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Buttet M, Bagheri R, Ugbolue UC, Laporte C, Trousselard M, Benson A, Bouillon-Minois JB, Dutheil F. Effect of a lifestyle intervention on telomere length: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111694. [PMID: 35760212 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of lifestyle intervention on telomere length (TL). METHOD Four databases were searched for studies reporting TL in leukocytes, before and after a lifestyle intervention. We computed random-effects meta-analysis on TL within intervention and control group after versus before intervention, and on changes in TL between groups. Sensitivity analyses and Meta-regression were conducted. RESULTS We included 20 studies in the systematic review (2995 participants, mean 50.3 years old, 77% women, 2045 following an intervention and 950 controls) and 19 in the meta-analysis. TL were similar at baseline between intervention and control groups. The physical activity ± diet group had an increase in TL (Effect size 0.17, 95%CI 0.03-0.31, p = 0.020) using changes within the intervention group, whereas TL shortened in the control group (-0.32, -0.61 to -0.02, p = 0.037). TL was longer in the physical activity ± diet intervention group (0.24, 0.08-0.40, p = 0.004) compared to controls after the intervention. Sensitivity analysis gave similar results. Meta-regressions demonstrated that combining strength and endurance exercise increased TL more than endurance alone or strength alone. CONCLUSION A lifestyle intervention with physical activity ± diet can increase telomere length, independently of population characteristics or baseline TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Buttet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, General medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Reza Bagheri
- University of Isfahan, Exercise physiology department, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ukadike C Ugbolue
- University of the West of Scotland, Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Catherine Laporte
- Université Clermont Auvergne, EA 7280 NPsy-Sydo, General medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Trousselard
- French Armed Forces, Biomedical Research Institute, IRBA, Neurophysiology of Stress, Neuroscience and Operational Constraint Department, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; APEMAC/EPSAM, EA 4360, Ile du Saulcy, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Amanda Benson
- Swinburne University of Technology, Sport Innovation Research Group, Department of Health and Biostatistics, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Jean-Baptiste Bouillon-Minois
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Emergency medicine, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, WittyFit, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Denham J, Sellami M. Exercise training increases telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression and telomerase activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101411. [PMID: 34284150 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres protect genomic stability and shortening is one of the hallmarks of ageing. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is the major protein component of telomerase, which elongates telomeres. Given that short telomeres are linked to a host of chronic diseases and the therapeutic potential of telomerase-based therapies as treatments and a strategy to extend lifespan, lifestyle factors that increase TERT gene expression and telomerase activity could attenuate telomere attrition and contribute to healthy biological ageing. Physical activity and maximal aerobic fitness are associated with telomere maintenance, yet the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify the influence of a single bout of exercise and long-term exercise training on TERT expression and telomerase activity. A search of human and rodent trials using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Embase databases was performed. Based on findings from the identified and eligible trials, both a single bout of exercise (n; standardised mean difference [95%CI]: 5; SMD: 1.19 [0.41-1.97], p = 0.003) and long-term exercise training (10; 0.31 [0.03-0.60], p = 0.03) up-regulates TERT and telomerase activity in non-cancerous somatic cells. As human and rodent studies were included in the meta-analyses both exhibited heterogeneity (I2 = 55-87%, p < 0.05). Endurance athletes also exhibited increased leukocyte TERT and telomerase activity compared to their inactive counterparts. These findings suggest exercise training as an inexpensive lifestyle factor that increases TERT expression and telomerase activity. Regular exercise training could attenuate telomere attrition through a telomerase-dependent mechanism and ultimately extend health-span and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Denham
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Maha Sellami
- Physical Education Department (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Abrahin O, Cortinhas-Alves EA, Vieira RP, Guerreiro JF. Elite athletes have longer telomeres than sedentary subjects: A meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2019; 119:138-145. [PMID: 30735724 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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