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Liao Y, Wang Z, Pei Y, Yan S, Chen T, Qi B, Li Y. Unveiling the applications of membrane proteins from oil bodies: leading the way in artificial oil body technology and other biotechnological advancements. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38594966 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2331566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Oil bodies (OBs) function as organelles that store lipids in plant seeds. An oil body (OB) is encased by a membrane composed of proteins (e.g., oleosins, caleosins, and steroleosins) and a phospholipid monolayer. The distinctive protein-phospholipid membrane architecture of OBs imparts exceptional stability even in extreme environments, thereby sparking increasing interest in their structure and properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationships determining the stability and properties of oil bodies requires a more profound exploration of the associated membrane proteins, an aspect that remains relatively unexplored. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the structural attributes, biological functions, and properties of OB membrane proteins. From a commercial perspective, an in-depth understanding of the structural and functional properties of OBs is important for the expansion of their applications by producing artificial oil bodies (AOB). Besides exploring their structural intricacies, we describe various methods that are used for purifying and isolating OB membrane proteins. These insights may provide a foundational framework for the practical utilization of OB membrane proteins in diverse applications within the realm of AOB technology, including biological and probiotic delivery, protein purification, enzyme immobilization, astringency detection, and antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liao
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhenxiao Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yukun Pei
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shizhang Yan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianyao Chen
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baokun Qi
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Intelligent Equipment Research Center for the Development of Special Medicinal and Food Resources, Harbin Institute of Technology Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing, China
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Guo T, Pan F, Cui Z, Yang Z, Chen Q, Zhao L, Song H. FAPD: An Astringency Threshold and Astringency Type Prediction Database for Flavonoid Compounds Based on Machine Learning. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4172-4183. [PMID: 36825752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Astringency is a puckering or velvety sensation mainly derived from flavonoid compounds in food. The traditional experimental approach for astringent compound discovery was labor-intensive and cost-consuming, while machine learning (ML) can greatly accelerate this procedure. Herein, we propose the Flavonoid Astringency Prediction Database (FAPD) based on ML. First, the Molecular Fingerprint Similarities (MFSs) and thresholds of flavonoid compounds were hierarchically clustering analyzed. For the astringency threshold prediction, four regressions models (i.e., Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT)) were established, and the best model was RF which was interpreted by the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) approach. For the astringency type prediction, six classification models (i.e., RF, GBDT, Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)) were established, and the best model was SGD. Furthermore, over 1200 natural flavonoid compounds were discovered and built into the customized FAPD. In FAPD, the astringency thresholds were achieved by RF; the astringency types were distinguished by SGD, and the real and predicted astringency types were verified by t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE). Therefore, ML models can be used to predict the astringency threshold and astringency type of flavonoid compounds, which provides a new paradigm to research the molecular structure-flavor property relationship of food components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Guo
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fei Pan
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhiyong Cui
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zichen Yang
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Huanlu Song
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Lazzari A, Barbosa HD, Filho ERM, Dada AP, Saraiva BR, Matumoto‐Pintro PT. Gender behavior and influence in acceptability of beers produced with Rubim and Mastruz. J SENS STUD 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Lazzari
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Brazil
| | - Heloisa Dias Barbosa
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Dada
- Departamento de Engenharia de Alimentos Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Brazil
| | - Bianka Rocha Saraiva
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos Universidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Brazil
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Fox D, Sahin AW, De Schutter DP, Arendt EK. Mouthfeel of Beer: Development of Tribology Method and Correlation with Sensory Data from an Online Database. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1938430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fox
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aylin W. Sahin
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Elke K. Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Sensory Profile of Kombucha Brewed with New Zealand Ingredients by Focus Group and Word Clouds. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Kombucha is a yeast and bacterially fermented tea that is often described as having an acetic, fruity and sour flavour. There is a particular lack of sensory research around the use of Kombucha with additional ingredients such as those from the pepper family, or with hops. The goal of this project was to obtain a sensory profile of Kombucha beverages with a range of different ingredients, particularly of a novel Kombucha made with only Kawakawa (Piper excelsum) leaves. Other samples included hops and black pepper. Instrumental data were collected for all the Kombucha samples, and a sensory focus group of eight semi-trained panellists were set up to create a sensory profile of four products. Commercially available Kombucha, along with reference training samples were used to train the panel. Kawakawa Kombucha was found to be the sourest of the four samples and was described as having the bitterest aftertaste. The instrumental results showed that the Kawakawa Kombucha had the highest titratable acidity (1.55 vs. 1.21–1.42 mL) as well as the highest alcohol percentage (0.40 vs. 0.15–0.30%). The hops sample had the highest pH (3.72 vs. 3.49–3.54), with the lowest titratable acidity (1.21), and, from a basic poll, was the most liked of the samples. Each Kombucha had its own unique set of sensory descriptors with particular emphasis on the Kawakawa product, having unique mouthfeel descriptors as a result of some of the compounds found in Kawakawa. This research has led to a few areas that could be further studied, such as the characteristics of the Piperaceae family under fermentation and the different effects or the foaminess of the Kawakawa Kombucha, which is not fully explained.
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Zhang L, Cao QQ, Granato D, Xu YQ, Ho CT. Association between chemistry and taste of tea: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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López-López A, Sánchez-Gómez AH, Montaño A, Cortés-Delgado A, Garrido-Fernández A. Panel and Panelist Performance in the Sensory Evaluation of Black Ripe Olives from Spanish Manzanilla and Hojiblanca Cultivars. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110562. [PMID: 31717451 PMCID: PMC6915399 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is vast experience in the application of sensory analysis to green Spanish-style olives, but ripe black olives (≈1 × 106 kg for 2016/2017) have received scarce attention and panelists have less experience on the evaluation of this presentation. Therefore, the study of their performance during the assessment of this presentation is critical. Using previously developed lexicon, ripe olives from Manzanilla and Hojiblanca cultivars from different origins were sensory analysed according to the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). The panel (eight men and six women) was trained, and the QDA tests were performed following similar recommendations than for green olives. The data were examined while using SensoMineR v.1.07, programmed in R, which provides a diversity of easy to interpret graphical outputs. The repeatability and reproducibility of panel and panelists were good for product characterisation. However, the panel performance investigation was essential in detecting details of panel work (detection of panelists with low discriminant power, those that have interpreted the scale in a different way than the whole panel, the identification of panelists who required training in several/specific descriptors, or those with low discriminant power). Besides, the study identified the descriptors of hard evaluation (skin green, vinegar, bitterness, or natural fruity/floral).
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Barnette BM, Shellhammer TH. Evaluating the Impact of Dissolved Oxygen and Aging on Dry-Hopped Aroma Stability in Beer. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2019.1603002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley M. Barnette
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, U.S.A
| | - Thomas H. Shellhammer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, U.S.A
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Corrêa Simioni SC, Ribeiro MN, de Souza VR, Nunes CA, Pinheiro ACM. Multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations associated with acceptance test: a study on special beers. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:1164-1174. [PMID: 29487459 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed the use of a multiple-sip temporal dominance of sensations (TDS) test alongside with an acceptance test over repeated consumption for the analysis of special beers, with the aim of contributing to a deeper understanding of consumer behavior regarding temporal descriptions and sensory acceptance. Consumers of special beers sequentially evaluated six sips of a particular type of beer by TDS analysis and an acceptance test was performed for each sip. Four different kinds of specialty beers were evaluated [Bohemian Pilsner (BP), Witbier (WB), Belgian Strong Ale Dubbel (BD), and Russian Imperial Stout (RS)]. In general, the descriptive profile of beers varied temporally, i.e., there was an increased dominance of bitterness and a decreased dominance of fruity, floral, toffee, and coffee attributes. Concurrently, a reduction in sensory acceptance with an increased number of sips, especially the last sip, was observed in two kinds of beers that possessed a strong flavor, BD and RS. BP and WB presented smooth attributes and low notable characteristics, which could have contributed to the maintenance of the acceptance grades as the number of sips increased. The combination of TDS and acceptance over repeated sips can be useful for obtaining detailed descriptions of products that are closer to real time consumption by consumers, and thus aids in ensuring good product performance once released. The information obtained can also help product development scientists to fine-tune product formulations and ensure acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Síntia Carla Corrêa Simioni
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Michele Nayara Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Vanessa Rios de Souza
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Cleiton Antônio Nunes
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Marques Pinheiro
- Departamento de Ciência dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Lavras-UFLA, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-000 Brazil
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Missbach B, Majchrzak D, Sulzner R, Wansink B, Reichel M, Koenig J. Exploring the flavor life cycle of beers with varying alcohol content. Food Sci Nutr 2017; 5:889-895. [PMID: 28748077 PMCID: PMC5520861 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreasing alcohol in beer and increasing the pleasure of lower alcohol beers is a potential way to limit total alcohol consumption. Consumers’ willingness to drink alcohol‐reduced beers is mainly limited by unfavorable flavor characteristics that arise during consumption. To investigate the temporal flavor dominance during consumption, we analyzed the five most dominant beer flavors from nine different beers among three types of beer with varying alcohol content to assess the Flavor Life Cycle. Results show that beers with different alcohol content displayed similar flavor dominance (e.g., bitterness) and displayed differences in worty‐off flavor, malty flavor, and astringency. In alcohol‐free beers, worty‐off flavor was most pronounced in dominating between 5 and 30 s and malty flavor increased after swallowing. For bitterness and astringency, higher alcohol content resulted in higher flavor dominance, especially prior to swallowing (≤40 sec). Based on these findings, we provide some brief advice to minimize unfavorable flavor experience during consumption of beer with lower alcohol. For now, consumers who want to enjoy beers with lower alcohol should consider flavor changes and focus on the favored and defocus on the less favored flavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Missbach
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Dorota Majchrzak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Raphael Sulzner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Brian Wansink
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management Cornell University Ithaca New York
| | - Martin Reichel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Juergen Koenig
- Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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Impact of CO2 and its interaction with the matrix components on sensory perception in model cider. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Blanco CA, Nimubona D, Caballero I. Prediction of the ageing of commercial lager beer during storage based on the degradation of iso-α-acids. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:1988-1993. [PMID: 24307135 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iso-α-acids and their chemically modified variants are responsible for the bitterness of beer and play a disproportionately large role in the final quality of beer. The current study was undertaken to predict the degradation of commercial lager beers related to changes in the concentration of trans-iso-α-acids during storage by using high-pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS In the analysed beers the concentration of isohumulone (average concentration 28 mg L(-1)) was greater than that of isocohumulone (20 mg L(-1)) and isoadhumulone (10 mg L(-1)). The kinetic parameters, activation energy and rate constant, of the trans-iso-α-acids were calculated. In the case of dark beers, the activation energy for the degradation of trans-isocohumulones was found to be higher than for trans-isohumulones and trans-isoadhumulones, whereas in pale and alcohol-free beers activation energies for the degradation of the three trans isomers were similar. CONCLUSION The loss of iso-α-acids can be calculated using the activation energy of the degradation of trans-iso-α-acids and the temperature profile of the accelerated ageing. The results obtained in the investigation can be used in the beer industry to predict the alteration of the bitterness of beer during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Blanco
- Dpto. Ingeniería Agrícola y Forestal (Tecnología de los Alimentos), E.T.S. Ingenierías Agrarias, 34004, Palencia, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
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Vázquez-Araújo L, Parker D, Woods E. Comparison of Temporal-Sensory Methods for Beer Flavor Evaluation. J SENS STUD 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vázquez-Araújo
- Chemical Engineering Department; Faculty of Sciences; University of Vigo; Campus Ourense, As Lagoas s/n 32004 Ourense Spain
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology; CITI-University of Vigo; Av. Galicia 2, Tecnópole-Tecnological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas 32900 Ourense Spain
| | - Debbie Parker
- Campden BRI; Sensory Brewing Services; Coopers Hill Road, Nutfield Surrey RH1 4YH United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor Woods
- Campden BRI; Sensory Brewing Services; Coopers Hill Road, Nutfield Surrey RH1 4YH United Kingdom
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He G, Du J, Zhang K, Wei G, Wang W. Antioxidant capability and potableness of fresh cloudy wheat beer stored at different temperatures. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. He
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an 271018 People's Republic of China
| | - J. Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an 271018 People's Republic of China
| | - K. Zhang
- Shandong Mountain Tai Beer Co. Ltd.; Tai'an 271018 People's Republic of China
| | - G. Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an 271018 People's Republic of China
| | - W. Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shandong Agricultural University; Tai'an 271018 People's Republic of China
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Klose C, Mauch A, Wunderlich S, Thiele F, Zarnkow M, Jacob F, Arendt EK. Brewing with 100% Oat Malt. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kobue-Lekalake RI, Taylor JRN, de Kock HL. Application of the dual attribute time-intensity (DATI) sensory method to the temporal measurement of bitterness and astringency in sorghum. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rodrigues JA, Barros AS, Carvalho B, Brandão T, Gil AM. Probing beer aging chemistry by nuclear magnetic resonance and multivariate analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:178-87. [PMID: 21839195 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, in tandem with multivariate analysis (MVA), for monitoring the chemical changes occurring in a lager beer exposed to forced aging (at 45°C for up to 18 days). To evaluate the resulting compositional variations, both principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to the NMR spectra of beer recorded as a function of aging and a clear aging trend was observed. Inspection of PLS-DA loadings and peak integration enabled the changing compounds to be identified, revealing the importance of well known markers such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) as well as a range of other relevant compounds: amino acids, higher alcohols, organic acids, dextrins and some still unassigned spin systems. In addition, the multivariate analysis method of 2D correlation analysis was applied to the NMR data enabling the relevant compound variations to be confirmed and inter-compound correlations to be assessed, some reflecting common metabolic/chemical pathways and, therefore, offering improved insight into the chemical aspects of beer aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rodrigues
- CICECO-Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Evaluation of beer deterioration by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/multivariate analysis: A rapid tool for assessing beer composition. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:990-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Callemien D, Collin S. Structure, Organoleptic Properties, Quantification Methods, and Stability of Phenolic Compounds in Beer—A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/87559120903157954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Gastwirth JL, Gel YR, Miao W. The Impact of Levene’s Test of Equality of Variances on Statistical Theory and Practice. Stat Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1214/09-sts301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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GOLLÜCKE ANDRÉAPITTELLIBOIAGO, DE SOUZA JANECRISTINA, DE QUEIROZ TAVARES DÉBORA. SENSORY STABILITY OF CONCORD AND ISABEL CONCENTRATED GRAPE JUICES DURING STORAGE. J SENS STUD 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-459x.2008.00159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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