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Oroian M, Dranca F, Ropciuc S, Pauliuc D. A comparative study regarding the adulteration detection of honey: Physicochemical parameters vs. impedimetric data. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100642. [PMID: 38115897 PMCID: PMC10728335 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey adulteration is a major issue for European Union and its members because of an unfair practice of different producers and beekeepers, many adulterations involve the addition of sweet, concentrated syrups which may appear like honey. In our study we analysed the influence of adulteration of tilia honey with different syrups (such as corn, rice, inverted sugar, agave, maple syrups) in different percentages (5%, 10%, and 20% respectively) on physicochemical parameters (moisture content, L*, hab,cab, pH, free acidity, electrical conductivity (EC), 5-hydroxymetilfurfural (HMF), fructose, glucose, sucrose, turanose, trehalose, melesitose and raffinose) and impedimetric properties using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The impedimetric sensing was made using an electrochemical cell composed of two gold electrodes, and the frequency ranged between 0.1 kHz and 100 kHz. The impedimetric parameters (Z', Z″ and phase) and Randal circuit parameters can distinguish the authentic honeys from the adulterated ones (based on the adulteration agent and adulteration percentage, respectively). The partial least squares - discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machines (SVM) were used in a binary mode to separate the authentic honeys from the adulterated ones, and the SVM proved to separate much better than PLS-DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Oroian
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
| | - Florina Dranca
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
| | - Sorina Ropciuc
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
| | - Daniela Pauliuc
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania
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Liu W, Zhao R, Liu Q, Zhang L, Li Q, Hu X, Hu H. Relationship among gelatinization, retrogradation behavior, and impedance characteristics of potato starch. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 227:354-364. [PMID: 36502946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the physicochemical properties of potato starch from different varieties were investigated. Furthermore, the relationships among gelatinization, retrogradation behavior, and impedance characteristics of potato starch gels were evaluated by texture analysis, low-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and electrical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated amylose content was positively correlated with setback viscosity, and negatively correlated with To and ΔH. In addition, impedance values of potato starch gels differed in a frequency-dependent manner. Notably, higher frequencies resulted in low diffusion of ions in prepared gels, which combined with the concentration of mobile ions in free water, led to a gradual decrease in impedance module. Compared with phase values, impedance module showed high correlation with gelatinization parameters (To, Tp, and Tc) and viscosity parameters (peak temperature and setback viscosity), more notably at frequencies below 100 Hz. In this context, the electric current flowed through mobile ions that interacted with bound water attached to the starch molecules at lower voltage frequencies, and were repressed by the formation of an ordered and compact gel network during retrogradation. Collectively, these results indicate that impedance spectroscopy can be potentially used as an efficient and reliable method to predict gelatinization and retrogradation behavior of potato starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruixuan Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyao Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojia Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Honghai Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
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Huang J, Xie Z, Li M, Luo S, Deng X, Xie L, Fan Q, Zeng T, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang S, Xie Z, Li D. An Enzyme-Free Sandwich Amperometry-Type Immunosensor Based on Au/Pt Nanoparticle-Functionalized Graphene for the Rapid Detection of Avian Influenza Virus H9 Subtype. Nanoscale Res Lett 2022; 17:110. [PMID: 36404373 PMCID: PMC9676155 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-022-03747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Avian influenza virus H9 subtype (AIV H9) has contributed to enormous economic losses. Effective diagnosis is key to controlling the spread of AIV H9. In this study, a nonenzymatic highly electrocatalytic material was prepared using chitosan (Chi)-modified graphene sheet (GS)-functionalized Au/Pt nanoparticles (GS-Chi-Au/Pt), followed by the construction of a novel enzyme-free sandwich electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of AIV H9 using GS-Chi-Au/Pt and graphene-chitosan (GS-Chi) nanocomposites as a nonenzymatic highly electrocatalytic material and a substrate material to immobilize capture antibodies (avian influenza virus H9-monoclonal antibody, AIV H9/MAb), respectively. GS, which has a large specific surface area and many accessible active sites, permitted multiple Au/Pt nanoparticles to be attached to its surface, resulting in substantially improved conductivity and catalytic ability. Au/Pt nanoparticles can provide modified active sites for avian influenza virus H9-polyclonal antibody (AIV H9/PAb) immobilization as signal labels. Upon establishing the electrocatalytic activity of Au/Pt nanoparticles on graphene towards hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) reduction for signal amplification and optimizing the experimental parameters, we developed an AIV H9 electrochemical immunosensor, which showed a wide linear range from 101.37 EID50 mL-1 to 106.37 EID50 mL-1 and a detection limit of 100.82 EID50 mL-1. This sandwich electrochemical immunosensor also exhibited high selectivity, reproducibility and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China.
| | - Meng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Sisi Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianwen Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Liji Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing Fan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Minxiu Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiqin Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
| | - Dan Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, 51 You Ai North Road, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, China
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Minetto TA, França BD, da Silva Dariz G, Veiga EA, Galvão AC, da Silva Robazza W. Identifying adulteration of raw bovine milk with urea through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy coupled with chemometric techniques. Food Chem 2022; 385:132678. [PMID: 35290953 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify raw bovine milk adulteration with urea. Three batches of raw milk adulterated with urea were studied. Hierarchical clustering indicated that the samples could be split in three groups corresponding to low adulteration (less than 7 wt%), medium adulteration (between 8 and 16 wt%) and high adulteration (over than 16 wt%). A linear discriminant analysis was performed resulting in 90% of accuracy in classifying between groups. Besides, a partial least squares model containing three directions provided good accuracy in quantitatively predicting the urea mass fraction added to raw bovine milk. Finally, calculations using an approximated electric circuit model suggested the formation of urea aggregates that hinder charge transportation within the milk thus diminishing the solution conductivity. Results indicate that electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can be a useful, low cost and rapid tool to identify milk adulteration with urea.
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Luka GS, Najjaran H, Hoorfar M. On-chip-based electrochemical biosensor for the sensitive and label-free detection of Cryptosporidium. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6957. [PMID: 35484282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium, an intestinal protozoan pathogen, is one of the leading causes of death in children and diarrhea in healthy adults. Detection of Cryptosporidium has become a high priority to prevent potential outbreaks. In this paper, a simple, easy to fabricate, and cost-effective on-chip-based electrochemical biosensor has been developed for the sensitive and label-free detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in water samples. The sensor was fabricated using standard lithography using a mask with a 3-electrode design and modified by self-assembling a hybrid of a thiolated protein/G and the specific anti-Cryptosporidium monoclonal antibodies (IgG3). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed to quantitate C. parvum in the range of 0 to 300 oocysts, with a detection limit of approximately 20 oocysts/5 µL. The high sensitivity and specificity of the developed label-free electrochemical biosensor suggest that this novel platform is a significant step towards the development of fast, real-time, inexpensive and label-free sensing tool for early warning and immediate on-site detection of C. parvum oocysts in water samples, as compared to the traditional methods (such as PCR and microscopy). Furthermore, under optimized conditions, this label-free biosensor can be extended to detect other analytes and biomarkers for environmental and biomedical analyses.
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Santoso DR, Pitaloka B, Widodo CS, Juswono UP. Low-Cost, Compact, and Rapid Bio-Impedance Spectrometer with Real-Time Bode and Nyquist Plots. Applied Sciences 2020; 10:878. [DOI: 10.3390/app10030878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectric impedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been widely used to study the electrical properties of biological tissue based on the characteristics of the complex electrical impedance dispersions. One of the problems in using the BIS method is the length of time required for the data acquisition process and possibly data analysis as well. In this research, a compact and work rapidly BIS instrumentation system has been developed at a low cost. It is designed to work in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 kHz, which is generally used in the fields of biophysics and medical physics. The BIS instrumentation system is built using several integrated modules. The modules are an AC current source to produce a selectable injection current; a data acquisition system to measure voltage, current, and phase difference rapidly and simultaneously; and software to calculate and display measurement results in the form of Bode and Nyquist plots in real time. The developed BIS system has been validated using a simple RC circuit as the sample being tested. The average time needed in the process of data acquisition and analysis until the formation of impedance dispersion curves in the form of Bode and Nyquist plots, for 54 sample frequencies, is less than one minute. The system is able to identify R and C values of the sample with a maximum error of 1.5%. In addition, some simple application examples are also presented in this paper.
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