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Yang J, Si R, Wu G, Wang Y, Fang R, Liu F, Wang F, Lei H, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Wang H. Preparation of Specific Nanobodies and Their Application in the Rapid Detection of Nodularin-R in Water Samples. Foods 2021; 10:2758. [PMID: 34829042 PMCID: PMC8622565 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobodies have several advantages, including great stability, sensibility, and ease of production; therefore, they have become important tools in immunoassays for chemical contaminants. In this manuscript, nanobodies for the detection of the toxin Nodularin-r (NOD-R), a secondary metabolite of cyanobacteria that could cause a safety risk for drinks and food for its strong hepatotoxicity, were for the first time selected from an immunized Bactrian camel VHH phage display library. Then, a sensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) for NOD-R, based on the nanobody N56 with great thermostability and organic solvent tolerance, was established under optimized conditions. The results showed that the limit of detection for NOD-R was 0.67 µg/L, and the average spike recovery rate was between 84.0 and 118.3%. Moreover, the ic-ELISA method was validated with spiked water sample and confirmed by UPLC-MS/MS, which indicated that the ic-ELISA established in this work is a reproducible detection assay for nodularin residues in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Rui Si
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Guangpei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yu Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Ruyu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Fei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yudong Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xudong 2nd Road No. 2, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (J.Y.); (R.S.); (G.W.); (R.F.); (F.L.); (F.W.); (H.L.); (Y.S.)
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Zha Y, Liu X, Hu P, Lu S, Ren H, Liu Z, Liang X, Yang Y, Li Y, Zhou Y. Alkaline Phosphatase–Triggered Immunoassay Based on Fluorogenic Reaction for Sensitive Detection of Acetochlor, Metolachlor, and Propisochlor. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Akter S, Vehniäinen M, Kankaanpää HT, Lamminmäki U. Rapid and Highly Sensitive Non-Competitive Immunoassay for Specific Detection of Nodularin. Microorganisms 2017; 5:microorganisms5030058. [PMID: 28895936 PMCID: PMC5620649 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms5030058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nodularin (NOD) is a cyclic penta-peptide hepatotoxin mainly produced by Nodularia spumigena, reported from the brackish water bodies of various parts of the world. It can accumulate in the food chain and, for safety reasons, levels of NOD not only in water bodies but also in food matrices are of interest. Here, we report on a non-competitive immunoassay for the specific detection of NOD. A phage display technique was utilized to interrogate a synthetic antibody phage library for binders recognizing NOD bound to an anti-ADDA (3-Amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4(E),6(E)-dienoic acid) monoclonal antibody (Mab). One of the obtained immunocomplex binders, designated SA32C11, showed very high specificity towards nodularin-R (NOD-R) over to the tested 10 different microcystins (microcystin-LR, -dmLR, -RR, -dmRR, -YR, -LY, -LF, -LW, -LA, -WR). It was expressed in Escherichia coli as a single chain antibody fragment (scFv) fusion protein and used to establish a time-resolved fluorometry-based assay in combination with the anti-ADDA Mab. The detection limit (blank + 3SD) of the immunoassay, with a total assay time of 1 h 10 min, is 0.03 µg/L of NOD-R. This represents the most sensitive immunoassay method for the specific detection of NOD reported so far. The assay was tested for its performance to detect NOD using spiked (0.1 to 3 µg/L of NOD-R) water samples including brackish sea and coastal water and the recovery ranged from 79 to 127%. Furthermore, a panel of environmental samples, including water from different sources, fish and other marine tissue specimens, were analyzed for NOD using the assay. The assay has potential as a rapid screening tool for the analysis of a large number of water samples for the presence of NOD. It can also find applications in the analysis of the bioaccumulation of NOD in marine organisms and in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Akter
- Molecular Biotechnology and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Markus Vehniäinen
- Molecular Biotechnology and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Harri T Kankaanpää
- Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Hakuninmaantie 6, FI-00430 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Molecular Biotechnology and Diagnostics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
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Lin C, Liu ZS, Wang DX, Li L, Hu P, Gong S, Li YS, Cui C, Wu ZC, Gao Y, Zhou Y, Ren HL, Lu SY. Generation of Internal-Image Functional Aptamers of Okadaic Acid via Magnetic-Bead SELEX. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:7433-45. [PMID: 26694424 PMCID: PMC4699239 DOI: 10.3390/md13127066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) is produced by Dinophysis and Prorocentrum dinoflagellates and primarily accumulates in bivalves, and this toxin has harmful effects on consumers and operators. In this work, we first report the use of aptamers as novel non-toxic probes capable of binding to a monoclonal antibody against OA (OA-mAb). Aptamers that mimic the OA toxin with high affinity and selectivity were generated by the magnetic bead-assisted systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) strategy. After 12 selection rounds, cloning, sequencing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis, four candidate aptamers (O24, O31, O39, O40) were selected that showed high affinity and specificity for OA-mAb. The affinity constants of O24, O31, O39 and O40 were 8.3 × 108 M−1, 1.47 × 109 M−1, 1.23 × 109 M−1 and 1.05 × 109 M−1, respectively. Indirect competitive ELISA was employed to determine the internal-image function of the aptamers. The results reveal that O31 has a similar competitive function as free OA toxin, whereas the other three aptamers did not bear the necessary internal-image function. Based on the derivation of the curvilinear equation for OA/O31, the equation that defined the relationship between the OA toxin content and O31 was Y = 2.185X − 1.78. The IC50 of O31 was 3.39 ng·mL−1, which was close to the value predicted by the OA ELISA (IC50 = 4.4 ng·mL−1); the IC10 was 0.33 ng·mL−1. The above data provides strong evidence that internal-image functional aptamers could be applicable as novel probes in a non-toxic assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
- Institute of Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zeng-Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dong-Xu Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Pan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Sheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yan-Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Cheng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zong-Cheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Hong-Lin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Shi-Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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