1
|
Santos P, Peixoto D, Ferreira I, Passos R, Pires P, Simões M, Pousão-Ferreira P, Baptista T, Costas B. Short-Term Immune Responses of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata) Juveniles against Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031561. [PMID: 35163486 PMCID: PMC8836189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobacteriosis is a septicaemic bacterial disease affecting several marine species around the globe, resulting in significant economic losses. Although many studies have been performed related to the pathogen virulence and resistance factors, information regarding the host defence mechanisms activated once an infection takes place is still scarce. The present study was designed to understand innate immune responses of farmed juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) infection. Therefore, two groups of seabream juveniles were intraperitoneally injected with 100 µL of PBS (placebo) or 100 µL of exponentially growing Phdp (1 × 106 CFU/mL; infected). The blood, plasma, liver, and head kidney of six fish from each treatment were sampled immediately before infection and 3, 6, 9, 24 and 48 h after infection for the broad screening of fish immune and oxidative stress responses. Infected animals presented marked anaemia, neutrophilia and monocytosis, conditions that are correlated with an increased expression of genes related to inflammation and phagocytic activity. Similar studies with different fish species and bacteria can be useful for the definition of health biomarkers that might help fish farmers to prevent the occurrence of such diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Santos
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.P.); (I.F.)
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; (R.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.B.)
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (B.C.); Tel.: +35-12-2340-1850 (P.S. & B.C.)
| | - Diogo Peixoto
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.P.); (I.F.)
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Ferreira
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.P.); (I.F.)
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Passos
- MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; (R.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Pedro Pires
- MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; (R.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Marco Simões
- MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; (R.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhao, Portugal;
| | - Teresa Baptista
- MARE, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; (R.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Benjamín Costas
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.P.); (I.F.)
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (B.C.); Tel.: +35-12-2340-1850 (P.S. & B.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Domínguez-Maqueda M, Cerezo IM, Tapia-Paniagua ST, De La Banda IG, Moreno-Ventas X, Moriñigo MÁ, Balebona MC. A Tentative Study of the Effects of Heat-Inactivation of the Probiotic Strain Shewanella putrefaciens Ppd11 on Senegalese Sole ( Solea senegalensis) Intestinal Microbiota and Immune Response. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040808. [PMID: 33921253 PMCID: PMC8070671 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about safety, applicability and functionality associated with live probiotic cells have led to consideration of the use of non-viable microorganisms, known as paraprobiotics. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary administration of heat-inactivated cells of the probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens Ppd11 on the intestinal microbiota and immune gene transcription in Solea senegalensis. Results obtained were evaluated and compared to those described after feeding with viable Pdp11 cells. S. senegalensis specimens were fed with basal (control) diet or supplemented with live or heat inactivated (60 °C, 1 h) probiotics diets for 45 days. Growth improvement was observed in the group receiving live probiotics compared to the control group, but not after feeding with a probiotic heat-inactivated diet. Regarding immune gene transcription, no changes were observed for tnfα, il-6, lys-c1, c7, hsp70, and hsp90aa in the intestinal samples based on the diet. On the contrary, hsp90ab, gp96, cd4, cd8, il-1β, and c3 transcription were modulated after probiotic supplementation, though no differences between viable and heat-inactivated probiotic supplemented diets were observed. Modulation of intestinal microbiota showed remarkable differences based on the viability of the probiotics. Thus, higher diversity in fish fed with live probiotic cells, jointly with increased Mycoplasmataceae and Spirochaetaceae to the detriment of Brevinemataceae, was detected. However, microbiota of fish receiving heat-inactivated probiotic cells showed decreased Mycoplasmataceae and increased Brevinemataceae and Vibrio genus abundance. In short, the results obtained indicate that the viable state of Pdp11 probiotic cells affects growth performance and modulation of S. senegalensis intestinal microbiota. On the contrary, minor changes were detected in the intestinal immune response, being similar for fish receiving both, viable and inactivated probiotic cell supplemented diets, when compared to the control diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Domínguez-Maqueda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.M.C.); (S.T.T.-P.); (M.Á.M.); (M.C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Isabel M. Cerezo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.M.C.); (S.T.T.-P.); (M.Á.M.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Silvana Teresa Tapia-Paniagua
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.M.C.); (S.T.T.-P.); (M.Á.M.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Inés García De La Banda
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Santander, 39080 Santander, Spain;
| | - Xabier Moreno-Ventas
- Ecological Area of Water and Environmental Sciences and Technics, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain;
| | - Miguel Ángel Moriñigo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.M.C.); (S.T.T.-P.); (M.Á.M.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Maria Carmen Balebona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (I.M.C.); (S.T.T.-P.); (M.Á.M.); (M.C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fumanal M, Di Zeo DE, Anguís V, Fernández-Diaz C, Alarcón FJ, Piñera R, Albaladejo-Riad N, Esteban MA, Moriñigo MA, Balebona MC. Inclusion of dietary Ulva ohnoi 5% modulates Solea senegalensis immune response during Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:186-197. [PMID: 32145450 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae represent valuable sources of functional ingredients for fish diets, and the influence of supplemented aquafeeds on growth performance has been studied for some fish and seaweed species. In the present work, the potential immunomodulation exerted by U. ohnoi (5%) as dietary ingredient was investigated in Senegalese sole. After feeding with the experimental diets for 90 d, fish immune response before and after challenge with Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) was assessed. In absence of infection, systemic immune response was not modified by 5% U. ohnoi dietary inclusion for 90 d. Thus, no differences in liver and head kidney immune gene transcription or serum lysozyme, peroxidase, antiprotease and complement activities were observed based on the diet received by Senegalese sole specimens. Regarding mucosal immune parameters, no changes in gene transcription were detected in the skin and gills, whilst only tnf, cd4 and cd8 were significantly up-regulated in the intestine of fish fed with U. ohnoi, compared to the values obtained with control diet. On the contrary, when S. senegalensis specimens were challenged with Phdp, modulation of the immune response consisting in increased transcription of genes encoding complement (c1q4, c3, c9), lysozyme g (lysg), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnfα) as well as those involved in the antioxidant response (gpx, sodmn) and iron metabolism (ferrm, hamp-1) was observed in the liver of fish fed with U. ohnoi. In parallel, decreased inflammatory cytokine and complement encoding gene transcription was displayed by the spleen of fish receiving the algal diet. Though mortality rates due to Phdp challenge were not affected by the diet received, lower pathogen loads were detected in the liver of soles receiving U. ohnoi diet. Further research to investigate the effects of higher inclusion levels of this seaweed in fish diets, feeding during short periods as wells as to assess the response against other pathogens needs to be carried out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Fumanal
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel E Di Zeo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Victoria Anguís
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Catalina Fernández-Diaz
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - F Javier Alarcón
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Rocío Piñera
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nora Albaladejo-Riad
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Angeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Moriñigo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Carmen Balebona
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Andalucia Tech, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Review on Immersion Vaccines for Fish: An Update 2019. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120627. [PMID: 31795391 PMCID: PMC6955699 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immersion vaccines are used for a variety of aquacultured fish to protect against infectious diseases caused by bacteria and viruses. During immersion vaccination the antigens are taken up by the skin, gills or gut and processed by the immune system, where the resulting response may lead to protection. The lack of classical secondary responses following repeated immersion vaccination may partly be explained by the limited uptake of antigens by immersion compared to injection. Administration of vaccines depends on the size of the fish. In most cases, immersion vaccination is inferior to injection vaccination with regard to achieved protection. However, injection is problematic in small fish, and fry as small as 0.5 gram may be immersion vaccinated when they are considered adaptively immunocompetent. Inactivated vaccines are, in many cases, weakly immunogenic, resulting in low protection after immersion vaccination. Therefore, during recent years, several studies have focused on different ways to augment the efficacy of these vaccines. Examples are booster vaccination, administration of immunostimulants/adjuvants, pretreatment with low frequency ultrasound, use of live attenuated and DNA vaccines, preincubation in hyperosmotic solutions, percutaneous application of a multiple puncture instrument and application of more suitable inactivation chemicals. Electrostatic coating with positively charged chitosan to obtain mucoadhesive vaccines and a more efficient delivery of inactivated vaccines has also been successful.
Collapse
|
5
|
Valderrama K, Balado M, Rey-Varela D, Rodríguez J, Vila-Sanjurjo A, Jiménez C, Lemos ML. Outer membrane protein FrpA, the siderophore piscibactin receptor of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, as a subunit vaccine against photobacteriosis in sole (Solea senegalensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:723-729. [PMID: 31580933 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.09.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photobacteriosis caused by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Pdp) remains one of the main infectious diseases affecting cultured fish in Mediterranean countries. Diverse vaccine formulations based in the use of inactivated bacterial cells have been used with unsatisfactory results, especially in newly cultured species like sole (Solea senegalensis). In this work, we describe the use of the outer membrane receptor (FrpA) of the siderophore piscibactin produced by Pdp as a novel subunit vaccine against photobacteriosis. FrpA has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli under an arabinose-inducible promoter. A recombinant protein (rFrpA) containing the pelB localization signal and a His tag was constructed to obtain a pure native form of the protein from E. coli outer membranes. The immunogenicity of rFrpA, and its protective effect against photobacteriosis, was tested by i.p. injection of 30 μg of the protein, mixed with Freund's adjuvant, in sole fingerlings with two immunizations separated by 30 days. Results showed that using either pure rFrpA or whole cells as immobilized antigens in ELISA assays, rFrpA induces the production of specific antibodies in sole. An experimental infection using fish vaccinated with rFrpA or formalin-killed whole cells of Pdp showed that both groups were protected against Pdp infection at similar levels, with no significant differences, reaching RPS values of 73% and 79%, respectively. Thus, FrpA constitutes a promising antigen candidate for the development of novel more effective vaccines against fish photobacteriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Valderrama
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain; Grupo GIBE, Departamento de Bioloxía, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain
| | - Miguel Balado
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Diego Rey-Varela
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Jaime Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain
| | - Antón Vila-Sanjurjo
- Grupo GIBE, Departamento de Bioloxía, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain.
| | - Carlos Jiménez
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, Coruña, 15071 A, Spain.
| | - Manuel L Lemos
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Attaya A, Jiang Y, Secombes CJ, Wang T. Distinct response of immune gene expression in peripheral blood leucocytes modulated by bacterin vaccine candidates in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss: A potential in vitro screening and batch testing system for vaccine development in aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:631-640. [PMID: 31377431 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish aquaculture is the world's fastest growing food production industry and infectious diseases are a major limiting factor. Vaccination is the most appropriate method for controlling infectious diseases and a key reason for the success of salmonid cultivation and has reduced the use of antibiotics. The development of fish vaccines requires the use of a great number of experimental animals that are challenged with virulent pathogens. In vitro cell culture systems have the potential to replace in vivo pathogen exposure for initial screening and testing of novel vaccine candidates/preparations, and for batch potency and safety tests. PBL contain major immune cells that enable the detection of both innate and adaptive immune responses in vitro. Fish PBL can be easily prepared using a hypotonic method and is the only way to obtain large numbers of immune cells non-lethally. Distinct gene expression profiles of innate and adaptive immunity have been observed between bacterins prepared from different bacterial species, as well as from different strains or culturing conditions of the same bacterial species. Distinct immune pathways are activated by pathogens or vaccines in vivo that can be detected in PBL in vitro. Immune gene expression in PBL after stimulation with vaccine candidates may shed light on the immune pathways involved that lead to vaccine-mediated protection. This study suggests that PBL are a suitable platform for initial screening of vaccine candidates, for evaluation of vaccine-induced immune responses, and a cheap alternative for potency testing to reduce animal use in aquaculture vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Attaya
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK; College of Fishery and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|