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Guo P, Wang Z, Shi J, Zheng H, Liu J, Hu L, Zhao P. Structural Characterization and Physiological Role of Bombyx mori Fibroinase in the Silk Gland Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38619539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Silkworm is a highly valuable insect that produces silk through secretion by a silk gland. Within this gland, a type of cathepsin L protease called Fibroinase was identified as an enzyme for hydrolyzing the primary components of silk, including fibroin and sericin. Here, we determined the crystal structure of Fibroinase fromBombyx mori at a resolution of 1.56 Å. Comparative structural analysis revealed that Fibroinase adopted a similar structural pattern with papain-type cathepsin, consisting of an N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain. The interface between the domains forms a substrate-binding cleft, where the E64 inhibitor noncovalently binds in a novel manner. Additionally, computational simulations combined with biochemical analysis allowed us to define the binding mode and inhibition mechanism of physiological inhibitor Bombyx cysteine protease inhibitor (BCPI) with Fibroinase. Moreover, the expression profiles and RNA interference of Fibroinase indicated its critical role in removing silk proteins in the silk gland lumen and the destruction of silk gland tissue during the larval-pupal metamorphosis. These findings enhance our understanding of the structural and biochemical features of Fibroinase and its inhibitors, while also providing evidence for the physiological role of Fibroinase in silk gland development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Guo
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jiaxuan Shi
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haogang Zheng
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lan Hu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhao ST, Ran XT, Huang YY, Sang W, Derrick BE, Qiu BL. Transcriptomic response of citrus psyllid salivary glands to the infection of citrus Huanglongbing pathogen. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38444234 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485324000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is the key vector insect transmitting the Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) bacterium that causes the devastating citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing, HLB) worldwide. The D. citri salivary glands (SG) exhibit an important barrier against the transmission of HLB pathogen. However, knowledge on the molecular mechanism of SG defence against CLas infection is still limited. In the present study, we compared the SG transcriptomic response of CLas-free and CLas-infected D. citri using an illumine paired-end RNA sequencing. In total of 861 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the SG upon CLas infection, including 202 upregulated DEGs and 659 downregulated DEGs were identified. Functional annotation analysis showed that most of the DEGs were associated with cellular processes, metabolic processes, and the immune response. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were enriched in pathways involving carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the immune system, the digestive system, the lysosome, and endocytosis. A total of 16 DEGs were randomly selected to further validate the accuracy of RNA-Seq dataset by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. This study provides substantial transcriptomic information regarding the SG of D. citri in response to CLas infection, which may shed light on the molecular interaction between D. citri and CLas, and provides new ideas for the prevention and control of citrus psyllid.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Tao Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biotechnology for Active Substances, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Ran
- Engineering Research Centre of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biotechnology for Active Substances, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yu-Yang Huang
- Engineering Research Centre of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wen Sang
- Engineering Research Centre of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | | | - Bao-Li Qiu
- Engineering Research Centre of Biological Control, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biotechnology for Active Substances, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Ibanez F, Vieira Rocha S, Dawson WO, El-Mohtar C, Robertson C, Stelinski LL, Soares-Costa A. Gene silencing of cathepsins B and L using CTV-based, plant-mediated RNAi interferes with ovarial development in Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219319. [PMID: 37841623 PMCID: PMC10570424 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is a vector of the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter americanus (CLam) and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which are phloem-restricted and associated with the most important and destructive worldwide citrus disease, Huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, no cure for HLB has been described. Therefore, measures have focused on reducing D. citri populations. In these insects, cathepsin B (DCcathB) and L (DCcathL) enzymes play an important role in digestion, and are involved in embryogenesis, immune defense, and ecdysis. In this study, we used a CTV-based vector to deliver dsRNA (CTV-dsRNA) into Citrus macrophylla plants targeting DCcathB and DCcathL genes in D. citri that fed on the phloem of these CTV-RNAi infected plants. Subsequently, we evaluated expression of DCcathB and DCcathL genes as well as the Vitellogenin (Vg) gene by RT-qPCR in D. citri fed on CTV-dsRNA occurring in plant phloem. It was found that a defective phenotype in D. citri females as a result of knockdown of DCcathB and DCcathL genes mediated by CTV dsRNA. These results showed that Psyllids fed on plants treated with the CTV-dsRNA exhibited downregulation of the Vg gene, one of the most important genes associated with embryogenic and female development, which was associated with dsRNA-mediated silencing of the two cathepsin genes. Based on our findings, a CTV-based strategy for delivering RNAi via plants that targets DCcathB and DCcathL genes may represent a suitable avenue for development of dsRNA-based tools to manage D. citri that limits the spread of HLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Ibanez
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Weslaco, TX, ;United States
| | - Sâmara Vieira Rocha
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, ;Brazil
| | - William O. Dawson
- Plant Pathology Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, ;United States
| | - Choaa El-Mohtar
- Plant Pathology Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, ;United States
| | - Cecile Robertson
- Plant Pathology Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, ;United States
| | - Lukasz L. Stelinski
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, ;United States
| | - Andrea Soares-Costa
- Plant Pathology Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, ;United States
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Guo K, Dong Z, Zhang X, Chen Y, Li Y, Jiang W, Qin L, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Xia Q, Zhao P. Analysis of histomorphometric and proteome dynamics inside the silk gland lumen of Bombyx mori revealed the dynamic change of silk protein during the molt stage. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123926. [PMID: 36889618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Silkworms spin different silks at different growth stages for specific purposes. The silk spun before the end of each instar is stronger than that at the beginning of each instar and cocoon silk. However, the compositional changes in silk proteins during this process are unknown. Consequently, we performed histomorphological and proteomic analyses of the silk gland to characterize changes from the instar end to the next instar beginning. The silk glands were collected on day 3 of third- and fourth-instar larvae (III-3 and IV-3) and the beginning of fourth-instar larvae (IV-0). Proteomic analysis identified 2961 proteins from all silk glands. Silk proteins P25 and Ser5 were significantly more abundant in III-3 and IV-3 than in IV-0, and many cuticular proteins and protease inhibitors increased significantly in IV-0 compared with III-3 and IV-3. This shift may cause mechanical property differences between the instar end and beginning silk. Using section staining, qPCR, and western blotting, we found for the first time that silk proteins were degraded first and then resynthesized during the molting stage. Furthermore, we revealed that fibroinase mediated the changes of silk proteins during molting. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of silk proteins dynamic regulation during molting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Guo
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoming Dong
- Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Wenchao Jiang
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Lixia Qin
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhouguanrui Guo
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Biological Science Research Center, Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, China; Key Laboratory for Germplasm Creation in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 400715 Chongqing, China; Engineering Laboratory of Sericultural and Functional Genome and Biotechnology, Development and Reform Commission, 400715 Chongqing, China.
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Santos Correa KC, Moreira AC, Abd El-Raheem Ibrahim AG, Ramos de Jesus HC, Micocci KC, Crizóstomo Kock FV, Bueno OC, Venâncio T, Henrique-Silva F, Souza DHF. Identification and characterization of a recombinant cysteine peptidase (AsCathL) from leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Protein Expr Purif 2023; 201:106174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chen J, Guo P, Li Y, He W, Chen W, Shen Z, Zhang M, Mao J, Zhang L. Cathepsin L Contributes to Reproductive Diapause by Regulating Lipid Storage and Survival of Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010611. [PMID: 36614060 PMCID: PMC9820742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin L protease, which belongs to the papain-like cysteine proteases family, is an important player in many physiological and pathological processes. However, little was known about the role of cathepsin L in ladybird beetles (Coccinella septempuctata Linnaeus) during diapause. Here, we analyzed the characteristics of cathepsin L (CsCatL) in the females of C. septempunctata and its role during the diapause of the ladybeetle. CsCatL was cloned and identified from beetle specimens by rapid amplification of cDNA-ends (RACE). The cDNA sequence of CsCatL was 971 bp in length, including an 843 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 280 amino acids. It was identified as the cathepsin L group by phylogenetic analysis. Knockdown of CsCatL by RNA interference led to decreased expression levels of fatty acid synthase 2 (fas 2) genes and suppressed lipid accumulation. Furthermore, silencing the CsCatL gene distinctly reduced diapause-related features and the survival of female C. spetempunctata under diapause-inducing conditions. The results suggested that the CsCatL gene was involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and played a crucial role in the survival of adult C. septempunctata during the diapause preparation stage.
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Gao X, Zhang J, Wu P, Shu R, Zhang H, Qin Q, Meng Q. Conceptual framework for the insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae by transcriptomic profiling, a case study of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:591. [PMID: 35963998 PMCID: PMC9375380 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae is one of the most important stages of insect life history. Relatively comprehensive information related to gene transcription profiles during lepidopteran metamorphosis is required to understand the molecular mechanism underlying this important stage. We conducted transcriptional profiling of the brain and fat body of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) during its transition from last instar larva into pupa to explore the physiological processes associated with different phases of metamorphosis. RESULTS During metamorphosis, the differences in gene expression patterns and the number of differentially expressed genes in the fat body were found to be greater than those in the brain. Each stage had a specific gene expression pattern, which contributed to different physiological changes. A decrease in juvenile hormone levels at the feeding stage is associated with increased expression levels of two genes (juvenile hormone esterase, juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase). The expression levels of neuropeptides were highly expressed at the feeding stage and the initiation of the wandering stage and less expressed at the prepupal stage and the initiation of the pupal stage. The transcription levels of many hormone (or neuropeptide) receptors were specifically increased at the initiation of the wandering stage in comparison with other stages. The expression levels of many autophagy-related genes in the fat body were found to be gradually upregulated during metamorphosis. The activation of apoptosis was probably related to enhanced expression of many key genes (Apaf1, IAP-binding motif 1 like, cathepsins, caspases). Active proliferation might be associated with enhanced expression levels in several factors (JNK pathway: jun-D; TGF-β pathway: decapentaplegic, glass bottom boat; insulin pathway: insulin-like peptides from the fat body; Wnt pathway: wntless, TCF/Pangolin). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed several vital physiological processes and molecular events of metamorphosis and provided valuable information for illustrating the process of insect metamorphosis from larvae to pupae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Djhsp60 Is Required for Planarian Regeneration and Homeostasis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060808. [PMID: 35740934 PMCID: PMC9221281 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HSP60, a well-known mitochondrial chaperone, is essential for mitochondrial homeostasis. HSP60 deficiency causes dysfunction of the mitochondria and is lethal to animal survival. Here, we used freshwater planarian as a model system to investigate and uncover the roles of HSP60 in tissue regeneration and homeostasis. HSP60 protein is present in all types of cells in planarians, but it is relatively rich in stem cells and head neural cells. Knockdown of HSP60 by RNAi causes head regression and the loss of regenerating abilities, which is related to decrease in mitotic cells and inhibition of stem cell-related genes. RNAi-HSP60 disrupts the structure of the mitochondria and inhibits the mitochondrial-related genes, which mainly occur in intestinal tissues. RNAi-HSP60 also damages the integrity of intestinal tissues and downregulates intestine-expressed genes. More interestingly, RNAi-HSP60 upregulates the expression of the cathepsin L-like gene, which may be the reason for head regression and necrotic-like cell death. Taking these points together, we propose a model illustrating the relationship between neoblasts and intestinal cells, and also highlight the essential role of the intestinal system in planarian regeneration and tissue homeostasis.
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Pan G, Zhang K, Li C, Hu X, Kausar S, Gu H, Yang L, Cui H. A hemocyte-specific cathepsin L-like cysteine protease is involved in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone and microbial pathogens stimulation in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Mol Immunol 2020; 131:78-88. [PMID: 33376000 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin L protease belongs to the papain-like cysteine proteases family, plays indispensable roles in animals' pathological and physiological processes. However, little is known about Cathepsin L in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Herein, a novel Cathepsin L-like (Cat L-like) was cloned and identified from silkworm by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Cat L-like contains an intact open reading frame (ORF) of 1 668 bp and encodes 556 amino acid residues, consisting of a signal peptide, typical cathepsins' inhibitor_I29, and pept_C1 domain. Cat L-like is specifically and highly expressed in hemocytes. The cathepsin (including Cathepsin L, B, and H) crude extract from hemocytes had typical substrate specific catalytic activities and were sensitive to pH and temperature. Cat L-like up-regulated considerably after 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) administration, indicating that Cat L-like may be regulated by insect hormone. The responses of Cat L-like against bacterial infection suggest it may play essential roles in silkworm immunity. Overall, our studies provide a theoretical basis and insights to further investigate the functions of Cat L-like and in insects' innate immunity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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