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Li Y, Yang X, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Bai L, Zhaxi P, Qu S, Zhao Y. Effects of sampling time and location on the geographical origin traceability of protected geographical indication (PGI) Hongyuan yak milk: Based on stable isotope ratios. Food Chem 2024; 441:138283. [PMID: 38185048 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Hongyuan yak milk is a protected geographical indication (PGI) product of rich nutritional value, which is popular among consumers. Stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) is an effective way to protect the authenticity of the geographical origin of PGI products, and it is crucial to study the factors affecting stable isotopes. Firstly, we proved that the SIRA could be used to identify the geographical origin of Hongyuan yak milk, and that the identification accuracy in combination with δ13C and δ18O was 100 %. Secondly, we analyzed the effect of sampling selection on the stable isotopes of Hongyuan yak milk in practical applications, which showed that sampling time influenced the δ13C, δ2H, and δ18O, while the sampling locations did not. There were interactions between the effect of sampling time and location on δ2H and δ18O. These results provide a reliable method for identifying PGI products and also provide new guidance on sampling models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Li
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoting Yang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Pengcuo Zhaxi
- Hongyuan Yak Dairy Co., Ltd., Hongyuan 624400, China
| | - Song Qu
- Hongyuan Yak Dairy Co., Ltd., Hongyuan 624400, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Zhang G, Zhang Y, Yuan B, Tiang En R, Li S, Zheng H, Hu F. An innovative molecular approach towards the cost-effective entomological authentication of honey. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:24. [PMID: 38693255 PMCID: PMC11063038 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Honey authentication and traceability are crucial not only for economic purposes but also for ensuring safety. However, the widespread adoption of cutting-edge technologies in practical applications has been hampered by complex, time-consuming sample pre-treatment processes, the need for skilled personnel, and substantial associated expenses. This study aimed to develop a simple and cost-effective molecular technique to verify the entomological source of honey. By utilizing newly designed primers, we successfully amplified the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene of honey bees from honey, confirming the high quality of the extracted DNA. Employing RFLP analysis with AseI endonuclease, species-specific restriction patterns were generated for honey derived from six closely related honey bees of the Apis genus. Remarkably, this method was proven equally effective in identifying heat-treated and aged honey by presenting the same RFLP profiles as raw honey. As far as we know, this is the initial research of the simultaneous differentiation of honey from closely related honey bee species using the restriction endonuclease AseI and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene fragments. As a result, it holds tremendous potential as a standardized guideline for regulatory agencies to ascertain the insect origins of honey and achieve comprehensive traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhi Zhang
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanzheng Zhang
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Yuan
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruth Tiang En
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huoqing Zheng
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fuliang Hu
- Key laboratory of silkworm and bee resource utilization and innovation of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhao S, Qie M, Bai L, Gao Z, Liang K, Zhao Y. Rapid analysis technologies with chemometrics for food authenticity field: A review. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100676. [PMID: 38303999 PMCID: PMC10830540 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the problem of food adulteration has become increasingly rampant, seriously hindering the development of food production, consumption, and management. The common analytical methods used to determine food authenticity present challenges, such as complicated analysis processes and time-consuming procedures, necessitating the development of rapid, efficient analysis technology for food authentication. Spectroscopic techniques, ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS), electronic sensors, and DNA-based technology have gradually been applied for food authentication due to advantages such as rapid analysis and simple operation. This paper summarizes the current research on rapid food authenticity analysis technology from three perspectives, including breeds or species determination, quality fraud detection, and geographical origin identification, and introduces chemometrics method adapted to rapid analysis techniques. It aims to promote the development of rapid analysis technology in the food authenticity field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalan Li
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Qie
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Hangzhou Nutritome Biotech Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Kehong Liang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kong L, Yue Y, Li J, Yang B, Chen B, Liu J, Lu Z. Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal improved performance of Hu sheep on hybridization with Southdown sheep. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113240. [PMID: 37803553 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly demanding high-quality mutton. Cross breeding can improve meat quality and is widely used in sheep breeding. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of cross breeding sheep meat quality. In this study, male Southdown and female Hu sheep were hybridized. The slaughter performance and longissimus dorsi quality of the 6-month-old hybrid offspring were measured, and the longissimus dorsi of the hybrid offspring was analyzed by transcriptomics and metabolomics to explore the effect of cross breeding on meat quality. The results showed that the production performance of Southdown × Hu F1 sheep was significantly improved, the carcass fat content was significantly decreased, and the eating quality of Southdown × Hu F1 sheep were better. Compared with the HS group (Hu × Hu), the NH group (Southdown × Hu) had 538 differentially expressed genes and 166 differentially expressed metabolites (P < 0.05), which were significantly enriched in amino acid metabolism and other related pathways. Up-regulated genes METTL21C, PPARGC1A and down-regulated gene WFIKKN2 are related to muscle growth and development. Among them, the METTL21C gene, which is related to muscle development, was highly correlated with carnosine, a metabolite related to meat quality (correlation > 0.6 and P < 0.05). Our results provide further understanding of the molecular mechanism of cross breeding for sheep muscle growth and meat quality optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Kong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaojing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jianye Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Bohui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Bowen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Zengkui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
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Bai Z, Zhu R, He D, Wang S, Huang Z. Adulteration Detection of Pork in Mutton Using Smart Phone with the CBAM-Invert-ResNet and Multiple Parts Feature Fusion. Foods 2023; 12:3594. [PMID: 37835247 PMCID: PMC10572890 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To achieve accurate detection the content of multiple parts pork adulterated in mutton under the effect of mutton flavor essence and colorant by RGB images, the improved CBAM-Invert-ResNet50 network based on the attention mechanism and the inversion residual was used to detect the content of pork from the back, front leg, and hind leg in adulterated mutton. The deep features of different parts extracted by the CBAM-Invert-ResNet50 were fused by feature, stitched, and combined with transfer learning, and the content of pork from mixed parts in adulterated mutton was detected. The results showed that the R2 of the CBAM-Invert-ResNet50 for the back, front leg, and hind leg datasets were 0.9373, 0.8876, and 0.9055, respectively, and the RMSE values were 0.0268 g·g-1, 0.0378 g·g-1, and 0.0316 g·g-1, respectively. The R2 and RMSE of the mixed dataset were 0.9264 and 0.0290 g·g-1, respectively. When the features of different parts were fused, the R2 and RMSE of the CBAM-Invert-ResNet50 for the mixed dataset were 0.9589 and 0.0220 g·g-1, respectively. Compared with the model built before feature fusion, the R2 of the mixed dataset increased by 0.0325, and the RMSE decreased by 0.0070 g·g-1. The above results indicated that the CBAM-Invert-ResNet50 model could effectively detect the content of pork from different parts in adulterated mutton as additives. Feature fusion combined with transfer learning can effectively improve the detection accuracy for the content of mixed parts of pork in adulterated mutton. The results of this study can provide technical support and a basis for maintaining the mutton market order and protecting mutton food safety supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiu Bai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Z.B.); (D.H.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Rongguang Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Z.B.); (D.H.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
- Engineering Research Center for Production Mechanization of Oasis Characteristic Cash Crop, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
| | - Dongyu He
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Z.B.); (D.H.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Shichang Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Z.B.); (D.H.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
| | - Zhongtao Huang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; (Z.B.); (D.H.); (S.W.); (Z.H.)
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Tian Y, Cao Y, Zha G, Chen KE, Khan MI, Ren J, Liu W, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Cao C. Marker-Free Isoelectric Focusing Patterns for Identification of Meat Samples via Deep Learning. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13941-13948. [PMID: 37653711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Isoelectric focusing (IEF) is a powerful tool for resolving complex protein samples, which generates IEF patterns consisting of multiplex analyte bands. However, the interpretation of IEF patterns requires the careful selection of isoelectric point (pI) markers for profiling the pH gradient and a trivial process of pI labeling, resulting in low IEF efficiency. Here, we for the first time proposed a marker-free IEF method for the efficient and accurate classification of IEF patterns by using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. To verify our method, we identified 21 meat samples whose IEF patterns comprised different bands of meat hemoglobin, myoglobin, and their oxygen-binding variants but no pI marker. Thanks to the high throughput and short assay time of the microstrip IEF, we efficiently collected 1449 IEF patterns to construct the data set for model training. Despite the absence of pI markers, we experimentally introduced the severe pH gradient drift into 189 IEF patterns in the data set, thereby omitting the need for profiling the pH gradient. To enhance the model robustness, we further employed data augmentation during the model training to mimic pH gradient drift. With the advantages of simple preprocessing, a rapid inference of 50 ms, and a high accuracy of 97.1%, the CNN model outperformed the traditional algorithm for simultaneously identifying meat species and cuts of meat of 105 IEF patterns, suggesting its great potential of being combined with microstrip IEF for large-scale IEF analyses of complicated protein samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youli Tian
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiren Cao
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Genhan Zha
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ke-Er Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Idrees Khan
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jicun Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Weiwen Liu
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengxi Cao
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information & Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Xu J, Liao H, Zhang C. ZnSnO 3 based gas sensors for pyridine volatile marker detection in rice aging during storage. Food Chem 2023; 408:135204. [PMID: 36527920 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the development of ZnSnO3 based gas sensors for pyridine detection in rice aging. Pyridine is one of heterocyclic markers formed via Maillard reaction and lipid oxidation. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) decorated ZnSnO3 microstructures were obtained through a template-free approach. And the sensing results reveal that 5 wt%g-C3N4 decorated ZnSnO3 exhibited a high sensitivity (47.9), a short response/recovery time (14/120 s) and a low detection limit (0.45 ppm), which is due to the catalysis of g-C3N4 nanosheets, the decorated microstructure and the formation of heterojunctions. Meanwhile, the practical experiment demonstrates that the sensitivity towards volatiles generated from Japonica rice aging is 48.7, which is around 4 and 2.5 times higher than those of Indica rice and Polished Glutinous rice, indicating that the sensor has anticipated application in the development of a high-performance E-nose for the quality inspection of rice and other products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Xu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province PR China
| | - Hanlin Liao
- ICB UMR 6303, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UTBM, 90010 Belfort, France
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province PR China.
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Effects of radio frequency thawing on the quality characteristics of frozen mutton. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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Liu Y, Li R, Ying Y, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Wu H, Lin K. Non-genetic factors affecting the meat quality and flavor of Inner Mongolian lambs: A review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1067880. [PMID: 36524229 PMCID: PMC9744951 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1067880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ranks first among the five major pastoral areas in terms of lamb breeding of China. The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has a vast territory, with many famous grasslands and thousands of forage plants and multiple local high-quality lamb breeds. After hundreds of years of artificial breeding and improvement, Mongolian sheep have developed many varieties. Different diets, feeding and treatment methods have effects on the production performance, lipid deposition and flavor composition of mutton sheep. Therefore, understanding the relationship among Inner Mongolian lamb, meat quality, and flavor will improve the production of high-quality mutton. The regulation of meat quality and flavor will have a profound impact on the deep processing and income-generating capabilities of mutton. Non-genetic factors affect the quality and flavor of mutton, which are more intuitive than genetic factors. In this review, we cover the contributions made by scientists to explore and improve the quality and flavor of Inner Mongolia lambs through non-genetic means, compare the differences between grazing and drylot-feeding in detail, and summarize some feed additives. We hope that based on our review, we can provide some inspiration to improve the meat quality of Mongolian sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongxin Wu
- Laboratory of Grass Product Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Kejian Lin
- Laboratory of Grass Product Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, China
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