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Synowiec-Wojtarowicz A, Krawczyk A, Kimsa-Dudek M. Static Magnetic Field Reduces the Anticancer Effect of Hinokitiol on Melanoma Malignant Cells-Gene Expression and Redox Homeostasis Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:430. [PMID: 38675392 PMCID: PMC11054113 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma malignant is characterized by a high mortality rate, accounting for as much as 65% of deaths caused by skin cancer. A potential strategy in cancer treatment may be the use of natural compounds, which include hinokitiol (β-Thujaplicin), a phenolic component of essential oils extracted from cypress trees. Many studies confirm that a high-induction SMF (static magnetic field) has anticancer effects and can be used as a non-invasive anticancer therapy in combination with or without drugs. AIM The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of a static magnetic field on melanoma cell cultures (C32 and COLO 829) treated with hinokitiol. METHODS AND RESULTS Melanoma cells were exposed to a static magnetic field of moderate induction and hinokitiol. The research included determining the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and CAT) and MDA concentration as well as the gene expression profile. CONCLUSION Hinokitiol disturbs the redox homeostasis of C32 and COLO 829 melanoma malignant cells. Moreover, a static magnetic field has a protective effect on melanoma malignant cells and abolishes the anticancer effect of hinokitiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Synowiec-Wojtarowicz
- Department of Nutrigenomics and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 8 Jednosci Street, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland; (A.K.); (M.K.-D.)
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Zhao M, Qiao C, Yang S, Tang Y, Sun W, Sun S, Guo Q, Du F, Zhang N, Ning T, Wu J, Xu J, Li P. Hinokitiol protects gastric injury from ethanol exposure via its iron sequestration capacity. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176340. [PMID: 38244759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Hinokitiol is a natural bioactive tropolone derivative isolated from Chamaecyparis obtusa and Thuja plicata, which exhibits promising potential in terms of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and possesses potent iron-binding capacity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of hinokitiol in protecting against ethanol-induced gastric injury and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that hinokitiol effectively attenuated hemorrhagic gastric lesions, epithelial cell loss, and inflammatory response in mice with ethanol-induced gastric injury. Intriguingly, we found that ethanol exposure affects iron levels both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the disturbed iron homeostasis was involved in the development of ethanol-induced injury. Iron depletion was found to enhance defense against ethanol-induced damage, while iron repletion showed the opposite effect. To further explore the role of iron sequestration in the protective effects of hinokitiol, we synthesized methylhinokitiol, a compound that shields the iron binding capacity of hinokitiol with a methyl group. Interestingly, this compound significantly diminishes the protective effect against ethanol-induced injury. These findings collectively demonstrated that hinokitiol could potentially be used to prevent or improve gastric injury induced by ethanol through regulating cellular iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yefeng Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- National Institute of Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qingdong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - TingTing Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Junxuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Zhao H, Zhang M, Zhang J, Sun Z, Zhang W, Dong W, Cheng C, Yao Y, Li K. Hinokitiol-iron complex is a ferroptosis inducer to inhibit triple-negative breast tumor growth. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:87. [PMID: 37179385 PMCID: PMC10182687 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is a unique cell death, dependent on iron and phospholipid peroxidation, involved in massive processes of physiopathology. Tremendous attention has been caught in oncology, particularly for those therapy-resistant cancers in the mesenchymal state prone to metastasis due to their exquisite vulnerability to ferroptosis. Therefore, a therapeutical ferroptosis inducer is now underway to be exploited. RESULTS A natural compound, hinokitiol (hino), has been considered to be an iron chelator. We have a novel finding that hino complexed with iron to form Fe(hino)3 can function as a ferroptosis inducer in vitro. The efficiency, compared with the same concentration of iron, increases nearly 1000 folds. Other iron chelators, ferroptosis inhibitors, or antioxidants can inhibit Fe(hino)3-induced ferroptosis. The complex Fe(hino)3 efficacy is further confirmed in orthotopic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor models that Fe(hino)3 significantly boosted lipid peroxidation to induce ferroptosis and significantly reduced the sizes of TNBC cell-derived tumors. The drug's safety was also evaluated, and no detrimental side effects were found with the tested dosage. CONCLUSIONS When entering cells, the chelated iron by hinokitiol as a complex Fe(hino)3 is proposed to be redox-active to vigorously promote the production of free radicals via the Fenton reaction. Thus, Fe(hino)3 is a ferroptosis inducer and, therapeutically, exhibits anti-TNBC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zichen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Weichen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Kuanyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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