Strontium increasing calcium accessibility from calcium citrate

Strontium-based quaternary ammonium salt chitosan particles for ultrafast hemostasis of open fracture

The management of open bone defects poses a formidable challenge in clinical practice, primarily due to issues such as profuse bleeding, inflammation, bacterial infections, and compromised bone fracture healing. To tackle these complexities, we have devised a novel hemostatic powder, namely the compound strontium-based chitosan quaternary ammonium salt hemostatic powder (QCS@SrT-TA). This innovative powder leverages the self-assembly of tripolyphosphate and strontium ions, facilitated by a positively charged core cross-linker. Furthermore, its surface has been strategically modified with polyphenol and positively charged macromolecules, imparting unique properties. The mesoporous architecture of QCS@SrT-TA facilitates rapid moisture absorption, enhancing its efficacy. In preclinical studies using rat tail artery amputation and liver bleeding models, QCS@SrT-TA exhibited remarkable performance, significantly reducing both bleeding time and volume (62.39 ± 2.89 mg, 35.33 ± 4.16 s in tail amputation, 63.7 ± 5.19 mg, 62.33 ± 9.61 s in liver bleeding). Notably, the positively charged strontium ions and quaternary ammonium salts within the powder were effective in removing bacteria, minimizing the risk of infection. Beyond hemostasis, QCS@SrT-TA demonstrates additional therapeutic benefits. It polarizes M2 macrophage phenotypes and promotes angiogenesis within bone defect sites, accelerating bone healing processes. Ultimately, a substantially enhanced and notable functional recovery is achieved. In summary, the rapid hemostatic, potent antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenesis-promoting characteristics of QCS@SrT-TA hold immense promise as a groundbreaking clinical treatment strategy for open bone defects.

Relationship between prenatal metals exposure and neurodevelopment in one-year-old infants in the CLIMB study

BACKGROUND

Prenatal metals exposure and its effects on infant neurodevelopment have garnered significant attention. However, most studies focus on individual metals, neglecting combined effects.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to assess the effects of both single and combined prenatal metals exposure on one-year-old infants' neurodevelopment.

METHODS

This study included 189 mother-infant pairs from the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) cohort. The concentrations of 21 metallic elements and 2 metalloids in umbilical cord blood (UCB) serum were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Neurodevelopment was measured using Chinese version of Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) for the Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) and the Mental Development Index (MDI). Multiple statistical methods, including linear models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR).

RESULTS

After adjusting for potential confounders, prenatal arsenic (As) and strontium (Sr) levels were associated with lower PDI scores (As: β = -2.324; 95 % CI: -4.61, -0.04; Sr: β = -2.426; 95 % CI: -4.67, -0.18) by linear regression, while Sr was associated with lower MDI scores (β = -2.841; 95 % CI: -5.44, -0.25). RCS models revealed nonlinear dose-response relationships between manganese (Mn) and calcium (Ca) with PDI, and for Mn, As, and zirconium (Zr) with MDI. Interactions between certain metals were also identified. Metals mixture had an overall negative effect on both PDI and MDI scores, with Mn being the primary contributor.

CONCLUSION

Prenatal exposure to selected metals or metal mixtures is associated with poorer neurodevelopment in one-year-old infants.

Microelement strontium and human health: comprehensive analysis of the role in inflammation and non-communicable diseases (NCDs)

Strontium (Sr), a trace element with a long history and a significant presence in the Earth's crust, plays a critical yet often overlooked role in various biological processes affecting human health. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted implications of Sr, especially in the context of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Sr is predominantly acquired through diet and water and has shown promise as a clinical marker for calcium absorption studies. It contributes to the mitigation of several NCDs by inhibiting oxidative stress, showcasing antioxidant properties, and suppressing inflammatory cytokines. The review delves deep into the mechanisms through which Sr interacts with human physiology, emphasizing its uptake, metabolism, and potential to prevent chronic conditions. Despite its apparent benefits in managing bone fractures, hypertension, and diabetes, current research on Sr's role in human health is not exhaustive. The review underscores the need for more comprehensive studies to solidify Sr's beneficial associations and address the gaps in understanding Sr intake and its optimal levels for human health.

Characterization and antivibrio activity of chitosan-citral Schiff base calcium complex for a calcium citrate sustained release antibacterial agent

Vibrio parahemolyticus is the "Number one killer" of seafood products. Anti-vibrio agents having low cost and high-safety are urgently needed to supplement the application needs. This work attempted to prepare CS-CT-CCa complex with citral (CT), chitosan (CS) and calcium citrate (CCa) as raw material by microwave-assisted high-pressure homogenization. Additionally the coordination structure and morphology of Bridge-CS-CT-Schiff base/OH-CCa were verified. The prepared CS-CT-CCa had a well-dispersed property (the size: 3.55~9.33 μm and the zeta potential: +38.7~+67.5 mV) and an excellent sustained released ability (sustained release up to 180 min). MIC, Glucose assay, MDA assay, biofilm formation inhibition assay, SEM, swimming and swarming motility assay demonstrated that CS-CT-CCa had strong (MIC of 128 μg/ml) and sustained (more than 12 h) inhibitory effects against V. parahaemolyticus. Meanwhile, CS-CT-CCa could increase the membrane permeability of V. parahaemolyticus and inhibit their biofilm-forming ability in a dose-dependent manner. It could be inferred that the antibacterial activities against V. parahaemolyticus caused inhibition of biofilm formation, swimming and swarming motilities. This study provided necessary data for the further design and development of chitosan antibacterial agents, food and feed additives.