CYP2D6 (C2850T, G1846A, C100T) polymorphisms, haplotypes and MDR analysis in predicting coronary artery disease risk in north-west Indian population: A case-control study

Explore the distribution of (rs35742686, rs3892097 and rs1065852) genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P4502D6 gene in the Moroccan population

Background

The CYP2D6 gene encodes a crucial enzyme involved in the metabolic pathways of many commonly used drugs. It is a highly polymorphic gene inducing an interethnic and interindividual variability in disease susceptibility and treatment response. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of the three CYP2D6 most investigated alleles (CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, and CYP2D6*10 alleles) in Morocco compared to other populations.

This study enrolled 321 healthy Moroccan subjects. CYP2D6 genotypes and allele frequencies were assessed using a restriction fragment length polymorphism–polymerase chain reaction genotyping method. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and dendrogram were conducted to evaluate genetic proximity between Moroccans and other populations depending on CYP2D6 allele frequencies.

Results

According to the current study, the results observed the homozygous wild type of the three studied SNPs were predominant among the Moroccan population, while 1.4% of Moroccans carried the CYP2D6*4 allele responsible for a Poor Metabolizer phenotype and associated with low enzyme activity which may induce a treatment failure. The PCA and cluster dendrogram tools revealed genetic proximity between Moroccans and Mediterranean, European and African populations, versus a distancing from Asian populations.

Conclusion

The distribution of CYP2D6 polymorphisms within Morocco follows the patterns generally found among the Mediterranean, European and African populations. Furthermore, these results will help to lay a basis for clinical studies, aimed to introduce and optimize a personalized therapy in the Moroccan population.

MIR17HG polymorphisms contribute to high-altitude pulmonary edema susceptibility in the Chinese population

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a common acute altitude sickness. This study was designed to investigate the effect of MIR17HG polymorphisms on HAPE risk in the Chinese population. The Agena MassARRAY platform was used to genotype six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MIR17HG gene in 244 HAPE patients and 243 non-HAPE controls. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were used to evaluate the association between each MIR17HG polymorphisms and the risk of HAPE under a polygenetic model. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ² test. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis was used to analyze the impacts of SNP–SNP interactions on the risk of HAPE. According to the allele model, the HAPE risk of people with the rs7318578 A allele of MIR17HG was lower than that of people with the C allele (OR 0.74, p = 0.036).Logistic regression analysis of four models for all selected MIR17HG SNPs showed significant differences in the frequencies of rs7318578 (OR 0.74, p = 0.037) and rs17735387 (OR 1.51, p = 0.036) between cases and controls. The results of the sex stratification analysis showed that among males, rs17735387 in the MIR17HG gene is associated with an increased risk of HAPE. MDR analysis showed that the best combination model was a three-locus model incorporating rs72640334, rs7318578, and rs7336610. This study revealed the correlations between rs7318578 and rs17735387 on the MIR17HG gene and the risk of HAPE in the Chinese population, providing a theoretical basis for the early screening, prevention, and diagnosis of HAPE in high-risk populations.

The effects of MIR137HG genetic polymorphisms on the susceptibility of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a Chinese male population

BACKGROUNDS

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is one of the common and complicated diseases in the orthopedic clinic. Previous studies indicate that genetic factors play a crucial role in the occurrence of ONFH. This case-control study aimed to investigate the associations of MIR137HG genetic polymorphisms with the alcohol-induced ONFH risk.

METHODS

A total of 731 participants were recruited to detect the effect of MIR137HG SNPs on the alcohol-induced ONFH risk in a Chinese male population. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the associations. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze the SNP-SNP interaction with the alcohol-induced ONFH risk.

RESULTS

Our study showed that rs7549905 played a protective role in alcohol-induced ONFH risk (OR 0.57, p = 0.045). Stratified analysis indicated that rs9440302 was associated with an increased risk of patients aged >45 years (OR 2.00, p = 0.038), and rs7549905 showed a reduced risk in patients aged ≤ 45 years (OR 0.43, p = 0.023). In addition, we found that rs9440302 and rs7554283 exhibited a significantly increased susceptibility of III-IV grade alcohol-induced ONFH patients (OR 2.34, p = 0.003; OR 2.13, p = 0.011, respectively). We also observed that rs12138817 was related to an increased risk in patients with >21 months of course (OR 1.77, p = 0.043). Interestingly, rs17371457 showed a significant correlation with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = 0.040).

CONCLUSION

Our study suggests that MIR137HG genetic variants are associated with the alcohol-induced ONFH susceptibility in a Chinese male population, which may give scientific evidence for exploring molecular mechanisms of the alcohol-induced ONFH.

Potential regulatory SNPs in the ATXN7L3B and KRT15 genes are associated with gender-specific colorectal cancer risk

Aim: According to the current data, a major factor for phenotypic variation of complex traits and disease susceptibility is the cis-acting effects of noncoding variants on gene expression. Our purpose was to evaluate the association between colorectal cancer (CRC) and six single nucleotide polymorphisms identified using our original bioinformatics approach as regulatory and putatively related to CRC. Materials: One hundred and sixty CRC patients and 185 healthy controls have been genotyped for rs590352, rs2072580, rs78317230, rs3829202, rs11542583 and rs4796672. Results: Genotypes and alleles distributions of rs590352 of ATXN7L3B gene were significantly different between the male CRC subjects and controls. Significant correlation of genotype with CRC is observable for women only for the rs4796672 of KRT15 gene. Analysis of haplotypes reveals that rs2072580 of the ISCU and SART3 genes can be also associated with CRC. Conclusion: We have identified three SNPs associated with CRC risk and demonstrated a gender specificity of rs590352 and rs4796672.