Brief characteristics of oxidative stability, fatty acids and metal content in selected berry seed extracts obtained by the SFE technique and used as potential source of nutrients

Cymbopogon proximus phytochemicals induce S-phase arrest in A549 lung cancer cell lines via CDK2/cyclin A2 inhibition: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking analyses

Cymbopogon proximus comprises several phytoconstituent classes that are reported to possess anticancer activity; however, studies on the anticancer potentials of the plant are lacking. C. proximus was extracted using solvents with increasing polarity. In-vitro cytotoxic activity of C. proximus extracts was examined against liver (HepG2), lung (A549), prostate (PC3), and bone (MG63) cell lines using MTT assay in comparison to doxorubicin. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle for identification of the phase of inhibition. Chemical composition of the most active fraction was examined using the GC/MS technique. Molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity against A549, and the results were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Petroleum ether fraction was the highly effective fraction against A549 with IC50 = 14.02 ± 2.79. GC/MS analysis of Pet.Eth led to the identification of nine compounds in unsaponifiable matter and 27 components in the saponifiable fraction. Di-N-octyl phthalate, 3-β-hydroxylean-11.13(18)-dien-30-oic acid methyl ester, elemol hydrocarbons, linoelaidic acid and linoleic acid demonstrated the lowest docking binding scores and similar binding modes against CDK2 as compared to that attained by the native ligand R-Roscovitine "CDK2 ATP inhibitor". Western blot analysis demonstrated that CDK2/cyclinA2 protein expression has been suppressed in A549 cell lines by Pet.Eth fraction.

Blue honeysuckle seeds and seed oil: Composition, physicochemical properties, fatty acid profile, volatile components, and antioxidant capacity

Blue honeysuckle seeds are often overlooked by the processing industry, but they are a good source of healthy oil. The composition, volatiles, and antioxidant capacity of blue honeysuckle seeds and seed oil were investigated for the first time. The fatty acid profile of the seed oil was analysed using GC-MS. The seed oil was particularly rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, especially linoleic acid (71.24 ± 1.64 %). HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis temporarily detected 34 and 37 volatiles in the seeds and seed oil, respectively. Notably, aldehydes were identified as the major contributors to the aroma. The phytosterols, tocopherols, and triglycerides were identified in the seed oil. Interestingly, the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of the seeds were found to be much higher than the seed oil. This study evaluates the nutritional profile and value of blue honeysuckle seed oil, and suggests that it can be used as new functional oil.