg/ml WE), H1573 (IC50 value: 125 μg/ml for both extracts) and A549 (IC50 value: 500 μg/ml ME). The water extract had no effect on the viability of A549 cells. Treated H1437 cells underwent p53-dependent apoptosis and S-phase cell cycle arrest while H1573 treated cells underwent p53-independed apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest through upregulation of p21 mRNA expression levels. The expression levels of STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B genes increased significantly (p < 0.001) following the treatment of H1573 cells with ME and WE. Treatment of H1437 cells with ME upregulated the STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B mRNAs. Our results indicate that the proliferative inhibitory effect of D. calcarata extracts on A549 and H1573 cells is correlated with the suppression of Bcl-2, STAT3 and STAT5B while that is not the case in H1437 cells. Thus, our results suggest that the dysregulation of anti-apoptotic molecules Bcl-2, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B in H1437 may play a role in cancer cell survival, which may consequently contribute to the development of p53-mutated non-small human lung cancer. Our results indicate that D. calcarata is a promising source of anticancer agents for the treatment of p53-mutant human non-small lung cancer cells than the p53-wild type human non-small lung cancer cells.
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Thermal Degradation of Antioxidant Compounds: Effects of Parameters, Thermal Degradation Kinetics, and Formulation Strategies. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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6
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Martín-Tornero E, Sánchez R, Lozano J, Martínez M, Arroyo P, Martín-Vertedor D. Characterization of Polyphenol and Volatile Fractions of Californian-Style Black Olives and Innovative Application of E-nose for Acrylamide Determination. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122973. [PMID: 34945524 PMCID: PMC8701876 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Californian-style black olives require a sterilization treatment that produces a carcinogenic contaminant, acrylamide. Thus, this compound was evaluated in two different olive cultivars using an electronic nose (E-nose). The sterilization intensity had a significant influence on the final phenol concentrations, acrylamide content, and volatile compounds. Increasing the sterilization intensity from 10 to 26 min (F0) reduced the phenol content, but it promoted acrylamide synthesis, leading to a wide range of this toxic substance. The Ester and phenol groups of volatile compounds decreased their content when the sterilization treatment increased; however, aldehyde and other volatile compound groups significantly increased their contents according to the thermal treatments. The compounds 4-ethenyl-pyridine, benzaldehyde, and 2,4-dimethyl-hexane are volatile compounds with unpleasant odours and demonstrated a high amount of influence on the differences found after the application of the thermal treatments. The “Manzanilla Cacereña” variety presented the highest amount of phenolic compounds and the lowest acrylamide content. Finally, it was found that acrylamide content is correlated with volatile compounds, which was determined using multiple linear regression analysis (R2 = 0.9994). Furthermore, the aroma of table olives was analysed using an E-nose, and these results combined with Partial Least Square (PLS) were shown to be an accurate method (range to error ratio (RER) >10 and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) >2.5) for the indirect quantification of this toxic substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elísabet Martín-Tornero
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, School of Agrarian Engineering, Universidad de Extremadura, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (E.M.-T.); (M.M.)
| | - Ramiro Sánchez
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX-INTAEX, Junta of Extremadura, Avda, Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Jesús Lozano
- Perception and Intelligent Systems Research Group, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.L.); (P.A.)
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources INURA. Avda de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Manuel Martínez
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, School of Agrarian Engineering, Universidad de Extremadura, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; (E.M.-T.); (M.M.)
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources INURA. Avda de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Patricia Arroyo
- Perception and Intelligent Systems Research Group, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (J.L.); (P.A.)
| | - Daniel Martín-Vertedor
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX-INTAEX, Junta of Extremadura, Avda, Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain;
- Research Institute of Agricultural Resources INURA. Avda de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-924-01-26-64
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Laka K, Mapheto K, Mbita Z. Selective in vitro cytotoxicity effect of Drimia calcarata bulb extracts against p53 mutant HT-29 and p53 wild-type Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells through STAT5B regulation. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1265-1279. [PMID: 34195018 PMCID: PMC8233163 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of oncological-related deaths and the third most diagnosed malignancy, worldwide. The emergence of chemoresistance is a fundamental drawback of colorectal cancer therapies and there is an urgent need for novel plant-derived therapeutics. In this regard, other compounds are needed to improve the efficacy of treatment against colorectal cancer. Medicinal plants have been effectively used by traditional doctors for decades to treat various ailments with little to no side effects. Drimia calcarata (D. calcarata) is one of the plants used by Pedi people in South Africa to treat a plethora of ailments. However, the anticancer therapeutic use of D. calcarata is less understood. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the potential anticancer activities of D. calcarata extracts against human colorectal cancer cells. The phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity were analysed using LC-MS, DPPH, and FRAP. The inhibitory effects and IC50 values of D. calcarata extracts were determined using the MTT assay. Induction of cellular apoptosis was assessed using fluorescence microscopy, the Muse® Cell Analyser, and gene expression analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Water extract (WE) demonstrated high phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents than the methanol extract (ME). LC-MS data demonstrated strong differences between the ME and WE. Moreover, WE showed the best antioxidant activity than ME. The MTT data showed that both ME and WE had no significant activity against human embryonic kidney Hek 293 cell line that served as non-cancer control cells. Caco-2 cells demonstrated high sensitivity to the ME and demonstrated resistance toward the WE, while HT-29 cells exhibited sensitivity to both D. calcarata extracts. The expression of apoptosis regulatory genes assessed by PCR revealed an upregulation of p53 by ME, accompanied by downregulation of Bcl-2 and high expression of Bax after treatment with curcumin. The Bax gene was undetected in HT-29 cells. The methanol extract induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colorectal Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and WE induced the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in HT-29 cells. ME downregulated STAT1, 3, and 5B in HT-29 cells. The D. calcarata bulb extracts, therefore, contain potential anticancer agents that can be further targeted for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Laka
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - K.B.F. Mapheto
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Z. Mbita
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
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Myint KZ, Zhou Z, Xia Y, Fang Y, Wu M, Zhu S, Shen J. Stevia polyphenols: A stable antioxidant that presents a synergistic effect with vitamin C. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaing zar Myint
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Zhuoyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yongmei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Meina Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Song Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Jie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education) School of Chemical and Materials Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
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Haque MA, Morozova K, Ferrentino G, Scampicchio M. Electrochemical Methods to Evaluate the Antioxidant Activity and Capacity of Foods: A Review. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Md Azizul Haque
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano Italy
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science (FTNS) Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU) Tangail 1902 Bangladesh
| | - Ksenia Morozova
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano Italy
| | - Giovanna Ferrentino
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano Italy
| | - Matteo Scampicchio
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bozen-Bolzano Italy
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10
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Strategies to Broaden the Applications of Olive Biophenols Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol in Food Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030444. [PMID: 33805715 PMCID: PMC8000085 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) are olive-derived phenols recognised as health-promoting agents with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, antifungal, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities, providing a wide range of applications as functional food ingredients. HT is Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), whereas OLE is included in EFSA daily consumptions recommendations, albeit there is no official GRAS status for its pure form. Their application in food, however, may be hindered by challenges such as degradation caused by processing conditions and undesired sensorial properties (e.g., the astringency of OLE). Among the strategies to overcome such setbacks, the encapsulation in delivery systems and the covalent and non-covalent complexation are highlighted in this review. Additionally, the synthesis of OLE and HT derivatives are studied to improve their applicability. All in all, more research needs however to be carried out to investigate the impact of these approaches on the sensory properties of the final food product and its percussions at the gastrointestinal level, as well as on bioactivity. At last limitations of these approaches at a scale of the food industry must also be considered.
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Sueishi Y, Nii R. A comparative study of the antioxidant profiles of olive fruit and leaf extracts against five reactive oxygen species as measured with a multiple free-radical scavenging method. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2737-2744. [PMID: 32844426 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Olive fruits and leaves are recognized to have great potential as natural sources of antioxidants. The major phenolic antioxidant component in these plant tissues is oleuropein. The antioxidant activity of olive fruits and leaves was evaluated in this study using multiple free-radical scavenging (MULTIS) methods, wherein we determined the scavenging abilities of different extracts against five reactive oxygen species (ROS; HO·, O2 - ·, RO·, t-BuOO·, and 1 O2 ). Raw olive fruits taste bitter and are inedible without undergoing a debittering treatment. Following the NaOH-debittering process, the radical scavenging activity of olives decreased by 90%. The MULTIS measurements indicated that oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol are responsible for the radical scavenging activity of olive fruits. Furthermore, we evaluated the radical scavenging profiles of olive leaf extracts against five ROS and found significant seasonal variations in their antioxidant activities. Leaves picked in August possessed greater radical scavenging abilities (180% to 410% for different ROS) than those picked in the cold season (December and February). In roasted olive leaves, we found marked increases (230% to 300% and 180% to 220%) in the antioxidant activities of Maillard reaction products against RO· and t-BuOO·, respectively. This study presented a useful comparative analysis of the antioxidant capacities of food against various types of ROS. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this study, we evaluated the natural antioxidant activity of olive fruits and leaves against five reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found characteristic differences in the antioxidant profiles of different olive tissues, which varied after different treatments (debittering [fruit], drying [leaf], and roasting [leaf]). Comparative studies of the antioxidant capacities of foods against various ROS are useful to improve the functionality of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Sueishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Risako Nii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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12
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Brunetti G, Di Rosa G, Scuto M, Leri M, Stefani M, Schmitz-Linneweber C, Calabrese V, Saul N. Healthspan Maintenance and Prevention of Parkinson's-like Phenotypes with Hydroxytyrosol and Oleuropein Aglycone in C. elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072588. [PMID: 32276415 PMCID: PMC7178172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies highlighted the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in maintaining health, especially during ageing. Even neurodegeneration, which is part of the natural ageing process, as well as the foundation of ageing-related neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease (PD), was successfully targeted by MD. In this regard, olive oil and its polyphenolic constituents have received increasing attention in the last years. Thus, this study focuses on two main olive oil polyphenols, hydroxytyrosol (HT) and oleuropein aglycone (OLE), and their effects on ageing symptoms with special attention to PD. In order to avoid long-lasting, expensive, and ethically controversial experiments, the established invertebrate model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was used to test HT and OLE treatments. Interestingly, both polyphenols were able to increase the survival after heat stress, but only HT could prolong the lifespan in unstressed conditions. Furthermore, in aged worms, HT and OLE caused improvements of locomotive behavior and the attenuation of autofluorescence as a marker for ageing. In addition, by using three different C. elegans PD models, HT and OLE were shown i) to enhance locomotion in worms suffering from α-synuclein-expression in muscles or rotenone exposure, ii) to reduce α-synuclein accumulation in muscles cells, and iii) to prevent neurodegeneration in α-synuclein-containing dopaminergic neurons. Hormesis, antioxidative capacities and an activity-boost of the proteasome & phase II detoxifying enzymes are discussed as potential underlying causes for these beneficial effects. Further biological and medical trials are indicated to assess the full potential of HT and OLE and to uncover their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Brunetti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.D.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Gabriele Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.D.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.D.R.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Area of Medicine and Health of the Child of the University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6 - 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Christian Schmitz-Linneweber
- Humboldt University of Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Molecular Genetics Group, Philippstr. 13, House 22, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.B.); (G.D.R.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Nadine Saul
- Humboldt University of Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Molecular Genetics Group, Philippstr. 13, House 22, 10115 Berlin, Germany;
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (N.S.)
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13
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Fernández A, Talaverano MI, Pérez‐Nevado F, Boselli E, Cordeiro AM, Martillanes S, Foligni R, Martín‐Vertedor D. Evaluation of phenolics and acrylamide and their bioavailability in high hydrostatic pressure treated and fried table olives. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Fernández
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX‐INTAEX Junta of Extremadura BadajozSpain
| | - M. I. Talaverano
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX‐INTAEX Junta of Extremadura BadajozSpain
| | - F. Pérez‐Nevado
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - E. Boselli
- Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bozen‐Bolzano Bozen‐Bolzano Italy
| | - A. M. Cordeiro
- National Agricultural and Veterinary Research IP INIAV, IP. Pólo Elvas Elvas Portugal
| | - S. Martillanes
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX‐INTAEX Junta of Extremadura BadajozSpain
| | - R. Foligni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Marche Polytechnic University Ancona Italy
| | - D. Martín‐Vertedor
- Technological Institute of Food and Agriculture CICYTEX‐INTAEX Junta of Extremadura BadajozSpain
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Lambert de Malezieu M, Ferron S, Sauvager A, Courtel P, Ramassamy C, Tomasi S, Abasq ML. UV-Vis Spectroelectrochemistry of Oleuropein, Tyrosol, and p-Coumaric Acid Individually and in an Equimolar Combination. Differences in LC-ESI-MS 2 Profiles of Oxidation Products and their Neuroprotective Properties. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E802. [PMID: 31795228 PMCID: PMC6995624 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Major phenolic compounds from olive oil (ArOH-EVOO), oleuropein (Ole), tyrosol (Tyr), and p-coumaric acid (p-Cou), are known for their antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. We previously demonstrated that their combination could potentiate their antioxidant activity in vitro and in cellulo. To further our knowledge of their electron-transfer properties, Ole, Tyr, and p-Cou underwent a spectroelectrochemical study, performed either individually or in equimolar mixtures. Two mixtures (Mix and Mix-seq) were prepared in order to determine whether distinct molecules could arise from their simultaneous or sequential oxidation. The comparison of Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS2) profiles highlighted the presence of specific oxidized products found in the mixes. We hypothesized that they derived from the dimerization between Tyr and Ole or p-Cou, which have reacted either in their native or oxidized forms. Moreover, Ole regenerates when the Mix undergoes oxidation. Our study also showed significant neuroprotection by oxidized Ole and oxidized Mix against H2O2 toxicity on SK-N-SH cells, after 24 h of treatment with very low concentrations (1 and 5 nM). This suggests the putative relevant role of oxidized Ole products to protect or delay neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Lambert de Malezieu
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR 6226, 35043 Rennes, France; (M.L.d.M.); (S.F.); (A.S.)
- INRS-Centre Armand Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (P.C.); (C.R.)
- INAF, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Solenn Ferron
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR 6226, 35043 Rennes, France; (M.L.d.M.); (S.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Aurélie Sauvager
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR 6226, 35043 Rennes, France; (M.L.d.M.); (S.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Patricia Courtel
- INRS-Centre Armand Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (P.C.); (C.R.)
| | - Charles Ramassamy
- INRS-Centre Armand Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada; (P.C.); (C.R.)
- INAF, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR 6226, 35043 Rennes, France; (M.L.d.M.); (S.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Marie-Laurence Abasq
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR–UMR 6226, 35043 Rennes, France; (M.L.d.M.); (S.F.); (A.S.)
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Simultaneous Purification and Separation of Syringoside and Oleuropein from Syringa oblata Lindl. Extract Using Macroporous Resin. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2924548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study developed an efficient method to simultaneously separate and purify syringoside and oleuropein from Syringa oblata Lindl. extract using macroporous resins. The adsorption and desorption property of 11 resins were systematically evaluated. Based on the adsorption performance, HPD-100B resin was selected for the separation of syringoside and oleuropein. The HPD-100B resin fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.97), as ascertained by the results of the static adsorption experiment. Kinetic and dynamic adsorption/desorption experiments were conducted using the HPD-100B resin to optimize the separation parameters of syringoside and oleuropein. On the optimal parameters, syringoside and oleuropein were obtained from the 20% and 40% ethanol eluates, respectively. In addition, the adsorption effluent (15–60 BV) contained a large amount of syringoside with less impurities; therefore, this part was also collected for further syringoside separation and enrichment of syringoside. By only one cycle treatment, the syringoside and oleuropein contents in the final products increased by 7.1-fold and 8.2-fold, respectively, compared to the initial extract. The method developed in this study provides a potential basis for the industrial-scale enrichment and separation of syringoside and oleuropein from S. oblata extract.
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Monitoring of acrylamide and phenolic compounds in table olive after high hydrostatic pressure and cooking treatments. Food Chem 2019; 286:250-259. [PMID: 30827603 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide and phenolic compounds on both fresh and cooked olives were monitored by HPLC/MS-MS and reversed-phase-HPLC methods along different procedures: elaboration process, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP), cooking treatment and bioavailability evaluation. Acrylamide was not detected during the elaboration process and after HHP treatment. Hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleuropein and verbascoside were the most important phenols after HHP treatment. The frying and baking processes on olives enhanced the formation of acrylamide and a significant reduction in the phenolic compounds. The frying process produced lower acrylamide concentration and less reduction of phenolic compounds than the baking process, while in the gastrointestinal digestion these compounds were slightly reduced if compared to the initial stage. As a conclusion, the best way to ingest high quantities of phenols and reduce acrylamide consumption is by ingesting the olives when they are fresh. In case the olives need to be cooked, specific time and temperature conditions shall be applied.
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Pérez-Nevado F, Cabrera-Bañegil M, Repilado E, Martillanes S, Martín-Vertedor D. Effect of different baking treatments on the acrylamide formation and phenolic compounds in Californian-style black olives. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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